船用60 kg级铸钢使用性能的试验研究

对船用60kg级铸钢进行多项使用性能试验,试验结果表明该铸钢常规力学性能和低温韧性全部合格,实物铸件解剖力学性能良好,与试块的解剖性能基本相当,具有良好的焊接性能,焊接接头的冲击和硬度试验达到技术条件规定的要求.     

低碳钢的点蚀诱发敏感性研究

选择 3种冶金因素有代表性的低碳钢 ,通过极化试验比较了它们之间的点蚀诱发敏感性 ,同时利用电子探针分析了不同夹杂物在诱发点蚀过程中的腐蚀特征 ,并利用Flade电位比较了不同钢之间的钝化膜稳定性的差异 .结果表明 :沸腾钢的点蚀诱发敏感性显著低于镇静钢 ,稀土处理镇静钢则介于两者之间 ;夹杂物是钢中主要点蚀诱发源 ,钢基体与夹杂物交界处的钝化膜保护作用最弱 ,点蚀均从该处诱发 ;同类夹杂物在不同类型钢中的点蚀诱发敏感性差异较大 ,同一钢中的不同类型夹杂物的点蚀诱发敏感性差异很小 ,硫化物夹杂较其它夹杂物的点蚀诱发敏感性稍强 .     

长杆射弹对钢纤维混凝土靶开坑特性的实验研究

为考察射弹对钢纤维混凝土靶的侵彻特性,采用57mm轻气炮,进行了小尺寸模拟射弹对钢纤维混凝土靶(钢纤维的体积分数为2%)的侵彻实验。实验中观察了钢纤维混凝土靶的开坑形状,测量了射弹的击靶速度,并且采用注沙法测出靶体的开坑体积,计算出射弹对靶体的侵彻体积,得到了长杆射弹的动能与侵彻体积的关系。引入射弹单位面积的冲击动能和靶体单位侵彻体积的冲击动能,结合钢纤维混凝土靶的实验数据,考察了两者之间的关系。     

Phenomenological modelling of flow behaviour of 20MnMoNi55 reactor pressure vessel steel at cryogenic temperature with different strain rates

In the present study a phenomenological constitutive model is developed to describe the flow behaviour of 20MnMoNi55 low carbon reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steel at sub-zero temperature under different strain rates. A set of uniaxial tensile tests is done with the variation of strain rates and temperature ranging from 10⁻⁴ s⁻¹ to 10⁻¹ s⁻¹ and -80 °C to −140 °C respectively. From the experimental data, family of flow curves at different temperatures and strain rates are generated and fitted exponentially. The strain rate and temperature dependence of the coefficients of the exponential flow curves are extracted from these curves and characterised through a general phenomenological constitutive coupled equation. The coefficients of this coupled equation are optimised using genetic algorithm. Finite element simulation of tensile tests at different strain rates and temperatures are done using this coupled equation in material model of Abaqus FEA software and validated with experimental results. The novelties of proposed model are: (a) it can predict precisely the flow behaviour of tensile tests (b) it is a simple form of equation where fitting parameters are both function of strain rate ratio and temperature ratio, (c) it has ability to characterize flow behaviour with decreasing subzero temperatures and increasing strain rates.     

Optimization of resistance spot brazing process parameters in AHSS and AISI 304 stainless steel joint using filler metal

The aim of this research study was to determine optimal resistance spot brazing parameters for joining between AHSS and AISI 304 stainless steel by using filler metal. The key parameters investigated in this study consist of the brazing current, electrode pressure and brazing time. The Taguchi method was applied to the design of experiments. Signal-to-Noise ratio was introduced in the study to identify optimal levels from the process where input parameters yield increased shear strength. Brazing was thus implemented with 5,000A brazing current, 0.70 MPa electrode pressure, and 1.50s brazing time. The maximum shear strength obtained was 54.31 N·mm⁻² in accordance with input parameter settings. In addition, Cu-rich phase and Ag_0.4Fe_0.6 intermetallic phases were found at the interface zone.     

大空间钢结构建筑消防安全评估研究

大空间钢结构建筑发生火灾时,火焰及火灾产生的高温羽流可能对钢构件构成一定威胁。采用经验公式计算和FDS模拟分析两种方法计算火灾环境中大空间建筑钢构件的温度,评估钢构件是否达到或超过其失效温度。     

拉伸载荷作用下基体表层激光离散预处理对铬镀层／45钢基开裂行为的影响

采用激光离散预处理钢基体再电镀铬层技术得到了一种新型复合结构,研究了这种新型复合结构在拉伸载荷作用下的开裂行为特征,并与无激光处理钢基体的试样在同样试验条件下的开裂特征进行了对比分析。结果表明：有激光离散预处理钢基体试样的承载能力要高于无激光预处理钢基体试样的承载能力,且有激光处理的试样开裂区域在两个激光带之间（无激光处理区）,主裂纹呈现明显的周期性特征。本研究结果可归结为激光预处理钢基体不仅改善了基体表层的应力状态和力学性能,而且还改善了后续铬镀层的力学性能。     

常温原位发蓝研究

依据表面氧化及化学镀的科学理论,研究了常温原位发蓝剂及原位发蓝１艺,适用于钢铁件、铸铁件发蓝。尤其是采用电化学方法进行耐蚀性能评定,其综合性能达到传统高温发蓝技术指标,适用于各种类型钢铁件的表面处理。     

AISI H13钢表面改性技术研究进展

用于加工铝合金、镁合金零部件的AISI H13热作模具钢因其恶劣的服役环境,现已表现出低寿命的致命缺陷.激光加热淬火工艺因兼有表面强化、残余应力低及与基底保持高的结合之特性,使AISI H13热作模具钢具有广阔的应用前景;激光熔覆合金化工艺因具有较强的表面可设计性与使用可靠性,使AISI H13热作模具钢具有巨大的发展潜力;热喷涂工艺具有流程短且涂层可设计性等优势,但因涂层与基底呈弱结合之状态,因此应在成分与工艺上进行涂层与基底之间热匹配设计,以满足工程应用的高性能化与长寿命化之需.     

圆形减压环力学试验与壁厚对其耗能性能的影响

圆形减压环主要由钢管、铝管套筒和钢丝绳组成,由于其耗能特性强,因此在被动防护系统中得到了广泛应用。在边坡防护工程中,将钢丝绳一端固定,另一端连接在防护阻挡结构上,通过钢管与铝管套筒的摩擦和钢管的大变形来散耗冲击动能。首先分析了圆形减压环的工作原理,并对其力学性能进行了拟静力试验,再利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件,研究了圆形减压环在荷载作用下,不同钢管壁厚对其耗能性能的影响。结果表明：随着钢管壁厚的增加,圆形减压环的启动荷载也随之增大;在低速荷载作用下,钢管壁厚对圆形减压环的耗能性能影响较弱,但是随着加载速度的提高,钢管壁厚对其耗能性能的影响明显增加,耗能总量上升明显。