计算机控制小工具抛光技术中磨盘材料对去除函数的影响

研究了计算机控制小工具抛光(CCOP)加工中三种常用的磨盘材料对去除函数特性的影响,进一步完善材料去除模型,用以指导光学零件的加工。利用自行研制的AOCMT光学加工机床及接触式测量系统进行实验和分析。从去除函数形状、去除效率及稳定性、表面形貌三个方面进行了研究。实验结果表明:聚氨酯材料适用于粗抛光阶段;阻尼布材料适用于精抛光阶段;沥青材料适用于最后的修形加工和表面处理。     

SiO2 溶胶不同掺杂方式对含氟聚丙烯酸酯/SiO2 杂化涂层性能的影响

用酸催化溶胶-凝胶法制得SiO2溶胶,分别采用共混法和原位聚合法制备含氟聚丙烯酸酯/SiO2纳米杂化涂层.利用红外光谱、扫描电镜等表征了杂化涂层的结构、形态及SiO2相的分散性;研究了SiO2含量、分布和界面状况等与杂化涂层的表面性能和力学性能的关联与影响.结果表明,SiO2在两种方法制备的杂化涂层中均以Si-O网络的形式存在,原位聚合法中SiO2相的分散性优于共混法;含氟聚丙烯酸酯涂层中引入SiO2相后,涂层性能明显提高,共混法的疏水性优于原位聚合法;二者的力学性能随SiO2相含量变化的趋势相同,原位聚合法略优于共混法.     

武器装备的综合性能

武器装备除了具备传统的作战性能外,还应具备适用于作战的保障性能.作战性能和保障性能统称武器综合性能.综合性能要依靠传统工程技术及专业工程技术的综合,用系统工程的方法去解决.     

FBN和JF402在泡沫洗消剂中的展开作用及其对泡沫性能的影响

研究了FBN、JF402 2种碳氟表面活性剂与发泡剂配伍后形成的水溶液在油面上的铺展及泡沫性能（发泡力和稳定性）。结果表明FBN、JF402的加入可提高体系的铺展能力。FBN的铺展性能好于JF402,但JF402泡沫性能好于FBN。     

测磁仪在探明水中钢铁物件时的应用

本文根据近十年来支援地方和兄弟部队寻找因海事沉没在江底钢铁物件的工作经验写成。文章简述了用测量舰船磁场的仪器来探测钢铁沉物的基本原理及方法。并针对该类仪器只适用低流速条件下进行测量的条件,探讨了在长江、汉水等高流速水域进行流速探测的方法。文章还就在探测过程中所迂到的一些具体问题提出了解决的措施,为在江底历史上钢铁沉物较多的情况下,提出如何根据测量结果来判断待寻对象的一些方法。     

2010年的隐形潜艇电脑“显形”

美国计划于2010年,开发出适用于21世纪反潜战的隐形潜艇设计,这项设计将是对传统潜艇技术的一次冲击。为了使此项计划付诸实施,美国已着手采用大型计算机,对隐形潜艇的总体性能及各个系统进行全面验证。     

原位反应电火花沉积TiN陶瓷增强相的工艺性能

以TC4钛合金为电极,氮气作为反应气和保护气,在45钢表面原位反应生成含TiN的沉积层。对电压、电容、频率、转速和比沉积时间5个沉积层厚度影响因子,各设4个工艺水平,进行正交试验,研究多项工艺参数同时变化时沉积层厚度的变化规律。结果表明：选用电容为120μF,输出电压145 V,比沉积时间3 min/cm2时可获得综合质量最优的沉积层。电火花反应沉积层与基体形成冶金结合,沉积层均匀致密,厚度约为30～40μm,主要由TiN、FeTi和Fe9.64Ti0.36组成。沉积层的弹性模量为183.614 GPa,而纳米硬度达14.039 GPa,是基体的4倍。结果表明：原位反应电火花沉积可有效改善材料的表面性能。     

TPC译码算法的硬件实现研究

TPC（Turbo Product Code)是一种较易实现、性能较好的Turbo码方案,它的应用前景极其广泛。1998年Pyndiah提出了一种适用于TPC的译码算法,取得了良好的性能。本文从硬件实现的角度对这种算法提出了几点改进意见,使其较适用于硬件实现,在此基础上讨论了子码译码器并行处理对时延和规模的影响,探讨其实用的可能性。     

铝合金表面微弧氧化技术研究与应用进展

铝合金表面微弧氧化技术具有工艺简单、适用范围广、节能环保等优点,其氧化陶瓷膜具有阳极氧化膜和陶瓷喷涂层的双重优点,能够克服铝合金硬度低、耐磨性能差的缺点,在军工、机械、电子、航空、航天等诸多领域具有广阔的应用前景.简要介绍了铝合金表面微弧氧化技术的发展历程,分析了铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜性能、生长机理及技术工艺的最新研究进展,指出了该技术实际应用中尚待解决的问题,并提出了该技术的发展趋势.     

纳米复合自修复添加剂发动机台架试验研究

通过WD615．67行车用6缸柴油机发动机台架试验,研究了含有纳米铜材料的纳米复合添加剂对发动机动力性能的影响,试验前后对发动机主要摩擦副尺寸进行了测量。结果表明,纳米复合添加剂对发动机不同材料的摩擦副均有较好的抗磨效果,特别是在缸套等摩擦部位出现了“负磨损”,实现了摩擦副表面的原位动态自修复。添加纳米复合添加剂后有效地降低了比油耗,减少了机械功率损失, 提高了发动机的功率,改善了发动机的动力性能。     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.