INDO-U.S. SPACE COOPERATION

In January 2004 U.S. President George W. Bush and Indian Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee announced the Next Steps in Strategic Partnership (NSSP), a bilateral initiative to expand cooperation in the areas of civilian space activities, civilian nuclear programs, and high-technology trade and to expand discussions on missile defense. Today, India and the United States view the NSSP initiative as a tool to transfer high-technology items to India without compromising U.S. nonproliferation goals. The success of this proposal depends on U.S. efforts to modify its nonproliferation regulations and India's efforts to implement stringent regulations to control the flow of sensitive technologies within its borders. This report examines the Indo-U.S. NSSP initiative and associated agreements, discusses the set of reciprocal steps agreed upon by India and the United States, reviews the extent of technology transfer permissible under existing U.S. nonproliferation regulations, and presents some preliminary conclusions on the NSSP agreement.     

The impact of the us strategic defence initiative on the space race

This paper models the space race between the US and the Soviet Union during the Cold War using time series econometric modelling. The analysis shows that, post the Vietnam‐war era, military considerations play a key role in explaining the behaviour of US space expenditure. In particular, the US Department of Defense (DoD) Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) of the early 1980s is shown to result in a changing structure of the space race. This is expected to continue in the future with the current anti‐ballistic missile (ABM) programme and the withdrawal of the US from the ABM treaty of on space militarization.     

重庆滨江空间的城市可识别性作用

在城市趋同发展的今天,营造城市特色空间以提高城市可识别性显得尤为重要。以重庆滨江空间为研究对象,通过文献查阅和实地调研归纳了重庆滨江空间的发展历程;分析了重庆滨江空间的特征,以及滨江空间对城市可识别性的重要作用;提出了重庆滨江空间多层次的生态环境丰富了城市公共生活,是辨析城市结构的重要场所,影响着城市发展进程中文脉传承的观点。     

冗余空间机器人基座姿态调整的笛卡尔路径规划

空间机器人系统的机械臂和基座之间存在着动力学耦合,为了保证笛卡尔路径规划的同时可以调整基座的姿态,文章以冗余自由度空间机器人为研究对象,首先建立了空间机器人系统的运动学方程;由于存在一定的冗余度,通过将基座姿态运动方程与广义雅可比矩阵组合得到扩展后的雅可比矩阵,实现了基座和机械臂运动的协调规划;最后讨论了基座姿态无扰路径规划,并与零空间法进行了对比。建立平面三自由度空间机器人系统,分别采用零空间法和扩展雅可比矩阵法进行了基座姿态无扰路径规划和基座姿态跟踪路径规划,仿真结果验证了方法的有效性。     

美国空间攻防对抗概念体系下的空间武器平台

首先指出空间武器平台在未来空间攻防对抗中占有极其重要的位置;然后对美国的研究现状及趋势进行了系统的总结,重点分析了3种子平台的性能参数和作战方式,这3种子平台包括:空间机动飞行器(SMV)、模块插入级(M IS)和通用航空飞行器(CAV);最后给出了美国空间攻防对抗概念体系下的空间武器平台的构成。     

美军针对高超声速武器的反导预警能力发展态势分析

高超声速武器具有飞行速度快、精确毁伤和高效突防等特点,具有重要的战略威慑和实战应用价值,它能够大幅改变未来战争的态势,已成为大国打破战略平衡、打赢未来战争的新型“杀手锏”。随着高超声速武器逐步走向战场,世界各主要国家的反导防御体系将向更高预警维度、更快反应速度和更大打击力度的天地一体联合防御方向发展。本文分析了高超声速武器作战优势及其对未来战争的影响和威胁,阐述了美军现有反导预警能力的基本架构与能力缺陷,对其未来反高超声速武器的预警能力建设及发展态势进行了研判与预测。美军“优先发展天基反导作战体系,发挥低轨卫星主体作用”的反高超声速武器发展思路对于军队反导反高超声速武器能力建设具有一定的启示和借鉴作用。     

多特征融合文本聚类的新闻话题发现模型

融合新闻命名实体、新闻标题、新闻重要段落、文本语义等多特征影响,提出基于多特征融合文本聚类的新闻话题发现模型。模型根据新闻的多特征影响,提出一种多特征融合文本聚类方法。该方法针对新闻标题、新闻重要段落等特征因素构建向量空间模型及相似度算法,基于潜在狄利克雷分配模型构建主题空间模型及相似度算法,针对命名实体构建命名实体模型及相似度算法,并将三种相似度算法形成最优融合。基于多特征融合文本聚类方法,模型改进了用于新闻话题发现的Single-Pass算法。实验是在真实新闻数据集上开展的,实验结果表明:该模型有效地提高了新闻话题发现的准确率、召回率和综合评价指标,并具有一定的自适应能力。     

Adaptive fault-tolerant control based on boundary estimation for space robot under joint actuator faults and uncertain parameters

Since the joint actuator of the space robot executes the control instructions frequently in the harsh space environment, it is prone to the partial loss of control effectiveness (PLCE) fault. An adaptive fault-tolerant control algorithm is designed for a space robot system with the uncertain parameters and the PLCE actuator faults. The mathematical model of the system is established based on the Lagrange method, and the PLCE actuator fault is described as an effectiveness factor. The lower bound of the effectiveness factors and the upper bound of the uncertain parameters are estimated by an adaptive strategy, and the estimated value is fed back to the control algorithm. Compared with the traditional fault-tolerant algorithms, the proposed algorithm does not need to predetermine the lower bound of the effectiveness factor, hence it is more in line with the actual engineering application. It is proved that the algorithm can guarantee the stability of the closed-loop system based on the Lyapunov function method. The numerical simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can not only compensate for the uncertain parameters, but also can tolerate the PLCE actuator faults effectively, which verifies the effectiveness and superiority of the control scheme.     

From the sea to outer space: The command of space as the foundation of spacepower theory

Colin Gray once lamented the absence of a ‘Mahan for the final frontier’ and spacepower theory in strategic studies. This article proposes the command of space as the fundamental concept of spacepower theory, and that Mahan himself has much to offer in the endeavour of spacepower theory-making than has hitherto been realised. The theory is advanced by tempering versions of the ‘command of space’, stressing its educational intent, and explaining the nuanced sub-concepts of space control and denial through understanding some precedents set by seapower theory. In the process, aspects of Mahanian and Corbettian seapower theory are unified.     

空间绳网系统展开动力学特性分析

空间绳网系统是一种新型轻质空间柔性结构,具有很大的应用价值。针对地面环境和太空环境下的不同受力特性,推导空间绳网动力学模型;通过地面试验验证仿真模型的可信度;基于展开面积、飞行距离等性能参数,仿真分析空间绳网展开过程中的绳网位形、应力分布以及能量变化等动力学特性,分析轨道高度、捕获方向和发射参数对展开效果的影响。