普通建筑用钢与耐火钢火灾高温力学性能对比研究

钢材的高温力学性能是建筑结构耐火设计的重要参数。介绍了耐火钢的特点,通过试验对普通建筑用钢与两种耐火钢从常温到700℃高温的力学性能进行了对比研究,结果表明:温度在400~700℃之间,耐火钢的强度折减系数比普通建筑用钢高出很多;以钢材常温屈服强度的50%为破坏标准,普通建筑用钢与两种耐火钢的临界温度分别为550℃、650℃、660℃。     

Response surface analysis of two‐stage stochastic linear programming with recourse

We apply the techniques of response surface methodology (RSM) to approximate the objective function of a two‐stage stochastic linear program with recourse. In particular, the objective function is estimated, in the region of optimality, by a quadratic function of the first‐stage decision variables. The resulting response surface can provide valuable modeling insight, such as directions of minimum and maximum sensitivity to changes in the first‐stage variables. Latin hypercube (LH) sampling is applied to reduce the variance of the recourse function point estimates that are used to construct the response surface. Empirical results show the value of the LH method by comparing it with strategies based on independent random numbers, common random numbers, and the Schruben‐Margolin assignment rule. In addition, variance reduction with LH sampling can be guaranteed for an important class of two‐stage problems which includes the classical capacity expansion model. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 753–776, 1999     

基于多属性决策方法的防空C3I系统效能评估

介绍了防空C3I系统效能的定义及效能评估的一般处理过程.针对效能指标的多样性,提出了基于多属性决策(MADM)的效能评估方法,并通过一个示例给出MADM方法的处理过程,有效地解决了防空C3I系统效能评估这一复杂而困难的问题,仿真结果证明了方法的可行性.     

Maximizing deviation method for multiple attribute decision making under q-rung orthopair fuzzy environment

Because of the uncertainty and subjectivity of decision makers in the complex decision-making environment, the evaluation information of alternatives given by decision makers is often fuzzy and uncertain. As a generalization of intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFSs) and Pythagoras fuzzy set (PFSs), q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-ROFS) is more suitable for expressing fuzzy and uncertain information. But, in actual multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problems, the weights of DMs and attributes are always completely unknown or partly known, to date, the maximizing deviation method is a good tool to deal with such issues. Thus, combine the q-ROFS and conventional maximizing deviation method, we will study the maximizing deviation method under q-ROFSs and q-RIVOFSs in this paper. Firstly, we briefly introduce the basic concept of q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs) and q-rung interval-valued orthopair fuzzy sets (q-RIVOFSs). Then, combine the maximizing deviation method with q-rung orthopair fuzzy information, we establish two new decision making models. On this basis, the proposed models are applied to MADM problems with q-rung orthopair fuzzy information. Compared with existing methods, the effectiveness and superiority of the new model are analyzed. This method can effectively solve the MADM problem whose decision information is represented by q-rung orthopair fuzzy numbers (q-ROFNs) and whose attributes are incomplete.     

利用微气泡减小平板摩擦阻力的数值模拟

假定气-液两相流体均匀混合且微气泡在水流中存在滑移运动,运用混合多相流模型对水中运动平板的微气泡减阻过程进行了数值计算,研究了微气泡流的减阻机理,分析了主流速度及气体流量率等对减阻率的影响规律,同时构建了一个减阻率预报数学模型,并指出在微气泡减阻中存在一个与主流速度相对应的饱和气流量.     

反证法的历史沿革

反证法是数学中常用的一种证明方法。由于逻辑学中也存在同样的相关概念 ,所以分清反证法、归谬法以及反驳和证明之间的细微差别和联系 ,是很有必要的 ,并指出反证法不但是最重要的证明方法 ,而且同其它的证明方法一样也是进行科学积累和发现的源泉。     

Holonic-C2组织决策分配及演化方法

为了有效发挥指挥控制(Command and Control, C2)组织集中式决策和协作式决策的决策优势,对具有决策权限动态变化能力的Holonic-C2组织的决策分配问题进行研究。针对群决策中专家固定权重的主观性太强的缺点,提出基于专家权威性和意见一致性相结合的专家组选择方法,提高了决策分配过程中多属性决策的客观合理性；针对决策分配的动态演化问题,提出基于多阶段决策的决策模式演化机制,在考虑属性前后阶段的变化的基础上,给出相邻阶段决策模式跃迁方法。仿真结果表明,所提方法能够给出相对客观的决策模式的优劣排序以及多阶段的演化路线,从而证明了方法的可行性和有效性。     

《秦腔》—乡土世界的还原与抽象

鉴于读者和评论界对《秦腔》不同的解读和评价,本文以详实的文本分析为依据,系统论述了《秦腔》针对转型期的乡土世界所进行的还原和抽象的具体内涵。通过剖析被作家称之为＂密实的流年式＂叙写模式的具体特征和解读作品所塑造的一系列艺术形象的特殊意义,高度评价了作家对乡土生活深刻的认知以及在小说叙事方法上所进行的革命性探索。另外,本文所涉及关于贾平凹创作实践的论述,对于广大文艺工作者重新审视艺术创作与社会生活之间的关系具有较强的指导作用。     

基于区间数TOPSIS法优选空军战役作战计划

针对战役作战计划优选中的不确定性,运用区间分析和TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution)法探索空军战役作战计划优选问题.通过引进区间数乘法运算,将区间数多指标决策问题转变为指标为区间数的多指标决策问题,进而给出区间数多指标决策问题的TOPSIS法,对空军战役作战计划进行排序选优.与传统方法相比较,该方法较好地解决了评价指标为不确定值时的多指标决策问题.     

Flow computations past a triangular boattailed projectile

This paper presents a computational study of the air flow past a triangular boattailed projectile. The study shows that there is a single normal shock wave impinges the projectile at transonic speeds. At supersonic speeds, the formed shock waves are smeared compared to a conical boattailed projectile. Also, there is a reduction of the wake region behind the triangular base and the rear stagnation point is nearer to the projectile base resulting in base drag reduction. Moreover, there is an improvement of the stability of the triangular boattailed projectile since a lower overturning moment is incurred.