Effects of nano-sized aluminum on detonation characteristics and metal acceleration for RDX-based aluminized explosive

Nano-sized aluminum(Nano-Al)powders hold promise in enhancing the total energy of explosives and the metal acceleration ability at the same time.However,the near-detonation zone effects of reaction between Nano-Al with detonation products remain unclear.In this study,the overall reaction process of 170 nm Al with RDX explosive and its effect on detonation characteristics,detonation reaction zone,and the metal acceleration ability were comprehensively investigated through a variety of experiments such as the detonation velocity test,detonation pressure test,explosive/window interface velocity test and confined plate push test using high-resolution laser interferometry.Lithium fluoride(LiF),which has an inert behavior during the explosion,was used as a control to compare the contribution of the reaction of aluminum.A thermochemical approach that took into account the reactivity of aluminum and ensuing detonation products was adopted to calculate the additional energy release by afterburn.Combining the numerical simulations based on the calculated afterburn energy and experimental results,the param-eters in the detonation equation of state describing the Nano-Al reaction characteristics were calibrated.This study found that when the 170 nm Al content is from 0％to 15％,every 5％increase of aluminum resulted in about a 1.3％decrease in detonation velocity.Manganin pressure gauge measurement showed no significant enhancement in detonation pressure.The detonation reaction time and reaction zone length of RDX/Al/wax/80/15/5 explosive is 64 ns and 0.47 mm,which is respectively 14％and 8％higher than that of RDX/wax/95/5 explosive(57 ns and 0.39 mm).Explosive/window interface velocity curves show that 170 nm Al mainly reacted with the RDX detonation products after the detonation front.For the recording time of about 10 μs throughout the plate push test duration,the maximum plate velocity and plate acceleration time accelerated by RDX/Al/wax/80/15/5 explosive is 12％and 2.9 μs higher than that of RDX/LiF/wax/80/15/5,respectively,indicating that the aluminum reaction energy significantly increased the metal acceleration time and ability of the explosive.Numerical simulations with JWLM explosive equation of state show that when the detonation products expanded to 2 times the initial volume,over 80％of the aluminum had reacted,implying very high reactivity.These results are significant in attaining a clear understanding of the reaction mechanism of Nano-Al in the development of aluminized explosives.     

GPS弹道修正引信弹道环境信息的解算与数值仿真分析

根据质点弹道的特点, 描述了弹目间距、弹炮间距和相对弹道高 3个弹道环境信息的概念, 然后应用数学方法对弹目间距、弹炮间距和相对弹道高进行了理论计算推导, 建立了数学解算模型, 并用MATLAB程序进行了数值仿真计算, 通过分析其数值变化的规律和特点提出了其应用方向。     

防空兵群动态防空抗击效率评估模型研究

结合未来陆军机动作战实际,研究了集中射击指挥条件下,防空兵群动态防空抗击效率的评估方法。提出了目标可射击概率应依据火力单位射程选用不同模型评估的观点,探讨了火力单位转移、导弹(弹药)储备和群指挥所状态等因素对群抗击效率的影响及其评估模型。在此基础上,指出了所建模型的适用范围和需要进一步解决的问题。     

航空发动机在超声速引射系统中的应用分析

航空发动机可以对空气增压,并且增加气流温度,理论上存在应用于超声速引射系统的可能。分析了气源对引射器性能的影响以及引气对航空发动机的影响,介绍了3种航空发动机在超声速引射系统中可能的布局方案。针对某领域内的排气参数要求,分别对3种布局方案进行了计算分析。计算结果表明,当上游气体压强为0.044×10⁵ Pa和0.029 3×10⁵ Pa时,通过合理选择发动机的布局以及工作参数,发动机可以直接将上游气体排出或者作为驱动气源应用于超声速引射系统。     

平行双线式电火工品感应电流仿真研究

根据Agrawal理论,建立平行双线式电火工品的传输线模型,通过仿真计算分析外界电磁场和电火工品各物理参数对负载端感应电流大小的影响,为电火工品的射频安全性研究提供一定的参考．     

动态贝叶斯网络的无人机炮火校射

动态贝叶斯网络(Dynamic Bayesian Networks-DBNs),是对具有随机过程性质的不确定性问题进行建模和处理的一个有力工具.提出将隐马尔可夫模型(Hidden Markov Models-HMMs)图形模式与贝叶斯网络结合起来构成DBN,将其用于无人机照相侦察情报的推理分析,决定炮火优先打击区域.首先建立动态贝叶斯网络的战场态势变化模型,而后应用HMM的推理算法获得当前隐含序列最优估计,且可预测出未来战场态势.最后应用模糊推理获得优先打击的区域号.仿真结果表明了模型的可行性.该方法有效解决了贝叶斯网络对于瞬间变化战场态势推理的不足的缺陷,为炮兵指挥员更好地运用火力,分出主次奠定了基础.     

便携式防空导弹反巡航导弹作战效能分析

采用美国工业界武器系统效能咨询委员会提出的 ADC模型 ,对某型便携式防空导弹武器系统拦截巡航导弹的作战效能进行了详细的数学建模和分析计算 ,并得出了计算结果。从计算结果可以看出 ,作为低空反巡航导弹的武器系统 ,某型便携式防空导弹具有较高的作战效能 ,在多发联射拦截巡航导弹时其作战效能还会有进一步的提高 ,因此具有大力推广的价值。     

非线性隔冲系统最大响应的计算方法

提出了一种计算具有三次方非线性刚度的单自由度隔冲系统最大响应的方法 ,该方法将计算过程分成冲击作用阶段和自由衰减振动阶段 .在冲击作用阶段中 ,认为系统的冲击刚度为常数 ;在自由衰减振动阶段中 ,考虑系统的刚度非线性 ,用迭代法推导出了系统最大位移和最大加速度的一阶近似表达式 .据此可用数值计算的方法求出系统的最大位移和最大加速度     

系统仿真技术初探

为了对系统仿真技术有一个总体认识,采用归纳和分析的方法,对系统仿真技术的体系进行了初步探讨.     

Single machine sequencing with linear models of release dates

The paper deals with a problem of scheduling a set of jobs on a single machine. Before a job is released for processing, it must undergo some preprocessing treatment that consumes resources. It is assumed that the release date of a job is a linear decreasing continuous function of the amount of a locally and globally constrained, continuously divisible resource (e.g., energy, catalyzer, financial outlay, gas). The problem is to find a sequence of jobs and a resource allocation that will minimize the maximum job completion time. Such a problem appears, for example, in the ingot preheating and hot-rolling process in steel mills. It is shown that the problem is strongly NP-hard. Some polynomially solvable cases of the problem and approximate algorithms with both experimental and worst-case analysis are presented. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 45: 99–113, 1998