含内聚空洞固体发动机药柱的寿命预估

为了对含内聚空洞固体导弹发动机的贮存寿命进行预估,采用加速老化试验,得到该推进剂最大延伸率随贮存时间的变化规律;应用三维粘弹性有限元分析方法,对含内聚空洞的发动机贮存一定时间后直接点火发射过程进行数值仿真,从中获得发动机药柱在点火增压和轴向过载联合作用下的最大Von Mises应变.将不同贮存期药柱的最大Von Mises应变值与推进剂的最大延伸率进行对比,利用结构完整性评估准则,给出了某发动机药柱不同贮存期间内聚空洞大小的允许值.该方法可为含内聚空洞固体发动机的判废提供定量参考.     

空腔噪声非线性数值模拟

将雷诺平均N-S方程与非线性噪声求解方法相结合,对M219空腔在Ma=0.6,Ma=0.85,Ma=1.35条件下进行了气动噪声分析。通过雷诺平均N-S方程求解空腔流场,得到包含空腔平均流场基本特征以及强制设定的湍流脉动统计描述的初始湍流统计平均解,采用非线性噪声求解方法重构噪声源并高精度模拟压力脉动的传播。通过与试验结果对比表明非线性噪声求解方法能够较好地捕捉空腔流动中的压强脉动及噪声水平。与分离涡模拟方法相比,非线性噪声求解方法在保持计算精度的同时大大减少计算网格,对内埋弹舱快速设计具有一定的参考意义。     

Resistance of grid steel-tube-confined concrete targets against projectile impact: Experimental investigation and analytical engineering model

Steel-tube-confined concrete (STCC) targets are provided with excellent anti-penetration performance over semi-infinite concrete (SIC) targets since the steel tube imposes passive restraint on the in-filled concrete during the penetration process. Grid STCC system with square steel tubes is a potential solution to protective structures. In this paper, experiments of 9-cell grid STCC targets penetrated by 12.7 mm Armor Piercing Projectile (APP) were performed. The influence of side length and thickness of steel tube, steel ratio and impact velocity on anti-penetration performance were taken into account. Additionally, single-cell square STCC targets were also designed and tested for comparison with the 9-cell grid STCC targets. Damage modes and parameters of the tested targets were measured and discussed. Moreover, the stiffness of radial confinement of grid STCC targets is achieved according to the elastic solution of infinite cylindrical shell in Winkler medium. Furthermore, the penetration resistance and depth of penetration (DOP) for grid STCC targets are obtained on the basis of the dynamic finite spherical cavity-expansion (FSCE) models including radial confinement effect. It is shown that the 9-cell grid STCC targets with optimal dimension match of thickness and side length of steel tube can reduce the DOP by about 17 % and 23 % in comparison with the SIC targets and single-cell square STCC targets, respectively, due to both the confinement of square steel tube to concrete in the impacted cell and the additional confinement of the surrounding cells to the impacted cell; the penetration resistance and DOP of the grid and cellular STCC targets with similar steel ratio is close, and thus the grid STCC targets with simpler manufacturing process and excellent in-plane expandability are preferred in engineering practice; moreover, the predicted results of DOP model based on the FSCE models agree well with the tested results with the maximum disparity less than 12 % and the proposed model is more applicable to the grid and cellular STCC targets with high radial confinement.     

基于可靠度的管道支架结构设计表达式研究

运用可靠度的相关理论及方法,针对管道支架结构的实际情况,考虑了钢筋混凝土结构支架和钢结构支架两种形式的9种常用代表性结构构件,确定了管道支架结构的最优荷栽分项系数以及管道支架结构设计表达式。     

预处理方法在低速粘性流动中的应用

用时间相关法、LU SGS隐式求解经过预处理后的二维可压Navier Stokes方程 ,数值模拟了低速情况下不同马赫数、不同雷诺数的驱动空腔流动。为了使时间相关法能应用于计算低速流动及加快收敛 ,在控制方程的时间导数项前乘了一个预处理矩阵 ,实现了对方程的预处理。数值模拟结果表明 ,预处理确实加快了计算的收敛性 ,而定常解却没有改变。所得结果与可能的计算结果进行了比较     

机载激光器聚光腔的设计及试验

分析了影响固体激光器聚光腔效率的各种因素,对激光器的泵浦效率相对于聚光腔的几何形状、反射面镀层及冷却方式的关系进行了试验研究,提出了机载激光器聚光腔的设计原则。     

高速破片撞击充液容器形成液压水锤的试验研究

为研究高速破片撞击充液容器形成的液压水锤效应,设计一套试验装置和测试方法,试验破片撞击充液容器产生空腔的变化过程、液体中不同位置处的压力变化以及前后面板的变形情况。试验发现：破片撞击容器后面板时会出现一圈空化气泡,气泡在后面板内表面从撞击点位置迅速沿径向扩展;液压水锤初始冲击阶段,距离撞击点较近区域在初始冲击波压力脉冲过后会出现一个较大负压,而距离撞击点较远区域不受负压影响;破片撞击速度对容器前面板最大变形影响较小,变形范围随着撞击速度的增大沿撞击点向四周扩展。后面板的最大变形及变形范围都随着破片撞击速度的增大而变大。     

An air cavity method for increasing the underwater acoustic targets strength of corner reflector

In order to improve the underwater acoustic target strength of corner reflectors, according to the principle of acoustic impedance mismatch of the boundary layer, the method of using air cavity to increase the underwater acoustic target strength of corner reflectors is proposed. The acoustic reflection coefficients of underwater air layer and single layer metal sheet are calculated and compared. The results show that the reflection coefficient of single layer metal sheet is greatly affected by frequency and incidence angle, and the reflection coefficient of air layer in water is large and little affected by frequency and incidence angle. On this basis, a new kind of airfilled cavity corner reflector is designed. The acoustic scattering characteristics of underwater airfilled cavity corner reflector are calculated cumulatively, and the results are compared with the monolayer metal sheet corner reflector. The simulation results show that the acoustic reflection effect of the airfilled cavity corner reflector is better. In order to verify the correctness of the method, the test was carried out in the silencing tank. The experimental results show that the simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the airfilled cavity can improve on acoustic reflection performance of the underwater corner reflector.     

超声速流中凹腔交错布置流场研究

利用高速摄影仪和纹影仪,对超声速流中两凹腔火焰稳定器交错布置的流场结构进行了实验研究.结果表明,凹腔间相互作用主要体现为激波的相互作用,两凹腔间波系相互作用,使各自流场结构发生变化;两相同短凹腔或长凹腔交错布置,凹腔各自波系增强;短凹腔和长凹腔交错布置,各自波系都减弱.     

利用OH-PLIF技术显示超声速燃烧的火焰结构

针对在来流马赫数为1.72的空气来流中横向喷注氢气发生超声速燃烧的流场,利用平面激光诱导氢氧基荧光(OH-PLIF)技术,对超燃燃烧室中三个不同的流向截面进行了二维成像测量。选择波长为283.553nm的染料激光倍频光作为激发光,可近似认为获得的OH基荧光信号强度与OH基的摩尔分数成正比。瞬态的OH基PLIF图像揭示了超声速燃烧火焰结构具有高度湍流特性,在凹腔内部存在稳定的燃烧区,为整个燃烧反应提供值班火焰,起到了促进和稳定超声速燃烧的作用。超燃火焰在沿流向传播的同时还沿径向传播,凹腔展向尺度增大时火焰沿流向的火焰区会有所减小。