基于知识的模型表示研究

基于知识的模型表示是信息管理系统,特别是决策支持系统(DSS)的基础。根据模型管理和模型建立动态性原则的要求,提出了模型知识化的框架表示法,并给出了应用实例。     

‘God willing,I will be back’: Gauging the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's capacity to deter economic crimes in Liberia

Recently, in July 2012, the high-profile and bitterly fought nine-month race for the post of Chair of the African Union (AU) Commission, between Dr Jean Ping of Gabon, and his main challenger, Dr Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, culminated in the latter's victory. Her victory came after the deadlock at the Eighteenth AU Summit in January 2012. Borne out of the considered need for a quick fix through reliance on a vote of expediency, the election of Dr Dlamini-Zuma represented a political resolution to the crisis that arose due to the earlier ongoing electoral deadlock. Far from being a competitive election by design, the 2012 AU Commission election by default became transformed into an intensely fought campaign that put the AU in the limelight. This article briefly introduces the electoral process, explains in detail the voting behaviour of AU member states, and offers five specific reasons for the victory of Dr Dlamini-Zuma. On the surface the election looks very competitive, but the article explains why this is not the case. To create greater competition for these posts, the AU needs to overhaul the nomination process and the voting procedure. In this regard, the article proffers detailed analysis and proposes a radical revision of the existing criteria for the nomination. The article also proposes specific recommendations for the amendment of the rules of procedure of the AU Assembly to allow for a qualified majority as a deadlock breaker in the fifth round. It also assesses whether the integrity of the AU Commission election was damaged during the campaigning and voting process. In this regard, it recommends the development of a code of conduct for future elections at the AU.     

THE AU MISSION IN BURUNDI

Abstract

Even though the Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola (Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola, MPLA) managed to take firm control of the state as the war ended in 2002, this article contends that its hegemony is not absolute. At the fringes of the state administration, emerging regional elites have established associations that seek to provide a remedy against the centralised system, which essentially deprives regions of political influence and sufficient economic resources. As in many other countries on the African continent, political identities that were legally enforced and institutionally reproduced in colonial times have hardly been transcended in the post-colonial period. Even if the associations' influence today does not yet reach further than bringing some insecurity to an otherwise secure polity dominated by the MPLA, the associations could play a role in reinforcing strong regional solidarity and give political expression to feelings of exclusion. Such sentiments could in turn lead to an increase of exclusivity ideas about citizenship, or even xenophobic violence. Much will depend on the strategies of the MPLA, and to what extent it will accommodate these emergent forces in the post-war era, not the least through the current sub-national state reforms.     

面向任务的战术行动自主协同关系模型

在信息化战争的大背景下,战术行动中团队协同作战一直是研究的重点问题,而如何建立自主协同关系是团队协同研究的一个难点问题。在分析已有团队协同理论和框架的基础上,提出一种面向任务的战术行动自主协同关系模型建立方法。该模型首先根据当前战场态势和上级任务发布自主协同任务集合,各作战单元根据战场态势和自主决策自愿参与自主协同任务,其次利用作战单元与自主协同任务间的相互关系实现对关键角色的判断。如果关键协同成员参与自主协同任务则自主协同关系建立成功,反之,建立失败。     

地心甚高轨道星座构形协同捕获控制策略

针对地心甚高轨道星座构形协同捕获控制问题,基于虚拟编队方法设计了协同捕获控制策略,采用三脉冲燃耗最优轨迹规划算法对构形捕获轨迹进行协同规划;并且结合自适应全程积分滑模控制器对卫星各自转移轨迹进行跟踪控制。以10万km轨道高度的三星星座构形捕获为例进行仿真验证,仿真结果表明:该策略可以有效应用于地心甚高轨道星座构形捕获控制,能够在燃耗较少的情况下使星座中卫星同时到达各自的标称位置,同时具有较高的精度。     

应用局部约束二维稀疏表示识别SAR图像目标

在分析典型稀疏表示分类方法和局限性的基础上,提出了一种基于局部约束的二维稀疏表示方法,以有效解决SAR图像目标识别问题。该方法对SAR图像进行图像预处理,在兼顾图像相邻列(行)对应稀疏表示系数邻近性和样本间局部性的基础上,构建了局部约束目标函数,并通过解闭式解,实现稀疏表示系数的更新求解。利用美国实测MSTAR数据对算法进行了仿真验证,实验结果表明所提出的方法可实现SAR图像目标的有效识别,并对训练样本数目具有一定的鲁棒性。     

基于四阶累积量阵列扩展的稀疏分解方法

提出了一种基于四阶累积量稀疏表示的估计方法,解决信号数多于阵元数时的DOA估计问题。该方法首先构造了包含所有DOA信息的最小冗余矢量,利用扩展阵列的最小冗余导向矢量构造完备字典减小完备字典的复杂度;然后利用L1范数作为稀疏约束条件建立稀疏模型进行DOA估计。理论分析和仿真实验,验证了该方法能够估计出的信号个数大于阵元数目,可直接应用于相干信号,比MUSIC-like算法具有更好的性能。     

多任务时间规划冲突检测方法

摘要：针对多任务的时间规划问题,基于Simple Temporal Networks(STN)时态表示模型和时态推理方法,提出了一种时间冲突检测的智能方法,并对该方法给予了数学证明。实验表明,该方法能够检测出基于STN表示的作战方案的时间冲突,并对任务时间规划提供参考范围,可有效辅助指挥员快速制定作战方案的时间规划。     

不确定条件下编队协同作战空中目标威胁评估

针对决策环境的不确定性,对不确定条件下舰艇编队协同作战的空中目标威胁评估过程进行了深入研究;在此基础上,根据舰艇编队协同决策的特点,综合运用风险型多属性决策理论,建立了满足不同决策层的舰艇目标威胁评估模型和编队目标威胁评估模型,从而提出了不确定条件下编队协同作战的空中目标威胁评估方法。最后,通过实例说明了所提方法的有效性。     

《连续系统建模》的计算机辅助学习与考核系统

本文介绍了一个用于《连续系统建模》学习与考核的计算机辅助教学课件的功能和设计原理,重点介绍了系统动力学模型图的知识表达和建模行为的有效性度量的方法。