Economic sanctions and official ethnic discrimination in target countries, 1950–2003

Conventional studies on the consequences of sanctions tend to focus on the target society as a whole without specifying how foreign economic pressures might affect the well-being of vulnerable groups within target countries – the same groups who often disproportionately bear the burden of sanctions. This study explores the extent to which sanctions increase the likelihood of discriminatory government practices against one of the globally most vulnerable groups, ethnic groups. It is argued that sanctions contribute to the rise of official ethnic-based economic and political discrimination through contracting the economy and creating incentives for the target government to employ ethnic-based discriminatory policies. Using data on over 900 ethnic groups from 1950 to 2003, the results lend support for the theoretical claim that sanctions prompt the government to pursue ethnic-based discriminatory economic and political practices in multiethnic countries. The findings also indicate that multilateral sanctions are likely to be more harmful to the well-being of ethnic groups than sanctions levied by individual countries. Further, the negative effect of comprehensive sanctions appears to be greater than that of sanctions with moderate and limited impact on the target economy. The regime type of the target state, on the other hand, appears to have a significant role only in conditioning the hypothesized effect of sanctions on economic discrimination. Overall, this study’s focus on a vulnerable segment of the target society – ethnic groups – offers a greater understanding of the consequences of sanctions. It also provides additional insight as to how, in multiethnic countries, political elites might domestically respond to external pressures to retain power.     

发变电所传导干扰分析与抑制措施的研究

通过对发变电所由开关操作在二次系统和低压交流电源系统传导测量结果的分析，确定变电站低压交流电源中传导干扰的特征，利用安捷伦（Agilent）矢量网络分析仪，研究几种典型电源滤波器的插入损耗和特性阻抗等频率特性，应用夏弗纳（Schaffner）等系列抗扰度试验设备，研究电源滤波器对电快速瞬变脉冲群和衰减振荡波的滤波和抑制效果，给出了变电站电源滤波器的滤波特性要求。     

随机控制系统大纯时滞辨识及结构辨识的偏差补偿算法

本文研究了已知噪声自相关函数时,线性SISO系统ARMAX模型的大纯时滞的辨识问题及结构与参数辨识的偏差补偿算法。本算法使得能够在很小的样本数及极低的信噪比下得到系统的结构参数。     

移动式铁路油罐车清洗装置水循环使用与节能分析

装备节能研究对建设绿色节能型社会具有重要意义。对移动式铁路油罐车清洗装置中清洗管路和吸污管路的热损进行分析计算,提出了水掺混循环使用的节能清洗方案,对清洗工艺中的传热过程、水循环使用中水掺混比例进行了详尽的分析计算,并对节能效果进行了分析。结果表明,清洗管路系统热损较低,水掺混循环使用的节能效果明显。     

对雷达的全极化欺骗干扰技术研究

分析了3种针对单极化假目标的鉴别算法，针对单极化干扰的缺陷，提出并分析了一种干扰极化测量雷达的新技术——全极化干扰，介绍了全极化干扰技术的工作原理，并详细分析了全极化干扰机关键部件的设计。     

依据噪声能量变化提取目标运动信息的方法

在对被动噪声声纳接收的噪声能量随时间的变化规律分析的基础上,从理论上分析噪声能量的变化与目标运动参数关系,给出了其中所含目标运动信息的提取方法.     

基于动力学模型的有源假目标鉴别方法

针对导弹防御中可能出现的有源假目标欺骗干扰,从雷达数据处理的层次上进行了真假目标鉴别研究。利用自由段有源假目标与实体目标在动力学模型上的本质差异,提出了动力学模型匹配系数的概念,推导出理想条件下的动力学模型匹配系数的解析表达式。在弹道目标跟踪的基础上设计了有源假目标鉴别算法。结合中程弹道,进行了真假目标鉴别的计算机仿真实验。实验结果表明,所提算法能有效鉴别有源假目标。     

Optimal service‐capacity allocation in a loss system

We consider a loss system with a fixed budget for servers. The system owner's problem is choosing the price, and selecting the number and quality of the servers, in order to maximize profits, subject to a budget constraint. We solve the problem with identical and different service rates as well as with preemptive and nonpreemptive policies. In addition, when the policy is preemptive, we prove the following conservation law: the distribution of the total service time for a customer entering the slowest server is hyperexponential with expectation equal to the average service rate independent of the allocation of the capacity. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 81–97, 2015     

核试验地震核查的模糊逻辑推理综合识别方法

建立了一种增强性模糊推理方法,用来满足综合地震事件识别判据的需求。利用这种推理方法进行了地震事件模糊逻辑推理综合识别方法研究,给出了方法的框架。实例研究表明这种综合识别方法在核试验地震监测中有减少可疑事件数量的能力。     

超低照度下微光图像增强神经网络损失函数设计分析

超低照度下(环境照度小于2×10~(-3)lux)微光图像具有低信噪比、低对比度等特点,使目标难以辨识,严重影响观察效果。为了提高超低照度下微光图像质量,设计了一种用于微光图像增强的卷积自编码深度神经网络,并针对传统的均方误差损失函数不符合人类视觉感知特性等问题,结合现有的全参考图像质量评价指标,研究了包括感知损失在内的几种损失函数,并提出了一种新的可微分损失函数。实验结果表明,在网络结构不发生改变的情况下,所提损失函数具有更好的性能,在提高微光图像信噪比和对比度的同时,能够有效地增强图像内部细节信息。