怀特海的大学教育思想述评

怀特海认为大学存在的理由在于,它是青年和老年人之间进行知识和生命沟通的桥梁;大学要培养学生的智慧、想像力和创造力;大学的教学应该与学生的生活结合起来,让学生获得活的知识;大学的管理不同于商业或其他部门,应该尊重大学和大学教师的独立性和自由。     

射面交叉分析及武器控制方法研究

通过对影响多武器同时射击安全的重要因素——射面交叉的研究,分析了产生射面交叉的原因,建立了射面交叉的判断模型,研究了控制武器的方法,建立了禁止射击信号的产生模型。研究结果对舰艇的总体设计、武器控制以及作战使用有一定的指导意义。     

一种海底应答器绝对位置的精确校准方法

应答器越来越多地应用于各种水下作业,而其绝对位置的校准是工作的前提。在深海下由于声速的不均匀性,声线会发生弯曲。海底应答器绝对位置的校准需要进行声线弯曲修正。给出了一种深海条件下含声线弯曲修正的海底应答器绝对位置精确校准的方法。深海试验结果验证了该算法的有效性以及进行声线修正的必要性。     

演化硬件中变异概率对进化算法首次命中时间的影响

在(1+1)EAs中,采用马尔可夫链推移时间分析法,推导出了平均首次命中时间的表达式。从理论上分析了变异概率对平均首次命中时间的影响。结果表明适当的变异概率会缩短平均首次命中时间,加快进化算法的寻优时间。     

大整数乘除运算在PC机上的实现

大整数在要求高精度的应用中非常有用.特别是大质数和一般大整数有一个极为重要的应用,就是关于计算机数据加密.在计算机数据加密技术中,常会遇到大整数的算术运算问题.由于所使用的机器和所用语言的限制,大整数的"乘""模"两种运算很难运用高级语言中的"乘""除"运算.提出了一种逐位存储、按字节运算的方法,并用C 实现了大整数的十进制乘除法运算,之后将提出的算法与类似算法的时间复杂度进行了比较,最后给出了算法的运行时间.     

基于神经网络的模糊理论在桥梁状态评估中的应用

探讨了模糊数学中的隶属函数在桥梁技术等级状态评估中的应用.在研究现有桥梁状态评估方法的基础上,把人工神经网络和模糊数学理论结合起来应用于大跨度预应力斜拉桥的等级状态评估,建立了基于三层神经元的模糊神经网络模型,并建立结构损伤度函数及等级隶属度模型,通过样本学习训练,获取评估专家的知识及直觉思维,最终确定桥梁所对应的技术状态等级.以检测的480组索力数据作为学习样本,另外4组作为验证样本进行了索力状态评估预测.计算结果表明,网络预测值与期望值吻合良好.     

水下无线传感器网络的节点精确定位

以无线传感器网络(WSN)水下应用为背景,针对特定的环境要求,提出了一种可实现网络规模升级的分布式无锚点网络节点自定位机制。该定位算法通过距离误差估计和分布式坐标计算方法,有效地减少了由于测量距离误差所带来的坐标计算误差和节点坐标计算所带来的通信开销,有利于网络节点能量的合理使用和大规模的WSN布放。通过试验仿真计算,验证了该定位机制的合理性,为水下WSN应用提供了有力的技术支持。     

防化研究院履约十年回顾

《禁止化学武器公约》生效10周年之际,简要回顾公约生效以来防化研究院参与的履约研究、核查接待、单一小规模设施建设、指定实验室建设、日本遗弃化武处理等各个方面的履约活动,以期总结经验,展望未来。     

Alleviating time inconsistent behaviors via a competition scheme

Under quasi‐hyperbolic discounting, the valuation of a payoff falls relatively rapidly for earlier delay periods, but then falls more slowly for longer delay periods. When the salespersons with quasi‐hyperbolic discounting consider the product sale problem, they would exert less effort than their early plan, thus resulting in losses of future profit. We propose a winner‐takes‐all competition to alleviate the above time inconsistent behaviors of the salespersons, and allow the company to maximize its revenue by choosing an optimal bonus. To evaluate the effects of the competition scheme, we define the group time inconsistency degree of the salespersons, which measures the consequence of time inconsistent behaviors, and two welfare measures, the group welfare of the salespersons and the company revenue. We show that the competition always improves the group welfare and the company revenue as long as the company chooses to run the competition in the first place. However, the effect on group time inconsistency degree is mixed. When the optimal bonus is moderate (extreme high), the competition motivates (over‐motivates) the salesperson to work hard, thus alleviates (worsens) the time inconsistent behaviors. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 357–372, 2017     

Terrorism as Method in Nepali Maoist Insurgency, 1996–2016

During the period 1996–2006, the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) waged overt people’s war to seize state power and institute a new order that realized the party’s understanding of ‘New Democracy’ as posited by Mao Tse-tung. Contextual shifts led to a crucial strategic turning point in September 2005, when the Maoists agreed to a united front with estranged legal parties to oust the monarchy and establish a republic. Though touted as acceptance of political reintegration, the move was tactical rather than strategic. The party had no intention of supporting a parliamentary version of democracy and thus, 2006–2016, engaged in a covert effort to seize power. Central to this effort was the paramilitary Young Communist League (YCL), the members of which responded to inflammatory party verbiage and exhortations with attacks upon rival political actors. These attacks, academically and legally, were terrorism and offered a salient illustration of intra-state unrestricted warfare. Ultimately, organizational, national, and regional circumstances caused the main Maoist movement to move decisively away from its covert approach. By that time, however, radical splinters had embraced the use of terrorism against rival political actors, creating a situation whereby local politics is yet a dangerous endeavor in certain areas and at certain times.