Transforming Mexico’s energy field: the intended consequences of a drug war

ABSTRACT

By utilizing the theory of Strategic Action Fields (SAFs), the present article explains how a new meso-level social order seems to have emerged in Mexico as a result of the paramilitarization of organized crime, militarization of security, and the opening of Mexico’s energy sector to private investment. This work describes the transformation of Mexico’s energy field after a process of major constitutional and economic changes that were the consequence of a security crisis and an agenda of energy reform for which the so-called ‘drug war’ was a key underlying foundation.     

地空导弹对地面的附带损伤问题研究

研究了地空导弹爆炸时战斗部破片对地面人员附带损伤的问题,选取了破片对人体的杀伤准则,通过分析破片的空中运动特性,对导弹战斗部爆炸时的破片飞散规律进行了探讨,建立了破片散布的数学模型,并在典型的给定计算条件下进行了仿真分析.仿真结果表明,地空导弹在不同高度爆炸时,可计算出对地面人员的有效杀伤破片数量、破片杀伤面积和平均密度以及导弹的安全高度.     

高速飞行器间隙非线性机翼颤振的非线性能量阱抑制

针对间隙非线性机翼颤振系统的亚临界问题,引入了非线性能量阱(nonlinear energy sink,NES)技术来提高系统发生极限环振荡的临界速度。建立了具有NES控制的间隙非线性机翼颤振系统动力学模型,并分析了质量比、频率比、阻尼比、相对位置等NES参数对颤振系统极限环振荡的抑制效果,以及NES参数对颤振系统极限环振荡临界速度的影响规律。结果表明,阻尼比越大,可以在越小的自振频率比情况下使系统进入稳定区,但需要更苛刻的NES位置要求,即越靠近机翼前缘;而阻尼比越小,则使颤振系统极限环振荡响应进入稳定区所需的NES质量越小。在NES位置靠近机翼前缘时,增大自振频率比会使极限环振荡抑制效果有明显的提升,而增大质量比可以显著提高极限环振荡的抑制效果和临界速度。此外,NES的阻尼比越小,其颤振系统的极限环振荡抑制效果越好。     

超细粒子对环氧树脂的增韧改性研究

用NW-2辛酯偶联剂改性过的复合氧化锌(ZnO)超细粒子对环氧树脂进行增韧,借助于SEM和力学性能测试手段研究了ZnO粒子的形貌以及NW-2辛酯偶联剂改性复合ZnO粒子在环氧树脂体系中的增韧情况及其机理.结果表明:经过NW-2辛酯偶联剂改性的复合超细ZnO粒子对环氧树脂具备良好的增韧效果.     

太阳能-空气源热泵热水系统在办公建筑中的应用

太阳能、空气能作为可再生能源,在建筑节能中越来越受到人们的重视.在分析两类能源各自优缺点的基础上,指出了太阳能--空气源热泵组合热水系统在热水稳定供应及节能环保方面的优势.通过实例进一步分析了技术经济性,结果表明太阳能--空气源热泵组合热水系统在经济性和节能性方面均优于常规热水器,值得大力推广使用.     

超音速气流中热塑性复合材料壁板的非线性热颤振特性

热塑性复合材料结构在高速流场中的颤振行为是可重复使用航天器设计中需要考虑的问题.基于Mindlin厚板理论和Von-Karman大变形理论描述热塑性复合壁板结构大变形,超音速气动力采用活塞气动理论.考虑温度引起的壁板面内热应力和热塑性材料力学性能的改变.根据虚功原理和有限元法推导建立了热塑性复合材料壁板的热颤振模型,进...     

对标准化与前沿技术创新互动关系的理解认识

世界范围内有关标准化与技术创新的关系研究已近百年,各方学者专家普遍认为标准化有助于技术知识的积累、创新效率的提升以及创新成果的扩散。由于前沿技术具有战略地位高、产业规模大、研发风险高、学科交叉融合、发展路径多样以及创新资源稀缺等特点,相比标准化与传统技术创新,标准化与前沿技术创新之间呈现出一定的网络关系、耦合关系和产品互促关系。本文通过归并标准化与前沿技术创新参与主体、对比各自生命周期发展以及阶段性成果情况,分析阐述了二者之间关系的理解认识,并提出应充分发挥标准化的战略工具性、公共品属性和广泛兼容性,强化对前沿技术军事应用创新方向校准的导向作用、创新资源整合的协同作用及创新成果转化的推动作用,加速国防前沿技术推动新型作战力量和保障力量的发展。促进"黑科技"和"杀手锏"的形成。     

Hazard evaluation of ignition sensitivity and explosion severity for three typical MH2 (M＝Mg,Ti, Zr) of energetic materials

MgH2, TiH2, and ZrH2 are three typical metal hydrides that have been gradually applied to composite explosives and propellants as additives in recent years. To evaluate ignition sensitivity and explosion severity, the Hartmann device and spherical pressure vessel were used to test ignition energy and ex-plosion pressure, respectively. The results showed that the ignition sensitivity of ZrH2, TiH2 and MgH2 gradually increased. When the concentration of MgH2 is 83.0 g/m3 in Hartmann device, the ignition energy attained a minimum of 10.0 mJ. The explosion pressure of MgH2 were 1.44 times and 1.76 times that of TiH2 and ZrH2, respectively, and the explosion pressure rising rate were 3.97 times and 9.96 times that of TiH2 and ZrH2, respectively, through the spherical pressure vessel. It indicated that the reaction reactivity and reaction rate of MgH2 were higher than that of TiH2 and ZrH2. In addition, to conduct in-depth theoretical analysis of ignition sensitivity and explosion severity, gas production and combus-tion heat per unit mass of ZrH2, TiH2 and MgH2 were tested by mercury manometer and oxygen bomb calorimetry. The experimental results revealed that MgH2 had a relatively high gas production per unit mass (5.15 mL/g), while TiH2 and ZrH2 both had a gas production of less than 2.0 mL/g. Their thermal stability gradually increased, leading to a gradual increase in ignition energy. Furthermore, compared with theoretical combustion heat, the combustion ratio of MgH2, TiH2 and ZrH2 was more than 96.0%, with combustion heat value of 29.96, 20.94 and 12.22 MJ/kg, respectively, which was consistent with the explosion pressure and explosion severity test results.     

国外动能轨道武器概念与发展动向

空间即将成为下一个战场,国外正在空间迅猛发展与应用日趋成熟的动能武器。介绍了国外动能轨道武器的基本概念、组成与发展现状,讨论了动能轨道武器的地位与作用,分析了国外动能轨道武器发展需求、能对付的目标威胁及其关键技术。     

Hilbert-Huang变换能量谱在轴承故障诊断中的应用

H ilbert-Huang变换是先把时间序列信号用经验模态分解方法分解成不同特征时间尺度的固有模态函数,然后经过H ilbert变换获得频谱的信号处理新方法。介绍了该方法的基本原理,并将H ilbert-Huang变换的能量谱应用于轴承故障诊断,轴承故障实验信号的研究结果表明:H ilbert-Huang变换的能量谱分析方法,能有效地诊断轴承的故障。