Buy now,pay later: American military intervention and the strategic cost paradox

This paper explores the notion that US efforts to evade the political costs of war paradoxically contribute to the subsequent exacerbation of costs over time. Leaders seek to purchase political capital in the short term by limiting the costs and requirements of military operations, but in doing so cause strategic and political liabilities to mount in the long run. While identification of such behaviour is not new, insufficient attention has been devoted to explaining its causes, dynamics, and manifestations in relation to key decisions on and in war. Evidence derived from studies of recent American discretionary campaigns is analysed to advance an argument with respect to this pattern of self-defeating strategic behaviour.     

Military Off the Shelf Procurements: A Norwegian Case Study

Buying off the shelf procurements (OTS) has become an important part of the national acquisition strategy in several countries, and this paper seeks to bring empirical evidence on OTS as the preferred acquisition strategy by use of data from 2015 to 2022 investment portfolio of the Norwegian Armed Forces. We develop definitions for three categories of procurement – OTS, modified OTS and development projects – as well as a method to classify projects into these categories. Our first finding is that the characteristics of OTS projects correspond to modified OTS and development projects. Our second finding indicates that OTS projects perform better when it comes to the completion of projects according to the initial schedule, compared to development projects.     

改进BAS-TIMS算法在空战机动决策中的应用

针对当前空战机动决策精确度低、实时性差的缺点,对天牛须搜索-战术免疫机动系统(Beetle Antennae Search-Tactical Immune Maneuver System, BAS-TIMS)算法进行改进,并应用于空战机动决策中。增加左爬升、右爬升、左俯冲、右俯冲4种机动,对传统的机动策略库进行扩充,设计了11种基本机动策略并给出了相应的控制方法。基于距离、高度、速度、角度和战机性能优势函数,利用非参量法构造战机机动决策综合优势函数。针对天牛须搜索算法在全局搜索和收敛速度上存在的缺陷,引入蒙特卡洛概率迭代的方法对算法进行改进,并和战术免疫机动系统进行融合,将改进的BAS-TIMS算法用于空战机动决策。设计算例进行仿真分析,并将结果和博弈论法、改进共生生物免疫进化算法、传统BAS算法和传统TIMS模型的计算结果进行对比,验证所提算法的有效性。仿真结果表明:改进BAS-TIMS算法在空战机动决策的收敛精度、收敛速度和全局搜索能力上更加具有优势。     

转变管理模式注重学员创造性思维能力的培养

学员队管理要注重学员创造性思维能力的培养。在分析传统管理模式对学员创造性思维能力培养的制约因素的基础上，提出了管理者应转变管理模式，注重培养学员创造性思维能力的几最思考。     

太阳能动力船舶发展综述

对近年来国内外太阳能动力船舶发展现状和趋势进行了综述,介绍了多艘太阳能动力船研制成功的实例,并对太阳能动力船舶的若干关键技术及其可能的解决方案进行了阐述,重点说明了太阳能动力船舶与多体船型的联系,并对国内发展太阳能动力船进行了初步构想.     

金属橡胶／橡胶复合叠层耗能器试验建模研究

采用电液伺服材料试验机的位移加载方式，对金属橡胶／橡胶复合叠层耗能器进行动态试验研究，结果表明：耗能器的恢复力同时受频率和振幅的影响具有非线性迟滞特性。在此基础上，结合理论分析建立耗能器的动力学模型，提出一种参数分离识别法，辨识出模型中的未知参数。将辨识结果与试验曲线进行对比，结果表明，所建模型可靠，且参数识别精度能够满足工程应用的要求。     

【邀请论文】军队审计应用区块链技术面临的机遇、挑战及推进策略

区块链技术是一种融数据库技术、计算机科学、网络技术、数学及密码学等为一体的现代信息技术，是未来信息化发展的核心技术之一，具有去中心化、公开透明、不易篡改及开源共治等特点。军队审计要坚定不移地贯彻科技强审战略，加强审计信息化建设，将大数据、区块链等现代信息技术与审计业务深度融合，大力推行在线审计、联网审计，促进审计力向保障力和战斗力聚焦。本文在系统阐述区块链技术给军队审计在控制审计风险、提高工作效率、实现审计全覆盖等方面带来机遇的同时，分析了可能面临的应用意识不足、应用经验不足、应用安全存在隐患、应用法规缺乏等挑战，在此基础上提出了区块链技术应用的推进策略，以期更好地推动军队审计信息化的进程。     

基于SNMP的局域网用户地址管理

对当前局域网管理中普遍存在的用户地址管理问题进行了分析 ,重点对利用SNMP协议实现地址管理进行了深入的研究 ,设计出用户地址管理的体系结构 ,给出了完整的基于LINUX系统的局域网用户地址管理解决方案 ,较好地解决了用户地址盗用、用户信息跟踪等网络用户管理问题     

不可压缩橡胶体的静态性能分析

运用虚功原理和超弹理论，采用逐步递增载荷和平衡迭代方法，得到了超弹性体在大变形时的有限元平衡方程式，建立了适用于分析非线性材料（如橡胶体）的有限元方法，并给出了通过测试超弹材料３种变形模式所得到的数据来确定Ｍｏｏｎｅｙ－Ｒｉｖｌｉｎ常数的方法．对不可压缩橡胶体在受压作用下的变形进行了有限元计算．     

Modern liberal wars,illiberal allies,and peace as the failure of policy

ABSTRACT

The post-Cold War period nearly up to the present has been characterised as the age of liberal wars, yet key facets of the liberal guidance of war remain under appreciated. This article seeks to address this wider gap with regard to the particular concern of war termination and the fulfilment or failure of policy. First, it develops characterisations of liberal wars based on the existing literature, identifying three broad types through consideration of context—defensive versus offensive—and of political and strategic agency, particularly regarding the motives for and intents of action. Three types of liberal wars result: defensive liberal wars, offensive liberal wars with humanitarian motive and geopolitical intent, and offensive liberal wars with geopolitical motive and humanitarian intent. The article then presents one exemplary case for each liberal war with an emphasis on how liberal strategy required an illiberal ally and that ally's effect on the subsequent peace.