水下应用栅格翼动态展开参数预示方法

基于水下应用栅格翼动态展开过程动力学模型,根据展开特征角度定常水动力方法,拟合获得展开全程受到的流体力矩,并引入考虑相对速度影响的修正因子,形成水下应用栅格翼动态展开过程参数工程预示方法,以典型展开时序点航行体运动参数为设计输入,对栅格翼展开过程运动参数进行预示。通过与水下应用栅格翼非定常流场仿真计算数据以及水下航行体弹射试验数据对比,验证了上述预示方法的正确性及工程适用性,为水下应用栅格翼方案设计的优化及展开不同步性分析提供设计参考。     

Comparison of rank aggregation methods based on inherent ability

Ranking is a common task for selecting and evaluating alternatives. In the past few decades, combining rankings results from various sources into a consensus ranking has become an increasingly active research topic. In this study, we focus on the evaluation of rank aggregation methods. We first develop an experimental data generation method, which can provide ground truth ranking for alternatives based on their “inherent ability.” This experimental data generation method can generate the required individual synthetic rankings with adjustable accuracy and length. We propose characterizing the effectiveness of rank aggregation methods by calculating the Kendall tau distance between the aggregated ranking and the ground truth ranking. We then compare four classical rank aggregation methods and present some useful findings on the relative performances of the four methods. The results reveal that both the accuracy and length of individual rankings have a remarkable effect on the comparison results between rank aggregation methods. Our methods and results may be helpful to both researchers and decision‐makers.     

The joint signature of coherent systems

We investigate the joint signature of $m$ coherent systems, under the assumption that the components have independent and identically distributed lifetimes. The joint signature, for a particular ordering of failure times, is an $m$‐dimensional matrix depending solely on the composition of the systems and independent of the underlying distribution function of the component lifetimes. The elements of the $m$‐dimensional matrix are formulated based on the joint signatures of numerous series of parallel systems. The number of the joint signatures involved is an exponential function of the number of the minimal cut sets of each original system and may, therefore, be significantly large. We prove that although this number is typically large, a great number of the joint signatures are repeated, or removed by negative signs. We determine the maximum number of different joint signatures based on the number of systems and components. It is independent of the number of the minimal cut sets of each system and is polynomial in the number of components. Moreover, we consider all permutations of failure times and demonstrate that the results for one permutation can be of use for the others. Our theorems are applied to various examples. The main conclusion is that the joint signature can be computed much faster than expected.     

Satellite constellation design for forest fire monitoring via a stochastic programing approach

There is significant value in the data collected by satellites during and after a natural disaster. The current operating paradigm in practice is for satellites to passively collect data when they happen to fly over a disaster location. Conversely, this article considers the alternative approach of actively maneuvering satellites to fly directly overhead of the disaster site on a routine basis. Toward this end, we seek to compute a satellite constellation design that minimizes the expected maneuver costs for monitoring an unknown forest fire. In this article, we present a 2‐stage stochastic programing model for this problem as well as a accelerated L‐shaped decomposition approach. A comparison between our approach and the current operating paradigm indicates that our solution provides longer duration data collections and a greater number of data collections. Analysis also shows that our proposed solution is robust over a wide array of scenarios.     

数字化单兵系统作战效能评估

分析了新型数字化单兵系统的功能特点,建立了数字化单兵系统作战效能评估的指标体系,提出一致性排序法与模糊综合评价法相结合的评估方法,采用一致性排序法确定了指标权重,运用模糊综合评价理论对系统效能进行了评估,为数字化单兵系统的应用实践和功能改进提供了理论支持。     

基于改进熵值法的装备维修保障能力灰色评估

装备维修保障能力评估的准确度直接影响到装备的保障效能。在评估中,指标权重的确定尤为重要。针对熵值法赋权中单一指标权重过大,影响评估结果的问题,借鉴AHP赋权法,构建基于指标信息熵的判断矩阵来求解权重,克服了熵值法单一指标权重可能过大的问题。最后采用灰色系统理论对装备的维修保障能力进行了评估,通过分析评估结果,验证了该方法的正确性。     

基于突防任务的军机生存能力幂指数评估方法

军机生存能力是军机作战效能的重要指标,为定量化研究影响军机生存能力的相关因素,采用幂指数法与层次分析法相结合的方法构建军机生存能力评估模型,为解决军机生存能力指数评估问题提供了一种新的方法。     

Parametric inference for component distributions from lifetimes of systems with dependent components

In system reliability analysis, for an n ‐component system, the estimation of the performance of the components in the system is not straightforward in practice, especially when the components are dependent. Here, by assuming the n components in the system to be identically distributed with a common distribution belonging to a scale‐family and the dependence structure between the components being known, we discuss the estimation of the lifetime distributions of the components in the system based on the lifetimes of systems with the same structure. We develop a general framework for inference on the scale parameter of the component lifetime distribution. Specifically, the method of moments estimator (MME) and the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) are derived for the scale parameter, and the conditions for the existence of the MLE are also discussed. The asymptotic confidence intervals for the scale parameter are also developed based on the MME and the MLE. General simulation procedures for the system lifetime under this model are described. Finally, some examples of two‐ and three‐component systems are presented to illustrate all the inferential procedures developed here. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012     

基于内角流动的板式表面张力贮箱内推进剂流动过程研究

分析了在微重力环境下,板式表面张力贮箱内推进剂的流动和定位过程.利用VOF方法对贮箱内推进剂的重定位过程进行了仿真计算,验证了贮箱及PMD的推进剂管理性能.用数学方法分析了液体在导流板的内角流动,用解析计算的方法求出流动过程中液面的长度,并和仿真计算结果进行了对比.因为实际的贮箱模型比较复杂,仿真计算结果和理论计算结果存在一定的误差,但其流动趋势保持一致.本文的工作能够为内角流动的研究提供有益的参考.     

基于子协方差阵加权的三星时差定位数据综合

为提高三星时差定位系统的定位精度,需要将系统在不同时间得到的多个定位估计结果进行统计综合。本文提出了一种基于子协方差阵加权的定位数据综合算法。该算法根据单点定位精度分析结果,先利用定位误差协方差的二维子阵的逆矩阵作为权矩阵,通过加权最小二乘估计目标空间三维坐标位置中的其中两维,再利用WGS-84地球模型求解另一维坐标。仿真实验表明,相比已有算法,所提新算法可以明显提高定位精度。