脉冲防暴水炮非淹没气体射流的RANS和LES模拟

为提高脉冲防暴水炮刺激剂的雾化水平,必须提高射流的出口速度和改善雾化带形状,而这些因素与管内非淹没气体射流的湍流流场息息相关。为准确描述湍流分布和水柱加速过程,对脉冲防暴水炮的非淹没气体射流进行了RANS和LES模拟。结果表示LES模型较RANS的标准k-ε模型能更为精确地描述湍流分布和管内非淹没气体射流速度的各向异性。但两者对于水柱加速过程的描述基本一致,只是由于LES模型的气液参混较为充分,气液速度相差较小,而可能导致两模型气体在喷口膨胀规律的异同。LES模型气液界面复杂,是用于研究管内气液流型的理想方法。该方法为三维模拟打下了较好的基础,所得结果可以作为管外射流研究的初始条件。     

柴油机模糊控制设计仿真与分析

针对柴油机难以采用常规PID控制的问题,应用模糊控制理论,对柴油机进行了模糊控制器的设计,在建立的模拟仿真系统上,进行了模糊控制下的柴油机的空载自由加速过程的模拟,并与PID控制下相同过程的速度、扭矩、燃油量随时间变化曲线进行了比较和分析。结果表明：与常规PID控制相比,模糊控制的效果满足要求,能解决柴油机的复杂控制问题。     

Numerical investigation on cooling performance of filter in a pyrotechnic gas generator

As a key part of the pyrotechnic gas generator,the filter not only removes the particulate matter but also cools the hot gas to a safe level.This paper aims to improve the understanding of the basic heat and flow phenomenon in the gas generator.The pyrotechnic gas generator is modelling by a simplified filter structure with fiber arrays.A finite-volume model of the heat and fluid flow is proposed to simulate the detailed multi-dimensional flow and energy conversion behaviors.Several verification results are in good agreement with data in different references.Simulation results demonstrate that the filter can not only absorb heat from the gas but also cause the high intensity enhancement of the heat transfer.The per-formance difference between inline and staggered arrays is also discussed.The findings of the study put a further prediction tool for the understanding and design of the filter system with fibers.     

Investigation on the process parameters of TIG-welded aluminum alloy through mechanical and microstructural characterization

Multi-pass TIG welding was conducted on plates (15×300×180 mm3) of aluminum alloy Al-5083 that usually serves as the component material in structural applications such as cryogenics and chemical processing industries. Porosity formation and solidification cracking are the most common defects when TIG welding Al-5083 alloy, which is sensitive to the welding heat input. In the experiment, the heat input was varied from 0.89 kJ/mm to 5 kJ/mm designed by the combination of welding torch travel speed and welding current. Tensile, micro-Vicker hardness and Charpy impact tests were executed to witness the impetus response of heat input on the mechanical properties of the joints. Radiographic inspection was performed to assess the joint's quality and welding defects. The results show that all the specimens displayed inferior mechanical properties as compared to the base alloy. It was established that porosity was progressively abridged by the increase of heat input. The results also clinched that the use of me-dium heat input (1-2 kJ/mm) offered the best mechanical properties by eradicating welding defects, in which only about 18.26% of strength was lost. The yield strength of all the welded specimens remained unaffected indicated no influence of heat input. Partially melted zone (PMZ) width also affected by heat input, which became widened with the increase of heat input. The grain size of PMZ was found to be coarser than the respective grain size in the fusion zone. Charpy impact testing revealed that the absorbed energy by low heat input specimen (welded at high speed) was greater than that of high heat input (welded at low speed) because of low porosity and the formation of equiaxed grains which induce better impact toughness. Cryogenic (-196 C) impact testing was also performed and the results corroborate that impact properties under the cryogenic environment revealed no appreciable change after welding at designated heat input. Finally, Macro and micro fractured surfaces of tensile and impact specimens were analyzed using Stereo and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), which have supported the experimental findings.     

高温燃气与不同构型的再生冷却面板对流传热的数值模拟

对高温燃气与带有平行冷却通道的再生冷却面板之间的三维耦合传热开展了数值研究,其中冷却通道内冷却剂为超临界压力煤油,并结合理论分析探讨了冷却面板构型对耦合传热的影响。结果表明:随燃气侧壁厚以及冷却通道宽度和高度的增大,燃气侧壁面温度升高,热流密度降低。研究还发现:冷却通道不同壁面传递给煤油的热量占比几乎不随燃气侧壁厚变化,但随冷却通道宽度和高度的改变而变化。     

浅析加氢精制喷气燃料银片腐蚀的影响因素

硫化氢和元素硫是直接造成加氢精制生产过程中银片腐蚀不合格的物质.从生产环节入手,对汽提效果、非计划停工、原料性质、水、生产设备对3号喷气燃料银片腐蚀的影响进行了分析,并对生产中存在的问题提出了用精制油代替粗汽油作冷回流介质,用氢气代替水蒸气作汽提介质等整改措施.     

一起管道燃气火灾爆炸事故爆炸点形成原因探讨

通过对一起居民住宅管道燃气泄漏火灾爆炸事故现场破坏程度的勘查,分析了在管道燃气泄漏后,由于燃气化学组分和理化性质的不同,室内环境因素影响扩散条件的不同,不同浓度的爆炸性混合气体在不同的部位出现了不同的形成过程,从理论上论证了管道燃气的泄漏点不一定就是中心爆炸点的火灾现场现象。     

气体样品红外吸收系数测定方法研究

对气体样品红外光谱吸收系数的测定方法进行了探讨,包括气体样品的发生定量、浓度和吸收系数的测定与计算．对两类毒剂的模拟剂DMMP等样品的吸收系数进行了测定,并对测试结果进行了分析与讨论．     

Boltzmann 方程求解方法综述

本文论述了Ｂｏｌｔｚｍａｎｎ方程的求解方法，在分析了各类求解方法的优缺点之后指出目前Ｍｏｎｔｅ－Ｃａｒｌｏ直接模拟方法是解决稀薄气体动力学问题的最佳方法。     

发动机运动件质量对燃油消耗率影响的分析

发展了一个发动机运动件质量对燃油消耗率影响的分析公式,进行了实例计算。在发动机设计阶段和发动机实际使用中,可以应用这个公式,估计运动件质量变化所引起的比油耗的相对变化。