日本政府出入境管理政策新动态

近年来,日本国内的犯罪现象急剧增加,其中滞留在日本的外国人犯罪现象增加是主要原因之一。对此日本政府采取紧急措施,即在入境管理上加强防范,通过确立新的出入境管理体制,整备出入境环境,确立外国人居留信息系统,加强揭发非法居留者和快速顺利地强制出境等手段,以求用五年时间改变社会治安危机的现状。     

提高消防经费使用效益之管见

当前,我国消防经费的规模随着消防事业的迅速发展正日益扩大。如何加强消防经费的管理,实现有限的经费效益最大化,确保消防部队的发展和建设显得尤为重要。通过分析现阶段消防经费管理和使用中存在的一些普遍问题,就提高消防部队经费使用效益问题,谈了几点意见。     

浅谈部门预算中项目预算的管理

本文就部门预算的基本原则、编制方法进行了深入的论述,对部门预算中存在的问题做了深入的分析,并就这些问题的解决做了系统的论述。     

基层消防监督管理面临的困境及应对策略

消防工作在社会的管理工作中发挥着积极地推动作用.分析了基层消防监督管理工作中存在的的问题和困难,提出建立政府消防联动机构、创新工作模式、加强自我素质提高的应对策略.     

Problem of the reference height of the projectile trajectory as a reduced meteo-ballistic weighting factor

This paper deals with the issue of preparation of the aiming angles with the use of tabular firing tables and needed determination of the ballistic elements μ_B (ballistic wind w_B, w_xB, w_ZB, ballistic (virtual) temperature τ_B, ballistic density ρ_B) from the standardized met messages. The weighting factors are used for the calculation of ballistic elements μ_B that are incorporated into the trajectory calculations characteristics of weapon and ammunition. Two different methodologies practically used in the praxis are analysed and compared. For the comparison of the two methodologies the reference height of trajectory determined from the weighting factor functions is employed. On the basis of the analyses conducted, the potential for further increase in accuracy of these aiming angles preparation methods is pointed out.     

NEW TERRORISM

New or contemporary international terrorism associated with Islamic fundamentalism and the struggle against Zionism and American interests is a recent phenomenon in Kenya, different to that experienced during the struggle against colonialism. Many explanations have been offered as to why Kenya is being targeted, but have not sufficiently explored its close relationship with the West—especially Britain and the United States, the perceived connection between Israel and the former Presidency of Daniel Arap Moi, domestic forces and government policy. Externally the most important explanations for the increase in regional terrorism are the three waves of global terrorism since 1967, the most recent and significant of which is associated with Osama bin Laden and the Palestinian Intifada. These events reverberated in the region, Sudan and Somalia in particular, but also internally. Both internal and external attribution factors explain the resurgence of new terrorism in Africa. In the case of Kenya, terrorist attacks are associated with the country's internal domestic processes and a naïve approach to broader international issues.     

Does counterterrorism spending reduce the incidence and lethality of terrorism? A quantitative analysis of 34 countries

Following the 11 September 2001 attacks, the US government increased its counterterrorism (CT) funding and created several Federal Agencies such as the Department of Homeland Security; Transportation Security Administration; and National Counterterrorism Center. Similarly, the 7 July 2005, London bombings also compelled the British government to increase its CT funding. These examples illustrate a phenomenon that when states experience terrorism, they dramatically increase public safety spending in order to reduce or eliminate the incidents of and casualties resulting from acts of terror. Using statistical data collected from 34 countries covering nine years, this article examines recent CT spending increases. Critically, the authors explore whether recent public safety expenditures can measurably reduce the number of domestic and international terrorist attacks. The implications of their findings should be salient for policy-makers’ assessments of their countries’ current CT strategies and policies concerning their respective Intelligence and Security Communities.     

All Counterinsurgency is Local: Counterinsurgency and Rebel Legitimacy

Abstract

Although the concept of legitimacy is central to Western counterinsurgency theory, most discourse in this area black-boxes the concept. It hence remains under-specified in many discussions of counterinsurgency. Fortunately, recent research on rebel governance and legitimacy contributes to our understanding of the problems faced by counterinsurgents who want to boost state legitimacy while undermining that of the rebels. Taken together, this research illustrates that a rational choice approach to legitimacy is simplistic; that micro-level factors ultimately drive legitimacy dynamics; and that both cooption of existing legitimate local elites and their replacement from the top–down is unlikely to succeed. Western counterinsurgency doctrine has failed to grasp the difficulties this poses for it.     

浅析当前美国国防预算改革

美国是世界军费最高的国家,其国防预算的庞大规模导致管理过程异常复杂.这种复杂性也带来了种种问题,并催生了改革的需求.但由于国内外种种因素的制约,美国的国防预算改革进展缓慢.在美国预算赤字日益严重和外交政策愈来愈依赖军事力量的情况下,美国的国防预算改革迫在眉睫.本文系统梳理了美国国防预算制定与实施中的问题,包括资源与战略...