气氧甲烷溅板式层板喷注器燃烧特性试验分析

采用试验方法分别对单喷嘴和多喷嘴溅板式层板喷注器燃烧特性进行研究,考察不同工况下喷注器面板热载情况,得到不同混合比、不同结构参数对燃烧室压力分布和燃烧效率的影响规律。试验结果表明:混合比对多喷嘴喷注器燃烧室压力影响不大,但对燃烧效率有较大影响。对于单喷嘴喷注器,燃烧效率随着混合比的增加而增高。相同条件下,增大扩张角及出口层宽度有利于提高喷注器燃烧效率,但会引起喷注面板热载增大,各喷注器喷注面板均产生不同程度的变形或失效。该结果对于正确指导层板式喷注器的设计以及筛选喷注器结构具有重要意义。     

Theoretical and numerical simulation study on jet formation and penetration of different liner structures driven by electromagnetic pressure

The use of a shaped liner driven by electromagnetic force is a new means of forming jets. To study the mechanism of jet formation driven by electromagnetic force, we considered the current skin effect and the characteristics of electromagnetic loading and established a coupling model of"Electric—Magnetic—Force"and the theoretical model of jet formation under electromagnetic force. The jet formation and penetration of conical and trumpet liners have been calculated. Then, a numerical simulation of liner collapse under electromagnetic force, jet generation, and the stretching motion were performed using an ANSYS multiphysics processor. The calculated jet velocity, jet shape, and depth of penetration were consistent with the experimental results, with a relative error of less than 10％. In addition, we calculated the jet formation of different curvature trumpet liners driven by the same loading condition and ob-tained the influence rule of the curvature of the liner on jet formation. Results show that the theoretical model and the ANSYS multiphysics numerical method can effectively calculate the jet formation of liners driven by electromagnetic force, and in a certain range, the greater the curvature of the liner is, the greater the jet velocity is.     

Chain damage effects of multi-spaced plates by reactive jet impact

Chain damage is a new phenomenon that occurs when a reactive jet impacts and penetrates multi-spaced plates.The reactive jet produces mechanical perforations on the spaced plates by its kinetic energy(KE),and then results in unusual chain rupturing effects and excessive structural damage on the spaced plates by its deflagration reaction.In the present study,the chain damage behavior is initially demonstrated by experiments.The reactive liners,composed of 26 wt％Al and 74 wt％PTFE,are fabricated through a pressing and sintering process.Three reactive liner thicknesses of 0.08 CD,0.10 CD and 0.12 CD(charge diameter)are chosen to carry out the chain damage experiments.The results show a chain rupturing phenomenon caused by reactive jet.The constant reaction delay time and the different penetration velocities of reactive jets from liners with different thicknesses result in the variation of the deflagration position,which consequently determines the number of ruptured plates behind the armor.Then,the finite-element code AUTODYN-3D has been used to simulate the kinetic energy only-induced rupturing effects on plates,based on the mechanism of behind armor debris(BAD).The significant discrepancies between simulations and experiments indicate that one enhanced damage mechanism,the behind armor blast(BAB),has acted on the ruptured plates.Finally,a theoretical model is used to consider the BAB-induced enhancement,and the analysis shows that the rupturing area on aluminum plates depends strongly upon the KE only-induced pre-perforations,the mass of reactive materials,and the thickness of plates.     

Investigate the effects of magnetic fields on the penetration ability of a shaped charge jet at different standoffs

The influence of a magnetic field on the stability of a shaped charge jet is experimentally investigated at standoffs of 490, 650 and 800 mm. The experimental results without and with the magnetic field are compared in terms of the shaped charge jet form, stability and penetration ability. A theoretical model based on one-dimension fluid dynamics is then developed to assess the depth of penetration of the shaped charge at those three standoffs and magnetic conditions. The results show that the penetration capability can be enhanced in more than 70% by the magnetic field. The theoretical calculations are compared with the experimental results with reasonably good correlation. In addition, the parameters introduced in the theory are discussed together with the experiments at three standoffs studied.     

Optimization and mediated bartering models for ground delay programs

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the airline community within the United States have adopted a new paradigm for air traffic flow management, called Collaborative Decision Making (CDM). A principal goal of CDM is shared decision‐making responsibility between the FAA and airlines, so as to increase airline control over decisions that involve economic tradeoffs. So far, CDM has primarily led to enhancements in the implementation of Ground Delay Programs, by changing procedures for allocating slots to airlines and exchanging slots between airlines. In this paper, we discuss how these procedures may be formalized through appropriately defined optimization models. In addition, we describe how inter‐airline slot exchanges may be viewed as a bartering process, in which each “round” of bartering requires the solution of an optimization problem. We compare the resulting optimization problem with the current procedure for exchanging slots and discuss possibilities for increased decision‐making capabilities by the airlines. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

架构和模式在水声信息流仿真软件中的应用

水声信息流仿真软件系统涉及多目标、多声纳以及多变的海洋环境.仿真软件的复用性是现代软件工程的重要性能指标.针对系统开放性的特点,在领域分析模型的基础上,采用了面向对象方法设计仿真软件模型.为了满足软件多层次复用的需求,应用软件架构技术和设计模式设计仿真软件.根据水声信息流仿真软件需求,系统划分为四层结构;按功能,层又可分解为包.可复用的设计模式用于设计不同层和包中类之间的关系.提出的仿真软件模型具有良好的可扩充性与可复用性.     

业务流程建模中流程校验的研究与实现

随着计算机网络技术的迅速发展,企业的信息化程度不断提高,以自动化流程为核心理念的工作流管理系统应用越来越普及,对工作流管理系统的可靠性和正确性要求也越来越高.提出了一种工作流建模时的验证方法:在工作流管理系统的工作流建模环境中加入流程验证模块,对建模过程中可能产生的错误进行验证,进而建立简洁实用的流程;通过分析流程中的异常和失败的类型,增强系统的纠错能力,减少引擎处理的压力;对有着特殊应用的建模过程,能够方便地添加自定义的验证条件,为流程的正确运行提供有效的保障;向基于规则化的工作流系统提供建模完整性的方案,获得系统工作流的稳健性.     

基于信息流的中枢疲劳脑电分析

为充分利用多导脑电信息,首次提出运用有向传递函数（DTF）方法,对不同中枢疲劳状态下导联间信息流的强度和方向的变化进行分析。研究结果表明,脑电功能耦合中额一到一顶方向的信息流是大脑皮层联系的一个固有特征,可以有效地刻画安静清醒和疲劳两个状态,长时间脑力劳动任务引起中枢疲劳的增加,进而导致整个频率段占优势的信息流的方向发生了反转,信息流占优势的方向从实验前的顶一到一额方向,转变为实验后的额一到一顶方向。     

Analysis on damage characteristics and detonation performance of solid rocket engine charge subjected to jet

To further explore the damage characteristics and impact response of the shaped charge to the solid rocket engine (SRE) in storage or transportation, protective armor was designed and the shelled charges model (SCM)/SRE with protective armor impacting by shaped charge tests were conducted. Air overpressures at 5 locations and axial acceleration caused by the explosion were measured, and the experimental results were compared with two air overpressure curves of propellant detonation obtained by related scholars. Afterwards, the finite element software AUTODYN was used to simulate the SCM impacted process and SRE detonation results. The penetration process and the formation cause of damage were analyzed. The detonation performance of TNT, reference propellant, and the propellant used in this experiment was compared. The axial acceleration caused by the explosion was also analyzed. By comprehensive comparison, the energy released by the detonation of this propellant is larger, and the HMX or Al particles contained in this propellant are more than the reference propellant, with a TNT equivalent of 1.168–1.196. Finally, advanced protection armor suggestions were proposed based on the theory of woven fabric rubber composite armor (WFRCA).     

N2O/C7H8单喷嘴燃气发生器试验研究

以基于N2O/C7H8的燃烧驱动混合型气动CO2激光器点火试验为研究背景,设计了液态N2O供应系统及N2O/C7H8单喷嘴燃气发生器.对液态N2O供应系统、N2O/C7H8的点火及燃烧性能进行了研究.试验结果表明:设计的N2O供应系统能够实现液态N2O的稳定供应;在设定的时序下,两个设计工况(余氧系数分别为0.3和0....