Optimizing natural gas pipeline transmission with nonuniform elevation: A new initialization approach

In this paper, we develop an iterative piecewise linear approximation approach with a novel initialization method to solve natural gas pipeline transmission problems with the nonuniform network elevation. Previous approaches, such as energy minimization methods, cannot be applied to solve problems with the nonuniform network elevation because they exclude pressure range constraints, and thus provide solutions far from optimum. We propose a new initialization model that considers pressure range constraints and improves the optimality of the solutions and the computational efficiency. Furthermore, we extend the energy minimization methods and provide the necessary conditions under which the extended methods operate in networks with the nonuniform elevation. We test the performances of the methods with previously reported pipeline networks from the literature, with the open data set GasLib, and with our industrial collaborator. The initialization approach is shown to be more efficient than the method with fixed initial breakpoints. The newly proposed initialization approach generates solutions with a higher accuracy than the extended energy minimization methods, especially in large‐size networks. The proposed method has been applied to natural gas transmission planning by the China National Petroleum Corporation and has brought a direct profit increase of 330 million U.S. dollars in 2015‐2017.     

靶场光学测量数据异方差性检验及修正

为了避免靶场光学测量数据异方差性导致的普通最小二乘估计非有效、显著性检验失去意义和模型的预测失效问题,采用了图形分析、Goldfeld-Quandt和Breusch Pagan Godfrey方法检验光学测量数据异方差性,并针对光学测量数据的异方差性提出分段加权最小二乘修正的方法。通过理论分析,对某设备方位角测量数据进行实验验证,取得了残差平方数据、G-Q检验统计数据、BPG检验统计数据和分段加权最小二乘BPG统计数据。结果表明应用图形分析法对光学测量数据进行异方差性检验最直观和简捷,适合存在明显异方差性的检验,G-Q检验法不适用光学测量数据的异方差性检验,BPG检验理论完整且适合光学测量数据的异方差性检验,分段加权最小二乘方法有效合理,消除了异方差性对回归模型的影响。     

视频监视前景图像估计的盲源提取方法

在视频图像运动检测的背景消减方法中，场景图像或帧可建模为前景图像和背景图像的叠加或线性混合。然而，实际中图像的背景和前景往往相关，常用的主成分分析和独立分量分析等方法难以实现准确提取。为此，将视频图像的前景提取建模为盲源提取问题，提出了一种基于均方交叉预测误差的盲源提取方法，可以从相关的源视频图像中提取期望的前景图像，并将该方法扩展应用于基于基本模型和特征背景模型的背景消减方案中。基于人工和实际视频的实验验证了盲源提取背景消减方法的可行性和有效性。     

高非线性度弹性S盒的构造

弹性S盒可应用于容错分布计算,量子密码密钥分配和流密码中伪随机序列产生.基于线性码和高非线性度的S盒,给出了一种构造具有高非线性度,且代数次数大于给定值的弹性S盒的方法.对于给定参数的线性码,构造的弹性S盒的非线性度是可以计算的.结果表明所构造的函数的非线性度优于已有的结果.     

A worst‐case formulation for constrained ranking and selection with input uncertainty

In this research, we consider robust simulation optimization with stochastic constraints. In particular, we focus on the ranking and selection problem in which the computing time is sufficient to evaluate all the designs (solutions) under consideration. Given a fixed simulation budget, we aim at maximizing the probability of correct selection (PCS) for the best feasible design, where the objective and constraint measures are assessed by their worst‐case performances. To simplify the complexity of PCS, we develop an approximated probability measure and derive the asymptotic optimality condition (optimality condition as the simulation budget goes to infinity) of the resulting problem. A sequential selection procedure is then designed within the optimal computing budget allocation framework. The high efficiency of the proposed procedure is tested via a number of numerical examples. In addition, we provide some useful insights into the efficiency of a budget allocation procedure.     

分段供电切换传感器的在线故障诊断方法

分段供电切换传感器是多段直线电机控制系统的重要部件。针对其故障检测与定位的问题,提出一种切换传感器故障的在线诊断方法。对采集的传感器信号数据进行压缩,以提高计算的效率;研究切换传感器信号根据次级运动的变化规律,定义标准信号集合;给出计算传感信号差异度的方法,作为分析信号相似程度的量化指标;将问题表示为基于有向图的搜索问题,并根据问题的特点缩小搜索的范围;由此提出搜索算法,可以根据测量的传感信号时序估计传感系统的状态变迁过程;给出故障定位流程,利用算法估计的结果,根据系统标准信号集合进行故障定位。为了说明算法与预期结果的一致性,给出3个命题并进行证明;通过实验验证了故障诊断方法的有效性。     

基于一元线性回归分析的舵机故障诊断算法

针对舵机的卡死、松浮和输出偏差等故障采用基于模型的方法检测.故障诊断分两步进行,首先采用等价空间法来检测是否发生故障,在检测到故障的基础上引入一元线性回归分析对故障的性质和程度进行估计,并给出了根据舵机输入输出特性选取估计参数的方法.仿真结果表明,所采用故障诊断算法的实时性、准确性较好,具有一定的工程实用价值.     

应用全站仪综合测量火炮偏离角及俯仰半径

提出一种应用全站仪进行火炮偏离角和俯仰半径的综合测量方法。应用最小二乘原理拟合出火炮俯仰半径,然后解算出火炮偏离角,并用Monte Carlo方法分析了测量结果的精度。结果表明:全站仪高低角和火炮仰角的测量精度均对火炮偏离角和俯仰半径的测量结果无明显影响;全站仪测距精度对火炮俯仰半径测量结果的影响较大;全站仪水平角测量精度对火炮偏离角测量结果的影响明显。该方法在现场操作时需要重点关注全站仪水平观测角和测距的检测精度。     

图像形变中基于MLS的光滑纹理映射技术

提出了一种基于移动最小二乘的二次拟合多项式纹理映射模型.该模型主要应用于使用控制网格的图像形变技术.图像中的物体被嵌入一个控制网格,并且对控制网格进行形变操作.在控制网格上应用纹理映射,以绘制形变后的物体.在纹理映射时通过将控制网格顶点在形变前后的位移向量作为拟合函数值,采用移动最小二乘方法进行拟合得到映射所使用的二次函数.该方法能够明显改善图像形变后的光滑性,实现逼真、自然的图像形变.     

一种固定单站对运动辐射源的无源定位跟踪算法

首先提出了一种测量目标辐射源脉冲到达时间和到达方向实现固定单站对运动辐射源进行无源定位的算法,该算法克服了EKF(扩展卡尔曼滤波)算法的一些缺点。另外给出了两种将该算法和卡尔曼滤波算法结合的改进方法,可以获得更优的定位效果。计算机仿真结果证明了上述两种方法是正确的。