基于仿真推演的导弹作战实验框架分析与设计

针对导弹武器论证设计高成本、高复杂度的问题，本文梳理了导弹作战实验设计服务的多种功能需求，阐述了导弹作战实验设计的数理方法；为构建具有较好柔性的导弹作战实验仿真框架，针对导弹系统多个性能指标，辨析了各类导弹作战实验仿真变量；针对作战实验中的环境和装备特性，梳理了导弹作战实验模型体系，提出了仿真新模型开发框架；结合导弹作战实验案例，构建了实验设计优化方法，提出了作战实验检验设计方案；从运行实验出发，阐述了设定作战想定、建立控制机制、开展结果分析等仿真环节的具体设计。通过这些工作，形成了一种支撑导弹作战实验的柔性仿真框架，为进一步开展基于仿真推演的导弹作战实验提供参考。     

Quality control chart design under Jidoka

We consider design of control charts in the presence of machine stoppages that are exogenously imposed (as under jidoka practices). Each stoppage creates an opportunity for inspection/repair at reduced cost. We first model a single machine facing opportunities arriving according to a Poisson process, develop the expressions for its operating characteristics and construct the optimization problem for economic design of a control chart. We, then, consider the multiple machine setting where individual machine stoppages may create inspection/repair opportunities for other machines. We develop exact expressions for the cases when all machines are either opportunity‐takers or not. On the basis of an approximation for the all‐taker case, we then propose an approximate model for the mixed case. In a numerical study, we examine the opportunity taking behavior of machines in both single and multiple machine settings and the impact of such practices on the design of an X – Q C chart. Our findings indicate that incorporating inspection/repair opportunities into QC chart design may provide considerable cost savings. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

Optimizing fishbone aisles for dual‐command operations in a warehouse

Unit‐load warehouses store and retrieve unit‐loads, typically pallets. When storage and retrieval operations are not coordinated, travel is from a pickup and deposit (P&D) point to a pallet location and back again. In some facilities, workers interleave storage and retrieval operations to form a dual‐command cycle. Two new aisle designs proposed by Gue and Meller (“Improving the unit‐load warehouse.” In Progress in Material Handling Research: 2006. Material Handling Industry of America, Charlotte, NC, 2006) use diagonal aisles to reduce the travel distance to a single pallet location by approximately 10 and 20[percnt] for the two designs, respectively. We develop analytical expressions for travel between pallet locations for one of these—the fishbone design. We then compare fishbone warehouses that have been optimized for dual‐command to traditional warehouses that have been optimized in the same manner, and show that an optimal fishbone design reduces dual‐command travel by 10–15%. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 54: 389–403, 2009     

某文化广场性能化防火设计及其关键问题研究

地下空间的广泛开发利用给防火安全带来了很多新的问题，现有的：处方式建筑防火规范严重滞后于现代建筑对消防设计的要求。结合杭州波浪文化广场具体工程设计中存在的问题，利用火灾模拟和火灾安全工程学进行火灾风险评估，借助区域模拟软件CFAST对防火分区火灾蔓延、烟气运动过程进行模拟和定量分析，提出优化设计意见，并在工程设计中得到了应用。     

人员交通类场所人员荷载研究

对人员交通类场所的特点进行了分析，将人员交通类场所归纳为简单通道、复杂通道、候机（车）厅、进出港厅等组件。针对简单通道和进出港厅，采用“人员流量法”和“人员密度法”两种方法计算人员荷载；针对复杂通道，采用空间上分解为流线、时间上分解为阶段的方法计算人员荷载；针对候机（车）厅，按照设计容量确定人员荷载。并给出了一个包括国家铁路、地铁的综合交通枢纽换乘层人员荷载计算的典型案例。     

煤焦化工程火灾危险性及消防设计探析

从焦化工程的工艺流程出发，分析了其火灾危险性，提出了基本消防设计对策，为我国编制出台《煤化工防火设计规范》，从根本上解决煤化工工程在防火设计、建设施工、消防审核和验收中遇到的难题，提供理论依据。     

海洋水下战场态势仿真系统的设计与实现?

在作战仿真领域，由于水下战场环境的特殊性以及水下作战对抗的复杂性，构建具有水下战场实景态势展现以及水下作战对抗演示分析等功能的仿真系统始终是一个难点问题。基于现代海战条件下水下对抗的应用背景，设计实现了海洋水下战场态势仿真系统，给出系统的功能结构、功能流程以及数据处理流程和方案，并对系统的开发部署进行了具体实现，应用情况表明系统能够实现对水下战场实景态势的高精度仿真，可作为海洋水下战场实景态势的演示分析研究平台和水下作战对抗的论证评估工具。     

微纳卫星姿态确定与控制半实物仿真系统设计

航天器姿态控制系统需要特殊的运行环境,在地面很难考核,这给系统可靠性带来一定的风险。针对微纳卫星的特点,设计并研制了一套面向微纳卫星的姿态确定与控制半实物仿真系统。该系统通过数字化模型模拟卫星姿态轨道运动、敏感器模型产生敏感器测量数据、执行器模型生成控制力矩、敏感器模拟器实现通信协议,最终实现姿态控制系统的全系统仿真。这套系统可以接入卫星控制系统回路,实现对姿控系统软件、硬件的考核,同时验证算法的性能。基于该系统,对天拓三号卫星姿控系统进行地面半实物仿真,并对比在轨试验数据,结果表明系统设计合理,仿真结果可信。     

Responses of HFR-LWC beams under close-range blast loadings accompanying membrane action

The load-carrying capacities and failure patterns of reinforced concrete components can be significantly changed by membrane effects. However, limited work has been carried out to investigate the blast resistance of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (HFR-LWC) members accompanying membrane action. This paper presents a theoretical approach to quantitatively depicting the membrane behavior and its contribution on the behavior of HFR-LWC beams under close-range blast loadings, and the suitability of the proposed model is validated by a series of field tests. An improved Single-Degree-of-Freedom (SDOF) model was employed to describe the dynamic responses of beam-like members under blast loadings accompanying membrane action, where the mass-load coefficient is determined according to the nonuniformly distributed load induced by close-range explosion, and the membrane action is characterized by an in-plane (longitudinal) force and a resisting moment. The elasto-plastic and recovery responses of HFR-LWC beams under the combined action of blast load and membrane force were analyzed by the promoted model. A specially built end-constrain clamp was developed to provide membrane action for the beam member when they are subjected to blast load simultaneously. It is demonstrated that the analytical displacement-time histories are in good agreement with experimental results before peak deflections and that the improved SDOF model is an acceptable tool for predicting the behavior of HFR-LWC beams under blast loadings accompanying membrane action.     

嬗变与发展——从装饰艺术到工业设计进程中设计观念的改变

在设计的发展历程中,从手工业文明进入工业化文明,外在环境对设计观念的影响,起着决定的作用.并随着外在物质的变化和人类情感的丰富,使其观念不断的变化和发展.