NATO BENEFITS,BURDENS AND BORDERS: REPLY

This note implements the sensitivity analysis suggested by Sandler and re‐examines the robustness of the concordance between NATO benefits and burdens.     

NATO BENEFITS,BURDENS AND BORDERS: COMMENT

This note refutes criticism raised by Solomon about past tests used to ascertain the concordance between NATO benefits and burdens. In so doing, a case is made for keeping the benefit proxy based on exposed borders. Moreover, a truer sensitivity analysis than that offered by Solomon is suggested.     

How not to pay for the war

As a result of allied subsidy and the influence of sunk costs, the marginal cost of the Gulf War to the US was reduced to negligible size. This result is at variance with the Olson‐Zeckhauser thesis that in an alliance “the small exploit the large.” A game theoretic alternative explanation suggests that the relation between allies resembles the game of Chicken, successfully played by the US. The ability to shift the marginal costs of war in the short term raises questions about the possible underestimation of long term effects.     

基于记忆有理函数的功率放大器行为模型

针对功率放大器的非线性特性及记忆效应,提出了一种基于记忆有理函数的功放行为模型。在传统记忆多项式模型和无记忆有理函数模型基础上,构建记忆有理函数模型,并利用共轭梯度法辨识模型系数,同时比较不同记忆深度和不同非线性阶数下的归一化均方误差,获取最佳记忆深度和非线性阶数。采用多载波的WCDMA信号和MRF6S21140H功放来验证模型的有效性,并与记忆多项式模型、无记忆有理函数模型进行了比较。结果表明,记忆有理函数模型在减少系数数目的同时具有更好的逼近精度。     

超声速转弯流道内迟滞现象的初步研究

采用特征线法,通过预先给定中心线马赫数分布,设计了消波的二维超声速转弯流道。研究了不同反压作用下转弯流道内的激波串结构、壁面沿程静压分布和壁面分离区演化等特征,分析了流道内激波串波结构与反压的关系,发现了激波串波头很难稳定在流道拐点附近。当激波串波头靠近流道拐点时,流场具有双解。流动双解区向单解区演化过程中,伴随有大分离区在上、下壁面之间的迅速转换和激波串结构的快速演化。     

某型发电机可靠性试验系统研究

为了对某型发电机进行可靠性试验,根据试验需求,设计了带能量反馈的试验系统。该系统与发电机输出带纯电阻性负载方案相比,大大节约了试验的耗电量,并利用仿真软件PSCAD/EMTDC建立了试验系统的仿真模型,对系统在不同扰动下的动态特性进行了仿真研究。仿真结果与试验结果相吻合,说明所建试验系统模型的正确性,也得出了该试验系统具有良好的运行稳定性的结论。     

信息集成技术在城市应急联动系统建设中的应用

从城市应急联动系统的需求出发,分析了系统建设中需要重点把握的信息集成共享技术问题、系统集成架构与中间件技术、各部门多层次指挥中心体系的整合问题、安全与保密问题、GIS地理信息系统建设以及城市应急联动系统的建设标准与规范等问题。     

基于重构相空间AD-SVM的短期电力负荷预测

利用重庆市九龙坡区电网2009年7月1日000-10月8日4：00 99 d共2 380个历史电力负荷数据,分析其特点和规律.将构建混沌理论的平均位移（AD）法和支持向量机（SVM）相结合,提出了一种新的短期电力负荷预测模型.通过仿真计算,将结果与神经网络法预测结果进行对比,可得新方法能较好反应数据变化趋势,并且具备较好的拟合能力,能够提高负荷预测精度.在实际短期电力负荷预测中,可优先选用平均位移法与支持向量机相结合的新方法.     

Burning characteristics of microcellular combustible objects

Microcellular combustible objects for application of combustible case, caseless ammunition or combustible detonator-holding tubes are fabricated through one-step foaming process, in which supercritical CO₂ is used as foaming agent. The formulations consist of inert polymer binder and ultra fine RDX. For the inner porous structures of microcellular combustible objects, the cell sizes present a unimodal or bimodal distribution by adjusting the foaming conditions. Closed bomb test is to investigate the influence of both porous structure style and RDX content on burning behavior. The sample with bimodal distribution of cell sizes burns faster than that with unimodal distribution, and the concentration of RDX can influence the burning characteristics in a positive manner. In addition, the translation of laminar burning to convective burning is determined by burning rate versus pressure curves of samples at two different loading densities, and the resulting transition pressure is 30 MPa. Moreover, the samples with bigger sample size present higher burning rate, resulting in providing deeper convective depth. Dynamic vivacity of samples is also studied. The results show that the vivacity increases with RDX content and varies with inner structure.     

超声速转弯流道内的迟滞现象

采用特征线法,通过预先给定中心线马赫数分布,设计了消波的二维超声速转弯流道。研究了不同反压作用下转弯流道内的激波串结构、壁面沿程静压分布和壁面分离区演化等特征,分析了流道内激波串波结构与反压的关系,发现了激波串波头很难稳定在流道拐点附近。当激波串波头靠近流道拐点时,流场具有双解。流动双解区向单解区演化过程中,伴随有大分离区在上、下壁面之间的迅速转换和激波串结构的快速演化。