The limits of technocracy and local encounters: The European Union and peacebuilding

ABSTRACT

This article is the conclusion to a special issue that examines the European Union (EU), peacebuilding, and “the local.” It argues that technocracy—particularly EU technocracy—shapes the extent to which local actors can hope to achieve ownership of externally funded and directed peace support projects and programs. Although some actors within the EU have worked hard to push localization agendas, a number of technocracy linked factors come together to limit the extent to which the EU can truly connect with the local level in its peace support activities. While the EU and other international actors have invested heavily into capacity building in conflict-affected contexts, the EU’s own capacity has not necessarily been built to address the scalar problem of accessing the local in ways that are meaningful.     

目标区域局部特征和局部图像质量相结合的激光干扰效果评估

为客观描述光电成像系统激光干扰效果,提出目标区域局部特征和图像质量相结合的干扰效果评估算法。图像的局部特征用特征点描述,图像质量用结构相似度指数描述。该算法利用特征点匹配算法确定场景图像中的目标区域,计算干扰前后目标区域内特征点数量的变化、干扰后目标区域内未饱和面积所占的比重以及目标区域内图像的结构相似度指数,并将上述各参数相乘得到最终的评价指标。利用该方法对典型激光干扰图像进行评估,结果表明:在不同入射功率和不同光斑位置情况下,所提评估指标比单独使用结构相似度的评估指标具有更大的取值范围和更明显的非线性变化特征。这说明:该指标能够反映光电成像系统激光干扰过程的丰富细节,更加适合激光干扰效果的评估。     

区域雷达网分布式检测性能改善方法

针对文献 [3]提出的秩 K方法及文献 [4]的应用结论进行了讨论 ,提出利用 Neym an- Pearson融合准则改善区域雷达网分布式检测性能方法 ,分析表明 ,该方法使区域雷达网恒虚警同时 ,提高了其检测概率     

Concise RLT forms of binary programs: A computational study of the quadratic knapsack problem

The reformulation‐linearization technique (RLT) is a methodology for constructing tight linear programming relaxations of mixed discrete problems. A key construct is the multiplication of “product factors” of the discrete variables with problem constraints to form polynomial restrictions, which are subsequently linearized. For special problem forms, the structure of these linearized constraints tends to suggest that certain classes may be more beneficial than others. We examine the usefulness of subsets of constraints for a family of 0–1 quadratic multidimensional knapsack programs and perform extensive computational tests on a classical special case known as the 0–1 quadratic knapsack problem. We consider RLT forms both with and without these inequalities, and their comparisons with linearizations derived from published methods. Interestingly, the computational results depend in part upon the commercial software used. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

局部线性估计在半参数条件矩中的应用

半参数方法在计量经济领域有着广泛的应用,但由于其既有参数变量,又有未知函数,因此采用条件矩限制和Sieve方法来得到其参数估计是一个比较好的方法。作为一种非参数回归方法,局部线性估计具有优良的统计特性,因此本文用它来得到条件矩的一个非参数估计,并在此基础上证明了估计参数的一致性和收敛速率。     

河道型水库区下垫面和地形改变对局地降水量影响

河道型水库区降水由于受到库区地形和下垫面改变的影响,研究降水与地形和下垫面改变之间的关系对于库区的生产生活非常重要。依据水汽循环理论,考虑了地形起伏引起的气流运动路径改变,以及下垫面变化引起的水库区渗透量、蒸发量和地面植被截留量的变化,推导出局地降水量与地形起伏和下垫面改变之间的关系,以三峡库区重庆段为例,对结果进行验证。计算结果表明：在下垫面改变和地形升高的作用下,年均降水量有所增加,计算结果与库区气象站检测结果较为接近。     

基于傅立叶图像重建的车用换热器表面缺陷检测?

针对车用换热器表面缺陷检测问题,提出一种利用傅立叶图像重建提取方向纹理表面缺陷的算法。该算法采用局部二值模式（ LBP ）描述去除光照影响并对LBP图像进行快速傅立叶变换,通过频率域滤波和图像重建有效去除方向纹理的影响,由二值化及团块分析最终提取换热器表面缺陷区域。实验结果证明,本文算法可以快速、有效地检测出换热器表面缺陷。     

序列近似优化方法及其在火箭外形快速设计中的应用

针对序列近似优化方法在代理模型构造与采样策略等方面的不足,基于采样点局部密度,引入与局部密度成反比的样本点影响体积概念,通过优化总影响体积确定径向基函数最优核宽度,满足序列近似优化过程不同规模、非均匀样本条件下的函数近似需要;建立潜在可行域最大距离加点准则,并与潜在最优加点准则结合平衡算法的探索能力与开发能力;建立三步收敛判定准则;构建改进序列近似优化的算法流程。对于Golinski减速器的优化设计问题,算法在目标函数调用42次后便搜索到全局最优解,体现了其良好的全局寻优能力与搜索效率。以"天航二号"火箭为例,建立其外形优化问题数学模型,所提优化方法在调用原始计算模型165次之后便搜索到全局最优解,大大提高了设计效率,同时飞行试验也表明设计结果满足要求。     

论我国地方国家机关的军事立法权

我国地方国家机关享有国防职权和立法权,有权就国防事务制定地方性军事法规和地方性军事规章。地方国家机关的军事立法权既有法律依据,也有存在的必要性。但地方军事立法的内容是有限的,不应涉及军事行动和军队管理事项。     

非线性系统的鲁棒镇定:Volterra级数法

基于Ｖｏｌｔｅｒｒａ 级数理论,针对一类非线性系统,首先给出了此类系统可镇定的充分条件,接着讨论了非线性系统鲁棒镇定性的问题,并给出了系统鲁棒可镇定的条件;最后,用实例仿真来验证其有效性