侵彻子母弹打击机场目标毁伤阈值确定方法

通过对机场目标的结构及地地常规导弹毁伤要求的分析,结合侵彻爆破子母弹战斗部毁伤机理,根据机场各主要子目标的材料、抗毁特性来选取相适应的毁伤效果指标.在此基础上,构造了不同作战任务要求下的侵彻爆破子母弹毁伤机场目标的耗弹量算法模型.为常规导弹武器打击机场目标耗量的最优算法提供了一种方法,具有一定的参考价值.     

大攻角下无安定器航弹的气动特性

在横流理论和wardlaw集中涡法的基础上,通过采用一组合适的自由参数,用半经验半理论的方法计算了无安定器航弹在大攻角情况下的气动特性。计算过程中考虑了不同转速对力与力矩的影响,并对结果作出了分析。     

Numerical study on the case effect of a bomb air explosion

When considering the bomb explosion damage effect, the air shock wave and high-speed fragments of the bomb case are two major threats. In experiments, the air shock wave was studied by the bare ex-plosives superseding the real cased bomb; in contrast, the bomb case influence was ignored to reduce risk. The air explosion simulations of the MK84 warhead with and without the case were conducted. The numerical simulation results showed that the bomb case significantly influenced the shock wave generated by the bomb: the spatial distribution of shock wave in the near field changed, and the peak value of shock wave was reduced. Breakage of the case and kinetic energy of the fragmentation consumed 3 and 38% of the explosion energy, respectively. The increasing factors of the peak over-pressure induced by the bare explosive on the ground and in the air were 1.43-3.04 and 1.37-1.57, respectively. Four typical stages of case breakage were defined. The mass distribution of the fragments follows the Mott distribution. The initial velocity distribution of the fragments agreed well with the Gurney equation.     

电视制导小灵巧炸弹三维导引律

小灵巧炸弹是一种采用倾斜转弯(BTT)控制方式的小型面对称电视制导航空弹药,在实际飞行中必须确保其导引头框架角不超出可用范围。针对上述问题,根据时变偏置比例导引的思想,在三维空间中设计视线角速率偏置项,通过姿态角时变修正实现框架角约束,提出了一种带导引头框架角约束的三维纯比例导引律。仿真结果表明该方法在保证小灵巧炸弹战技指标要求的同时有效减少了框架角需求。     

具有倒“Y”型吊挂的降落伞系统动力学建模

具有倒"Y"型吊挂的降落伞系统在回收领域具有广泛的应用.建立了这类系统的动力学模型,包括考虑附加质量的一般刚体动力学方程和基于"平衡点"假设的吊挂系统建模方法.利用该模型对某型飞船空投试验情况进行了仿真分析,通过与试验数据对比,验证了模型的有效性.     

‘Clean’ bombs: Nuclear technology and nuclear strategy in the 1950s

The idea of ‘clean’ bombs, nuclear weapons with a reduced amount of radioactive fallout resulting from their fission part, has met much ridicule since its public inauguration in 1956. Many scholars have regarded the bombs as a propaganda tool, stopping short of analyzing their role in the transformative phase of US nuclear strategy in the 1950s. This paper reexamines the clean bomb episode through 1958, shedding light upon the dynamic relationship between the development of nuclear weapons technology and the evolution of nuclear strategy from massive retaliation to flexible response. It also discusses the mechanism and momentum of nuclear weapons technology innovation until the US suspended nuclear testing in late 1958.     

降落伞充气过程中“瓶颈”效应

以大型伞或特大型伞为研究对象,采用任意拉格朗日-欧拉(ALE)流固耦合方法模拟某载人飞船主伞(环帆伞)在无限质量情况下的充气展开过程。计算获得了充气过程中,伞衣外形和流场之间的动态关系,数值模拟出非对称充气、伞顶甩打等不良充气现象,提出了充气过程存在"瓶颈"效应,通过大量的实物试验验证该效应的存在。通过结果分析发现"瓶颈"效应实质是由于伞衣面积大,伞衣结构复杂或开伞速度过大导致气团进入伞体受阻造成的,但其产生的具体必要条件尚有待进一步研究。结论对了解降落伞工作机理,防止开伞失效有重要意义。     

U.S. policy on preventive war and preemption

In the aftermath of September 11, 2001 and Hurricane Katrina, the United States government has spent tens of billions of dollars to improve the nation's ability to respond to a natural disaster or terrorist attack, but the emphasis on immediate first response has left many long-term environmental, political, and technological challenges unaddressed. Although a dirty bomb attack is unlikely to yield the same amount of physical devastation and death as caused by Katrina or a nuclear weapon, the social, psychological, and economic impact would be enormous. At present, however, the United States lacks the technology necessary to decontaminate a large, densely populated urban area under time, political, and economic constraints. This article reviews past cleanup experiences and current decontamination capabilities to consider the long-term implications of a dirty bomb, identifies weaknesses in America's existing response capabilities, notes possible areas of political friction, and considers the implications of the failure to adequately prepare. Having the appropriate decontamination techniques established and long-term plans in place before an incident occurs will significantly improve the government's ability to protect public and environmental security, establish a viable decontamination strategy, allow residents to return to their homes, and get the local economy back on its feet.     

THE REAL STORY BEHIND THE MAKING OF THE FRENCH HYDROGEN BOMB

Based on the first-person account of coauthor Pierre Billaud, a prominent French participant, this article describes for the first time in such detail the history of the development of the French hydrogen bomb in the 1960s and the organization of military nuclear research in France. The authors illustrate the extent to which French defense and governmental authorities did not support research on thermonuclear weapons until 1966. Billaud, a project insider, relates the historical episodes that led to France's successful 1968 thermonuclear test, including the names of the individuals involved and how a timely tip from a foreign source hastened the success of the first H-bomb test.     

利用循环网络的降落伞开伞载荷补偿方法

为了对降落伞充气展开过程中的开伞载荷进行更加准确的预测,提出一种基于循环神经网络的开伞载荷补偿计算方法,包括模型架构和数据处理方式。该方法将充气时间法计算的预测值代入循环网络进行二次计算,使最终结果能够更加贴近试验真值。使用多层前馈网络、标准循环网络与长短时记忆网络三种网络进行比较,验证了所提模型预测结果的适用性和准确性,研究了学习率、输入层维度和隐层维度等超参数对模型性能的影响,并给出了基于长短时记忆网络的补偿模型最优训练条件。实验结果表明,利用循环网络进行开伞载荷预测具有较好的拟合结果,为机器学习与降落伞工业的学科交叉研究提供了一定的参考方向。