面向装备健康管理的可测性指标研究

可测性指标是开展可测性设计、验证和评估的依据.针对传统可测性指标主要用于故障可检测性和故障可隔离性水平评价,不能全面反映面向装备健康管理可测性水平的问题,在定性分析装备健康管理对可测性的本质需求基础上,从全域和瞬态角度提出了五个可测性指标以定量描述面向装备健康管理的可测性水平;并基于故障模式状态矢量给出了可测性指标的分析计算流程.最后以某装备柴油机的机体子系统为案例详细说明了可测性指标的计算过程,应用结果表明所提指标具有一定的可行性和合理性,可以有效指导面向装备健康管理的可测性优化设计.     

E级超级计算机故障预测的数据采集方法

面向未来E级超级计算机,提出用于故障预测的数据采集框架,能够全面采集与计算结点故障相关的状态数据。采用自适应多层分组数据汇集方法,有效解决随着系统规模增长数据汇集过程开销过大的问题。在TH-1A超级计算机上的实现和测试表明,该数据采集框架具有开销小、扩展性好的优点,能够满足未来大规模系统故障预测数据采集的需求。     

基于ADC的炮兵激光观测仪侦察效能分析

运用了效能分析方法,针对复杂战场环境下炮兵侦察系统的效能进行分析,特别是炮兵激光观测仪,揭示其内在规律,为提高现有侦察装备的作战效能找到重要途径,也为指挥员的决策提供可靠的战略支持.在侦察系统效能分析理论的基础上,对典型的激光观测仪侦察装备进行了计算评估验证,其方法和成果可供其他武器系统效能评估时借鉴参考.     

Estimating failure time distribution and its parameters based on intermediate data from a Wiener degradation model

Instead of measuring a Wiener degradation or performance process at predetermined time points to track degradation or performance of a product for estimating its lifetime, we propose to obtain the first‐passage times of the process over certain nonfailure thresholds. Based on only these intermediate data, we obtain the uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator and uniformly most accurate confidence interval for the mean lifetime. For estimating the lifetime distribution function, we propose a modified maximum likelihood estimator and a new estimator and prove that, by increasing the sample size of the intermediate data, these estimators and the above‐mentioned estimator of the mean lifetime can achieve the same levels of accuracy as the estimators assuming one has failure times. Thus, our method of using only intermediate data is useful for highly reliable products when their failure times are difficult to obtain. Furthermore, we show that the proposed new estimator of the lifetime distribution function is more accurate than the standard and modified maximum likelihood estimators. We also obtain approximate confidence intervals for the lifetime distribution function and its percentiles. Finally, we use light‐emitting diodes as an example to illustrate our method and demonstrate how to validate the Wiener assumption during the testing. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

A general model of heterogeneous system lifetimes and conditions for system burn‐in

Burn‐in is a technique to enhance reliability by eliminating weak items from a population of items having heterogeneous lifetimes. System burn‐in can improve system reliability, but the conditions for system burn‐in to be performed after component burn‐in remain a little understood mathematical challenge. To derive such conditions, we first introduce a general model of heterogeneous system lifetimes, in which the component burn‐in information and assembly problems are related to the prediction of system burn‐in. Many existing system burn‐in models become special cases and two important results are identified. First, heterogeneous system lifetimes can be understood naturally as a consequence of heterogeneous component lifetimes and heterogeneous assembly quality. Second, system burn‐in is effective if assembly quality variation in the components and connections which are arranged in series is greater than a threshold, where the threshold depends on the system structure and component failure rates. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 50: 364–380, 2003.     

故障诊断和容错技术在控制系统中的应用研究

介绍了控制系统的故障诊断和容错控制的基本概念和任务 ,评述了故障诊断和容错控制技术所用的各种方法 ,并对故障诊断和容错控制技术在核动力装置控制系统中应用的可行性进行了探讨 .     

软件可靠性考核试验方法研究

分析了软件可靠性考核的时机 ,提出了软件可靠性的验证试验方法 ,并对基于经典方法和 Bayes方法的无故障运行考核方法进行了研究     

如何估计软件的MTBF

软件剩余初始故障个数No、平均无故障时间MTBF、故障暴露率λ和软件运行的成功率θ等是衡量软件可靠性的重要参数.其中对高可靠性软件(包括军用软件等)MTBF是最重要的.传统的MTBF计算方法有2种一是计算发生故障的平均时间间隔二是通过软件可靠性模型进行估计.前者代价较大,后者不太准确.本文从软件的失败率入手研究软件的MTBF,这是一个比较贴近实际的方法.     

Profust故障树建模与分析

实际中普遍存在的有显著渐近失效行为的系统 ,难以用经典故障树加以分析 ,于是 ,以“模糊事件的普通概率”这一理论为基础 ,建立了Profust故障树模型 ,并进行了部分定量分析 ,该模型的最大特点是综合运用了可以得到的关于系统运行的可能性信息和概率信息     

基于机械故障诊断的算法及小波基选择研究

针对小波分析在机械故障诊断应用中的快速算法和小波基选择存在的问题,对常用的正交、半正交、双正交小波提取信号特征的能力进行了分析比较,研究表明半正交B样条小波因具有线性相位和采用较长的分解序列而具有较好的频率局部化特性和较小的变换误差,具有比较好的综合性能。推导了正交小波包的图形显示算法,利用该算法解决了小波变换快速算法中存在的数据长度随分解层数成倍减小的问题。研究结果为机械故障诊断中选择小波基进行信号处理提供了依据和途径。