Production/distribution system design with inventory considerations

This study addresses the design of a three‐stage production/distribution system where the first stage includes the set of established retailers and the second and third stages include the sets of potential distribution centers (DCs) and potential capacitated suppliers, respectively. In this problem, in addition to the fixed location/operating costs associated with locating DCs and suppliers, we consider the coordinated inventory replenishment decisions at the located DCs and retailers along with the appropriate inventory costs explicitly. In particular, we account for the replenishment and holding costs at the retailers and selected DCs, and the fixed plus distance‐based transportation costs between the selected plants and their assigned DCs, and between the selected DCs and their respective retailers, explicitly. The resulting formulation is a challenging mixed‐integer nonlinear programming model for which we propose efficient heuristic solution approaches. Our computational results demonstrate the performance of the heuristic approaches as well as the value of integrated decision‐making by verifying that significant cost savings are realizable when the inventory decisions and costs are incorporated in the production distribution system design. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 59: 172–195, 2012     

改进的斜投影极化滤波方法

针对脉冲体制雷达抗干扰的需求,综合利用卡尔曼滤波技术、斜投影极化滤波技术和时域对消技术,研究了一种改进的斜投影极化抗干扰方法．首先利用卡尔曼滤波技术估计干扰的极化状态参数,在目标极化状态未知的情况下求得斜投影算子,再利用求得的斜投影算子提取出干扰信号,然后利用时域对消技术将原始信号减去干扰信号即得到纯净的目标信号．仿真结果表明,卡尔曼滤波技术可快速准确地估计出于扰极化参数,改进的斜投影极化滤波方法可大幅度抑制干扰,并保持了目标信号的幅度和相位不变性．     

晃动基座下捷联惯导的初始对准研究

为了降低车体振动对惯性器件输出的影响,运用小波域阈值滤波对信号进行预滤波,介绍一种初始对准非线性误差模型,并运用H∞滤波完成初始对准。针对坦克发动的情况,分别在固定怠速和不同怠速的情况下进行大量重复实验,实验结果表明：该方法能够有效完成坦克发动下初始对准,具有良好的重复性和稳定性。     

一种基于满意滤波的纯方位目标跟踪算法

针对潜艇纯方位目标跟踪算法存在算法初始化困难、收敛速度慢、稳定性差等问题,借鉴交互式多模型算法(IMM)的思想,将EKF实时解算出的滤波增益和满意滤波解算出的稳态增益实时融合并行工作,以求克服滤波初值对滤波器的影响,尽可能地消除线性化误差,最终输出具有更高精度的估计结果。仿真实验表明,提出的单站纯方位算法对滤波初值的设置有较大的领域范围,较好地克服了算法对滤波初值的敏感性问题,同时增加了算法的稳定性。     

一种新的针对模型误差所致滤波发散的补偿方法

系统模型误差是导致卡尔曼滤波发散的一个很重要的原因,分析了衰减记忆法和限定记忆法两种对模型误差所致滤波发散的补偿方法,通过引入阈值可以将这两种方法进行有机结合,给出了一种新的衰减限定记忆算法。算例分析验证了衰减限定记忆算法在抑制滤波发散方面具有比衰减记忆和限定记忆法更好的性能,并能自适应调整算法所需观测数据数目。     

制导炮弹非线性滑模控制器设计

为了提高制导炮弹的精确打击能力,研究了一种非线性滑模变结构控制器。利用近似最优控制理论确定了非线性滑模面,并设计了舵面的控制律,使得系统状态快速达到并保持在滑模面,采用指数趋近律和饱和函数减轻了滑模控制带来的抖振,实现对控制指令的跟踪。仿真表明,设计的非线性控制器能有效处理制导炮弹的非线性耦合问题,快速响应控制指令,并且在气动参数摄动时体现出较强的鲁棒性,具有良好的工程应用前景。     

A mathematical programming approach for improving the robustness of least sum of absolute deviations regression

This paper discusses a novel application of mathematical programming techniques to a regression problem. While least squares regression techniques have been used for a long time, it is known that their robustness properties are not desirable. Specifically, the estimators are known to be too sensitive to data contamination. In this paper we examine regressions based on Least‐sum of Absolute Deviations (LAD) and show that the robustness of the estimator can be improved significantly through a judicious choice of weights. The problem of finding optimum weights is formulated as a nonlinear mixed integer program, which is too difficult to solve exactly in general. We demonstrate that our problem is equivalent to a mathematical program with a single functional constraint resembling the knapsack problem and then solve it for a special case. We then generalize this solution to general regression designs. Furthermore, we provide an efficient algorithm to solve the general nonlinear, mixed integer programming problem when the number of predictors is small. We show the efficacy of the weighted LAD estimator using numerical examples. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

非线性超晶格中波的传播

通过二维实映射研究了非线性Kronig-Penney超晶格中波的传播。数值计算得到非线性系数不同、以及透射波幅不同时的映射图。结果表明,非线性系数对波传播有明显的调制作用,而透射波幅对非线性系数的有效性有明显的改变。     

基于过载的制导炮弹非线性控制系统设计

针对制导炮弹模型中的非线性和耦合性,提出一种基于过载的制导炮弹非线性控制系统设计方法,建立了炮弹的过载时变模型,在俯仰和偏航通道控制器设计过程中加入了一阶低通滤波器,消除了“计算膨胀”的难题,并通过非线性阻尼项消除外界扰动,最后由Lyapunov理论证明了系统是半全局域渐近稳定的,能准确跟踪指定过载。     

制氢过程中一氧化碳氧化反应速率控制的平滑切换方法

铂族金属催化剂CO氧化过程呈现较为复杂的本质非线性属性,如反应速率突变、双稳定性和迟滞,这些本质非线性属性取决于化学反应内在的稳定性和自组织机制,所产生的一个外在结果是CO氧化反应速率与控制参数之间呈现出路径依赖的输入输出关系。对这类系统采用传统的线性控制方法具有固有的不稳定机制,可以导致化学反应速率的震荡以及控制系统的失稳;而采用常规非线性切换控制则面临在切换初始时刻所具有的大干扰问题,较大地影响控制系统的动态性能甚至稳定性。针对研究所面临的这种大干扰问题,提出基于积分初值重置的平滑切换控制方法予以解决。结果表明,所提出的方法能够从原理上解决CO氧化反应控制过程的平滑切换问题,较好地提高控制系统的动态性能。