考虑禁飞区的高超声速飞行器再入跟踪控制

为确立高超声速飞行器再入精确模型,参考NASA的研究数据对动力学方程中的气动参数进行拟合。基于飞行器结构的相关性质及战略应用背景,加入热流密度、动压、过载和禁飞区等参考约束的限制,融合成强非线性、复杂耦合的最优控制问题。采用改进自适应伪谱法求解模型所构建的微分方程组,通过设置自适应网格细化与配点,使单位时间内状态变量和控制变量波动过大的时间区间被进一步细划,并利用SNOPT求解器解算出符合条件的最优轨迹。设计闭环控制器,实现对最优轨迹的姿态变化的跟踪,测试系统的性能并进行评估。仿真结果表明:整个再入过程中,飞行器速度下降过程偏于平稳,再入轨迹可以满足约束条件,在避开禁飞区的同时取得最大横向航程;三通道角速度收敛可控,对姿态的跟踪较理想,控制器基本可以实现精确调姿。     

Dynamic signatures and their use in comparing the reliability of new and used systems

The signature of a system with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) component lifetimes is a vector whose ith element is the probability that the ith component failure is fatal to the system. System signatures have been found to be quite useful tools in the study and comparison of engineered systems. In this article, the theory of system signatures is extended to versions of signatures applicable in dynamic reliability settings. It is shown that, when a working used system is inspected at time t and it is noted that precisely k failures have occurred, the vector s [0,1]^n‐k whose jth element is the probability that the (k + j)th component failure is fatal to the system, for j = 1,2,2026;,n ‐ k, is a distribution‐free measure of the design of the residual system. Next, known representation and preservation theorems for system signatures are generalized to dynamic versions. Two additional applications of dynamic signatures are studied in detail. The well‐known “new better than used” (NBU) property of aging systems is extended to a uniform (UNBU) version, which compares systems when new and when used, conditional on the known number of failures. Sufficient conditions are given for a system to have the UNBU property. The application of dynamic signatures to the engineering practice of “burn‐in” is also treated. Specifically, we consider the comparison of new systems with working used systems burned‐in to a given ordered component failure time. In a reliability economics framework, we illustrate how one might compare a new system to one successfully burned‐in to the kth component failure, and we identify circumstances in which burn‐in is inferior (or is superior) to the fielding of a new system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009     

Technical note: A computationally efficient algorithm for undiscounted Markov decision processes with restricted observations

We present a computationally efficient procedure to determine control policies for an infinite horizon Markov Decision process with restricted observations. The optimal policy for the system with restricted observations is a function of the observation process and not the unobservable states of the system. Thus, the policy is stationary with respect to the partitioned state space. The algorithm we propose addresses the undiscounted average cost case. The algorithm combines a local search with a modified version of Howard's (Dynamic programming and Markov processes, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1960) policy iteration method. We demonstrate empirically that the algorithm finds the optimal deterministic policy for over 96% of the problem instances generated. For large scale problem instances, we demonstrate that the average cost associated with the local optimal policy is lower than the average cost associated with an integer rounded policy produced by the algorithm of Serin and Kulkarni Math Methods Oper Res 61 (2005) 311–328. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

在线学习的主用户仿冒攻击策略

在认知无线网络中,次用户通过频谱感知来学习频谱环境,从而接入那些没有被主用户占用的频谱空隙。事实上,多种恶意攻击的存在会影响次用户频谱感知的可靠性。只有深入研究恶意攻击策略,才能确保认知无线网络的安全。基于此,研究了一种认知无线网络中的欺骗性干扰策略,即主用户仿冒攻击策略,该攻击策略通过在信道上传输伪造的主用户信号来降低次用户频谱感知的性能。具体来说,将攻击策略问题建模为在线学习问题,并提出基于汤普森采样的攻击策略以实现在探索不确定信道和利用高性能信道间的权衡。仿真结果表明,与现有的攻击策略相比,提出的攻击策略能更好地通过在线学习优化攻击决策以适应非平稳的认知无线网络。     

相控阵雷达LPI搜索方法研究

相控阵雷达可通过合理配置工作参数优化其性能。针对相控阵雷达在搜索目标时易受敌方电子侦察设备威胁的现实,研究了在保持搜索能力的同时,通过合理配置参数降低截获概率的问题。分析了影响相控阵雷达搜索状态LPI(Low Probability of Intercept)性能的主要因素,建立了截获概率模型与搜索能力模型,给出了3种参数调整策略。仿真试验验证了模型的有效性,并比较了3种策略的优劣。     

基于FPGA的可变速率PSK数字解调器实现

针对QPSK变速率调制数字系统,提出了一种新的基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)实现方法,该系统可以支持4.88 Kb/s到2 Mb/s和更高的连续比特速率。设计采用混合乘法器、数控振荡器(NCO)和积分-梳状滤波器(CIC),并给出了系统中载波和信号恢复电路的设计结构,且可以移植到任何FPGA器件。提出的设计在Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA平台进行了硬件测试。硬件实现结果显示,采用本方法实现的解调器,表现出优越的使用效率。