电子在材料中输运的蒙特卡罗模拟

介绍了电子输运问题的蒙特卡罗方法的基本原理和步骤。电子输运过程的模拟采用了“浓缩历史”蒙特卡罗方法 ,电子随机游动步长根据能量步划分 ,在每个电子游动步内 ,电子的能量损失为非辐射 (碰撞 )能量损失和辐射 (韧致辐射 )能量损失之和 ,其中非辐射能量损失通过对Landau公式的随机抽样得到 ,辐射能量损失以及韧致辐射光子的产生通过利用Bethe Heitler的随机抽样处理 ,在每个电子游动步结束时电子的出射角的抽样利用Gouddsmit Saunderson多重散射公式 ,电子 -电子的散射利用Moller截面公式进行抽样。最后对电子在航天用合金铝平板材料中的输运进行了模拟计算并给出了计算结果     

高比重钨合金的烧结成形与组织性能研究

采用液相烧结成形工艺制备了90W-Ni-Fe合金棒,通过分析烧结态钨合金的组织形貌和力学性能,观察合金的断口组织形貌,研究了烧结工艺对高比重钨合金组织性能的影响,认为减少W-W界面,增加W-W界面的结合强度,是提高烧结态钨合金力学性能的有效途径。     

回归再时效7A60铝合金在0.5mol/L NaCl溶液中的点蚀性能

采用腐蚀电化学的点蚀极化曲线并结合腐蚀形貌的扫描电镜分析的方法,研究了回归再时效(RRA)工艺处理7A60铝合金在0.5mol/L NaCl溶液中的点蚀行为,对其耐点蚀性能进行了评价,并探讨了RRA工艺改善该合金点蚀性能的机理。结果表明:采用120RRA工艺(120℃×24h预时效+195℃×0.5h回归+120℃×24h再时效)处理后,7A60铝合金在0.5mol/L NaCl溶液中的阳极极化曲线闭合环面积减小,再钝化电流密度Ipp降低,蚀孔较浅,RRA工艺在一定程度上改善了该铝合金在0.5mol/L NaCl溶液中的耐点蚀性能。     

损伤铝合金表面超声焊接界面断口分析与结合机理

采用超声焊接铝合金箔材的工艺修复处理表面腐蚀受损的2A12CZ基体,并利用Quanta200型环境扫描电子显微镜分析了截面形貌及箔材与基体之间界面表面断口的微观形貌。结果表明：从截面来看,箔材与基体之间大部分发生了焊合,界面分界线大部分消失;从机械脱开的界面断口来看,其表面微观形貌表现为鳞片状及韧窝状的典型金属型断口形貌。这说明在给定条件下,焊接部位大部分呈冶金结合。最后对铝台金箔材与铝合金基体之间超声焊接机理进行了探讨。     

Dynamic necking of a near α titanium alloy at high strain rates:Experiments and modelling

The tensile behaviour of near α Ti3Al2.5 V alloy, conceived for applications in aerospace and automotive engineering, is characterized from quasi-static to high strain rates. The material is found to present noticeable strain rate sensitivity. The dynamic true strain rate in the necking cross-section reaches values up to ten times higher than the nominal strain rate. It is also observed that beyond necking the dynamic true stress-strain curves present limited rate dependence. The experimental results at different strain rates are used to determine a suitable constitutive model for finite element simulations of the dynamic tensile tests. The model predicts the experimentally macroscopic force-time response, true stress-strain response and effective strain rate evolution with good agreement.     

Influence of magnetically constricted arc traverse speed (MCATS) on tensile properties and microstructural characteristics of welded Inconel 718 alloy sheets

The magnetically constricted arc technique was implemented to mitigate the heat input related metal-lurgical problems in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) of Inconel 718 alloy particularly Nb segregation and subsequent laves phase evolution in fusion zone. This paper reports the direct effect of magnetically constricted arc traverse speed (MCATS) on bead profile, tensile properties and microstructural evolution of Inconel 718 alloy sheets joined by Gas Tungsten Constricted Arc Welding (GTCAW) process. The mechanism amenable for the microstructural modification and corresponding influence on the tensile properties of joints is investigated both in qualitative and quantitative manner related to the mechanics of arc constriction and pulsing. It is correlated to the solidification conditions during welding. The relationship between MCATS and Arc Constriction Current (ACC) was derived. Its interaction effect on the magnetic arc constriction and joint performance was analysed. Results showed that the joints fabricated using CATS of 70 mm/min exhibited superior tensile properties (98.39% of base metal strength with 31.50% elongation). It is attributed to the grain refinement in fusion zone microstructure leading to the evolution of finer, discrete laves phase in interdendritic areas.     

化学敏感材料的应用与发展

对敏感材料的特点、分类及其在科技、化工等领域内的广泛应用和发展前景 ,进行了较全面的综述     

Multifunctional A356 alloy/ PKSAnp composites: Microstructure and mechanical properties

Mechanical properties and microstructure of multifunctional composites produced with palm kernel shell ash nanoparticle (PKSAnp)-A356 alloy composites was studied. The composites were produced using Double layer feeding stir casting method (DLF-SCM) by adding 1 wt%‒4 wt.% PKSAnp. The microstructure, density, electrical and mechanical properties were determined. The results shows that there was a uniform distribution of the PKSAnp in A356 alloy. The mismatch at the interface between the PKSAnp and A356 alloy was 4.26%. Improvement of 30.47%, 41.91%, 49.52%, 40.90% and 65.09% were obtained for hardness values, tensile, yield strength, %elongation and impact energy at 4 wt% PKASnp. The work has established that the developed composites can be used for multifunctional applications where combination of toughness and strength is vital.     

挤压铸造ZA27合金阻尼性能研究

对比研究了ＺＡ２７合金挤压铸造和重力铸造时的阻尼性能，结果表明：挤压铸造试样内耗高于重力铸造，是重力铸造的１．２倍；挤压铸造试样传递函数低于重力铸造；在频率高于２５　Ｈｚ时，ＺＡ２７合金的阻尼作用效果明显，且挤压铸造成型的机件振动衰减效果比重力铸造强．     

喷涂层接触疲劳失效信号响应试验研究

采用超音速等离子喷涂设备制备了铁基自熔剂合金涂层，通过球盘式接触疲劳试验机考察了喷涂层的疲劳行为，使用扫描电子显微镜对涂层的截面和失效形貌进行了表征，研究了不同信号响应对涂层接触疲劳失效形式的指示作用。结果表明：在该应力水平下，喷涂层的接触疲劳失效形式为点蚀和分层失效。振动和扭矩信号的响应可以反馈不同的失效过程，点蚀失效过程中信号呈现渐变的特征，而分层失效过程中信号则发生明显的阶跃。