基于显著性的红外图像强固定模式噪声抑制*

本文针对红外成像设备对天远距离观测中得到的小目标、强固定模式噪声这一类典型数据提出基于显著性的红外图像强固定模式噪声抑制算法。文中首先对此类图像数据进行特性分析,指出图像中目标区域相对于背景固定模式噪声区域是显著的,利用显著性检测算法分离出图像中目标区域及背景,对不同区域分别采取不同处理,仅基于单幅图像信息实现强固定模式噪声的有效抑制。最后,通过大量小目标、强固定模式噪声红外图像对算法性能进行测试,结果表明,本算法能够准确提取出图像中目标区域,实现图像中强固定模式噪声的有效抑制。     

用非概率理论分析混合不确定性结构的可靠性

针对不确定性结构可靠性分析中的输入变量分布参数具有不确定性和输入变量为区间模型的混合不确定性结构展开研究。考虑到可用信息最少的情况,将分布参数的不确定性描述为区间模型。通过等概率转换方法将随机变量与其分布参数进行分离,使问题转化为随机与区间变量混合的可靠性问题,建立了混合不确定性问题的可靠性分析模型。基于非概率可靠性理论,建立混合不确定结构分析模型的二级极限状态函数并结合Kriging代理模型建立了高效的求解方法。将所建立的混合不确定模型应用于飞行器结构的不确定性分析中,验证了所建模型的合理性和所提方法的高效性和准确性。     

Limiting survival functions of self‐similar structures

We show the existence of a unique analytic single parameter limiting survival function arising from the repeated composition of a coherent structure as the number of components tends to infinity. Examples include the repeated composition process of the bridge structure. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

A unified model incorporating yield,burn‐in,and reliability

The correlated improvement in yield and reliability has been observed in the case studies on integrated circuits and electronic assemblies. This paper presents a model that incorporates yield and reliability with the addition of a burn‐in step to explain their correlated improvement. The proposed model includes as special cases several yield and reliability models that have been previously published and thus provides a unifying framework. The model is used to derive a condition for which yield functions can be multiplied to obtain the overall yield. Yield and reliability are compared as a function of operation time, and an analytical condition for burn‐in to be effective is also obtained. Finally, Poisson and negative binomial defects models are further considered to investigate how reliability is based on yield. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

Exact likelihood inference for the exponential distribution under generalized Type‐I and Type‐II hybrid censoring

Chen and Bhattacharyya [Exact confidence bounds for an exponential parameter under hybrid censoring, Commun Statist Theory Methods 17 (1988), 1857–1870] considered a hybrid censoring scheme and obtained the exact distribution of the maximum likelihood estimator of the mean of an exponential distribution along with an exact lower confidence bound. Childs et al. [Exact likelihood inference based on Type‐I and Type‐II hybrid censored samples from the exponential distribution, Ann Inst Statist Math 55 (2003), 319–330] recently derived an alternative simpler expression for the distribution of the MLE. These authors also proposed a new hybrid censoring scheme and derived similar results for the exponential model. In this paper, we propose two generalized hybrid censoring schemes which have some advantages over the hybrid censoring schemes already discussed in the literature. We then derive the exact distribution of the maximum likelihood estimator as well as exact confidence intervals for the mean of the exponential distribution under these generalized hybrid censoring schemes. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

基于模糊理论的武器系统可靠性分析和评价

武器系统可靠性是指在规定条件下和规定时间内完成规定功能的能力。传统的可靠性计算方法是基于概率论的,其失效概率通常应根据第一手的数据。然而,实际上不可能收集到足够的数据,一般是依靠专家的经验来判断估计,这类判断通常与模糊性密切相关。本文基于可靠性理论和模糊数学的原则和方法,建立了一套计算串联系统和并联系统的模糊可靠度的计算公式。应用模糊数对武器装备系统单元可靠性予以模糊评价,并采用模糊可靠性计算模型,对武器系统可靠性进行模糊分析和计算。通过对一高炮武器系统的应用分析,证明了该方法的可行性。     

基于二元决策图的多阶段任务系统可靠性分析

分析了多阶段任务系统(PMS)可靠性分析中传统二元决策图(BDD)建模方法的不足,提出了一种将多阶段任务失效事件分解为互不相容的阶段失效事件,然后分别建立可靠性BDD模型的新方法。通过该方法建立的PMS可靠性BDD模型不但可以计算总体任务失效概率,同时也能计算任务在各阶段发生失效的概率。最后,给出了一个算例,验证了该算法的有效性。     

基于磁导率法的零部件硬度电磁无损检测技术研究

传统的机械压痕法虽能测量火炮零部件的硬度,但对其表面有损害,且某些零部件工作面并不允许使用打点测量方式．为解决这一问题,基于硬度与材料磁导率之间的对应关系,设计了一种硬度电磁无损检测系统,采用DDS技术实现参数可控的正弦信号源,以满足磁导率测试所需的激励条件．为了提高检测灵敏度,利用交流电桥拾取由硬度变化引起的检测线圈和参考线圈电压差分信号,并进一步在调理电路中采用正交锁相放大技术对这一微弱信号进行放大和噪声抑制．硬度试验结果表明,该系统能以无损的检测方式有效地区分零部件的硬度值,为火炮定型试验中的硬度测量提供了新途径．     

漏磁检测的励磁装置优化设计

为了提高漏磁检测的灵敏度,利用ANSYS软件建立了漏磁检测励磁装置的三维有限元模型,研究了钢板的厚度、永磁体厚度、磁极面积以及磁化间隙等因素对钢板局部磁化效果的影响,得到了钢板磁化强度随永磁体几何参数改变时的变化规律,提出了永磁磁化方式下励磁装置优化设计的基本方法,对励磁装置各部分参数进行了优化设计．实验证明,优化设计的励磁装置能改善磁化效果,提高检测灵敏度．     

航天测控通信系统可靠性分析的Krylov子空间投影算法

基于Markov模型对航天测控通信系统进行可靠性分析的过程中,若系统中测控通信设备数量较多,模型中的状态空间随设备数量呈指数增长,将会导致数值计算困难.提出了一种基于Krylov子空间技术的可靠性分析方法,将大规模问题投影至小规模子空间中,求得问题的近似解.实验结果证明,Krylov子空间方法的计算速度及精度优于Ross方法和前向Euler法(forward Euler method,FEM).