The misguided and mismanaged intervention in Libya: Consequences for peace

In this paper, I critically analyse the doctrine of the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP), as it relates to the responsibility of intervening forces towards the people they claim to protect and the challenges that the situation in Libya now poses in the region and for the African Union (AU). I focus most of my attention on the coercive elements of the RtoP framework (Pillar III). This is the most contested element in the framework. Three questions guide this article: were there legitimate grounds to justify an external intervention in Libya? In the words of Hugh Roberts in Who Said Gaddafi Had to Go, ‘[w]hat if anything has Libya got in exchange for all the death and destruction that have been visited on it’ since 2011? What are the practical implications and consequences of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) intervention, led by the United States (US), for regional peace? I discuss the problems surrounding the US–NATO intervention, followed by an analysis of the various positions and narratives leading up to the intervention, the framing and justifications provided for the intervention, and an analysis of the AU's proposal for the resolution of the Libyan crisis. I analyse the various debates that took place in the US (Pentagon/White House), at the United Nations, among scholars in the West and in Africa, and among various actors who tried to broker a ceasefire in Libya before and during the intervention. I conclude with a discussion of the implications for regional peace.     

离子束加工误差对散射损失的影响研究

离子束加工(Ion Beam Figuring,IBF)去除函数对加工残差具有重要的影响,而加工残差引起的表面散射则导致光学性能发生变化.为了减小加工残差对光学性能的影响,利用基于CCOS成形原理的离子束加工仿真程序对光学镜面进行修形,分析不同去除函数宽度对散射损失(Ratio of Scattering Loss,RSL)指标的影响.通过研究可知,随着去除函数宽度的减小,加工残差对散射损失的影响越来越小.因此,根据加工残差对RSL指标的影响程度以及RSL指标要求,可以合理选择去除函数宽度,从而在满足面形精度的同时,优化加工工艺.     

Dynamic signatures and their use in comparing the reliability of new and used systems

The signature of a system with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) component lifetimes is a vector whose ith element is the probability that the ith component failure is fatal to the system. System signatures have been found to be quite useful tools in the study and comparison of engineered systems. In this article, the theory of system signatures is extended to versions of signatures applicable in dynamic reliability settings. It is shown that, when a working used system is inspected at time t and it is noted that precisely k failures have occurred, the vector s [0,1]^n‐k whose jth element is the probability that the (k + j)th component failure is fatal to the system, for j = 1,2,2026;,n ‐ k, is a distribution‐free measure of the design of the residual system. Next, known representation and preservation theorems for system signatures are generalized to dynamic versions. Two additional applications of dynamic signatures are studied in detail. The well‐known “new better than used” (NBU) property of aging systems is extended to a uniform (UNBU) version, which compares systems when new and when used, conditional on the known number of failures. Sufficient conditions are given for a system to have the UNBU property. The application of dynamic signatures to the engineering practice of “burn‐in” is also treated. Specifically, we consider the comparison of new systems with working used systems burned‐in to a given ordered component failure time. In a reliability economics framework, we illustrate how one might compare a new system to one successfully burned‐in to the kth component failure, and we identify circumstances in which burn‐in is inferior (or is superior) to the fielding of a new system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009     

Consecutive k‐within‐m‐out‐of‐n:F system with exchangeable components

As a generalization of k‐out‐of‐n:F and consecutive k‐out‐of‐n:F systems, the consecutive k‐within‐m‐out‐of‐n:F system consists of n linearly ordered components such that the system fails iff there are m consecutive components which include among them at least k failed components. In this article, the reliability properties of consecutive k‐within‐m‐out‐of‐n:F systems with exchangeable components are studied. The bounds and approximations for the survival function are provided. A Monte Carlo estimator of system signature is obtained and used to approximate survival function. The results are illustrated and numerics are provided for an exchangeable multivariate Pareto distribution. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

空对地导弹的变结构三维导引律(英文)

推导了空对地导弹的三维导引律模型,并设计了针对机动目标的变结构导引律,分析了其制导特性.设计的导引律由于需要的目标信息少,可以便利地应用于实际工程中,数字仿真结果证实了设计的导引律的可行性.     

基于数字信道化的极微弱信号载波频率引导模块设计与实现

针对深空探测中常规点数的FFT无法对极微弱信号进行精确的频率引导,而超长点数的FFT无法用现有器件实现,提出一种基于数字信道化的并行FFT频率引导方法.接收信号先经过数字信道化处理,均匀划分为若干窄带信号,然后分别对各子带信号进行FFT运算,最后通过对各子带有效谱线的联合检测完成载波频率的精确估计.在等效219点FFT的频率引导模块FPGA实现中,通过FFT模块的复用节约了硬件资源开销.测试结果表明:在8MHz采样率下该模块的测频精度小于10Hz.     

基于功率谱的舰船水压信号检测方法研究

为了有效地从风浪背景下检测舰船水压场信号,鉴于舰船水压场信号与海浪水压信号在频谱上的差异,采用求卓越频率下的功率谱的方法对信号进行检测,取窗宽20s,每次计算21个采样点,分别求取海浪水压场的仿真信号及不同波浪级别下海上某目标的水压场实测数据的功率谱进行信号检测,验证了方法的有效性。     

DSP实现低信噪比条件下点目标检测与跟踪

针对嵌入式实时图像处理系统中 ,复杂背景低信噪比条件下红外运动点目标检测及跟踪所采用的处理算法 ,包括基于空域低通滤波的多图像平均法和自适应阈值分割法以及基于目标运动时空连续性目标运动轨迹拟合及目标运动轨迹参数预测算法 ,进行基于二维数组组合方式存储结构的算法复杂度估计 ,并将上述算法在TI公司的TMS32 0C6 2 0 1EVM板上进行实时性能评测 ,说明上述算法在基于具有软件流水性能的TMS32 0C6x系列DSP嵌入式实时图像处理系统中实现的可行性。     

公元四百零三年——论陶渊明的归隐

陶渊明是中国诗歌史上最伟大的诗人之一,他在公元403年所作的诗,占了其一生诗作的六分之一强,表达了其归隐的强烈欲望,结合陶渊明一生的主要经历,便可知其归隐的主要原因乃是晋室情结,而他决定归隐的年份即此年.     

高超声速滑翔再入飞行器的可达区快速预测

防御方对来袭滑翔再入飞行器进行可达区的预测存在先验信息量不足且时效性要求高等难题.为此提出一种基于最优化飞行假设的可达区快速预测方法:仅需已知目标当前位置、速度与最大升阻比(可基于雷达探测数据通过实时弹道估计获得),基于平衡滑翔假设和最大横程的埃格斯解分别获得目标最大纵程和横程终点坐标,在经纬度二维平面内,可达区即可近...