Optimal empty vehicle redistribution for hub‐and‐spoke transportation systems

This article considers the empty vehicle redistribution problem in a hub‐and‐spoke transportation system, with random demands and stochastic transportation times. An event‐driven model is formulated, which yields the implicit optimal control policy. Based on the analytical results for two‐depot systems, a dynamic decomposition procedure is presented which produces a near‐optimal policy with linear computational complexity in terms of the number of spokes. The resulting policy has the same asymptotic behavior as that of the optimal policy. It is found that the threshold‐type control policy is not usually optimal in such systems. The results are illustrated through small‐scale numerical examples. Through simulation the robustness of the dynamic decomposition policy is tested using a variety of scenarios: more spokes, more vehicles, different combinations of distribution types for the empty vehicle travel times and loaded vehicle arrivals. This shows that the dynamic decomposition policy is significantly better than a heuristics policy in all scenarios and appears to be robust to the assumptions of the distribution types. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

基于装备多寿命周期理论的发动机再制造工程及其效益分析

为了延长装备的回用时间,减少装备对环境的影响及充分利用资源,介绍了基于装备多寿命周期理论的发动机再制造工程,对发动机再制造的内涵、工艺流程、经济社会效益进行了分析。以年再制造1万台重型车辆斯太尔发动机为例进行了效益分析,结果表明可以节省金属材料7.65 kt,回收附加值3.23亿元,提供就业500人,并可节电1.45×108kWh,减少CO2排放0.6 kt,说明发展再制造工程对延长装备寿命周期、节能、节材、环保等方面具有重要意义。     

The stochastic joint replenishment problem: A new policy,analysis, and insights

In this study, we propose a new parsimonious policy for the stochastic joint replenishment problem in a single‐location, N‐item setting. The replenishment decisions are based on both group reorder point‐group order quantity and the time since the last decision epoch. We derive the expressions for the key operating characteristics of the inventory system for both unit and compound Poisson demands. In a comprehensive numerical study, we compare the performance of the proposed policy with that of existing ones over a standard test bed. Our numerical results indicate that the proposed policy dominates the existing ones in 100 of 139 instances with comparably significant savings for unit demands. With batch demands, the savings increase as the stochasticity of demand size gets larger. We also observe that it performs well in environments with low demand diversity across items. The inventory system herein also models a two‐echelon setting with a single item, multiple retailers, and cross docking at the upper echelon. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

工程圆管故障的振动诊断技术

本文应用结构的敏感度分析法,以敏感区的频响函数作为观测特征量,建立了故障诊断的识别方程。利用Kalman 滤波迭代算法对某工程圆管进行了刚度型故障诊断的仿真计算和试验分析。结果表明振动诊断技术可用于工程结构故障的微机实时监控,具有精度较高,抗干扰能力较强的特点。     

Centralized inventory control in a two‐level distribution system with Poisson demand

This paper introduces a new replenishment policy for inventory control in a two‐level distribution system consisting of one central warehouse and an arbitrary number of nonidentical retailers. The new policy is designed to control the replenishment process at the central warehouse, using centralized information regarding the inventory positions and demand processes of all installations in the system. The retailers on the other hand are assumed to use continuous review (R, Q) policies. A technique for exact evaluation of the expected inventory holding and backorder costs for the system is presented. Numerical results indicate that there are cases when considerable savings can be made by using the new (α₀, Q₀) policy instead of a traditional echelon‐ or installation‐stock (R, Q) policy. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 798–822, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10040     

空中突击部队装备体系作战任务建模方法研究

空中突击部队是由多装备系统组成的装备体系,在执行任务过程中体现多阶段多任务的特点。基于DoDAF体系框架,结合美军空中突击部队装备体系作战任务展开研究。首先,通过作战任务的形式化描述,建立了装备体系作战任务的四元组描述模型;其次,在DoDAF体系框架下,提出建立空中突击部队装备体系作战任务的静态模型和动态模型;最后通过仿真方法对动态模型进行验证,证明了该模型的可信性。     

低温跨声速风洞设计中的真实气体效应研究

风洞以低温气体为介质运行时,气体会表现出热力和热值的不完全,风洞回路气体流动参数计算需要考虑低温真实气体效应。计算给出了氮气介质在温度100～323 K、压力100～450 kPa范围压缩性因子和比热比的变化规律,并通过将等熵膨胀系数引入一维完全气体流动方程,发展了低温跨声速风洞气流流动参数计算分析模型,获得了跨声速风洞高速运行时气流液化温度和压力的组合边界包络线。对比分析结果表明：在低温跨声速风洞的运行压力(115～450 kPa)和温度(110～323 K)范围内,基于等熵膨胀系数计算得到的气体流动状态参数的理论计算值与气体真实物理解的偏差小于1%,完全可满足低温跨声速风洞工程设计需求。     

拟带宽 Toeplitz 系统的秩 1 修正算法

本文以带宽Ｔｏｅｐｌｉｔｚ系统的快速并行解法为基础,通过建立秩１的修正格式讨论了拟带宽Ｔｏｅｐｌｉｔｚ系统的一种快速并行算法,其串行运算量为９ｎｈ＋Ｏ（ｈ）．设ｐ为处理机台数,当ｐ≤ｎ时,并行运算量为　;当ｐ＝３ｎ时,运算量为２ｈ￣２ｌｏｇ２ｎ＋Ｏ（１）,其中ｈ表示拟带宽宽度。     

基于能力的武器装备组合规划模型与算法*

针对武器装备组合规划中存在的选择难、规划难问题,在给定能力需求的条件下,从分析装备的组合变更对整体体系的影响出发,考虑了总的经费预算、年度费用分配、装备规划周期等约束,以能力差距和发展风险最小为准则,构建了双目标优化模型,并设计了基于差分进化和NSGA-II的求解算法,获得模型的Pareto解;最后通过TOPSIS方法从所求Pareto解中求得令决策者满意的折中解。通过一个具体示例,验证了本文所提模型和算法的有效性,能够为武器装备组合规划提供辅助决策。     

多Lagrange航行体在量化及通信时延约束下的集结

针对量化和通信时延约束下多Lagrange航行体的集结问题进行了研究,提出了一种与模型相关的右边不连续控制算法,设计了一个均匀量化器,并运用图论、矩阵理论以及实用稳定性理论,验证控制器的稳定性。研究结果表明:多航行体可以在量化和通信时延影响的无向通信图下,实现有误差界的集结。基于MATLAB软件进行的数值仿真实验,证明了算法的有效性。