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11.
John Krige 《The Nonproliferation Review》2013,20(3-4):249-262
ABSTRACTAlthough the existing international-relations scholarship argues that technological assistance in the nuclear domain increases the probability of nuclear proliferation, the historical account indicates otherwise. Congressional legislation for nonproliferation, economic sanctions, and poor state capacity—specifically, inept managerial capabilities of the recipient state—explain merely part of the puzzle, but overlook the role of positive inducements offered to impede nuclear proliferation. Historical evidence shows that the United States often provided technological assistance with the deliberate intent to inhibit proliferation. In other words, Washington employed its technological leverage to attain nonproliferation goals. American technological preponderance since the end of World War II made such an approach feasible. This study examines key Cold War cases—Israel/Egypt, India, and West Germany—where the United States offered technological assistance with the deliberate intent to stall nuclear proliferation, thereby underscoring the role of assistance for inhibitive ends. 相似文献
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Manuel Acosta Daniel Coronado Esther Ferrandiz M. Rosario Marin Pedro J. Moreno 《Defence and Peace Economics》2013,24(7):821-839
AbstractThis paper examines the generation of technological knowledge by leading companies in the defence industry. In particular, we test whether the characteristics of large defence companies are related to both the production of different types of patents (civilian, military and mixed), and the generation of dual-use technologies. To explore these links, we rely on economic data for the top 100 defence companies from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute database, and patent information from the Worldwide Patent Statistical Database. Our results show that the relationship between the production of civilian patents and the size of the company is positive and significant. However, this relationship does not hold for the production of military patents. Furthermore, the military commercial profile is unrelated to the generation of military patents. Regarding the involvement in dual-use technologies, firms engaged in dual-use are those with higher military sales, a greater number of employees and a larger number of patents (civilian, military and mixed) than those not engaged in dual-use. Furthermore, we found a skill effect (more involvement in dual-use per employee) in European firms compared to US firms. These findings help to identify which firms should be targeted by government policies if increasing dual-use technologies becomes a political objective. 相似文献
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科学技术是核心战斗力,科技创新思维是开启科技创新的“金钥匙”。为实现科技兴军目标,必须高度重视对科技创新思维的研究。本文首先提出马克思主义哲学是指导科技创新思维的锐利思想武器,并从唯物论、辨证法及认识论三个方面进行了论证;其次提出科技创新思维的三个本质特征,即新颖性、全维度和多样性;最后从五个方面提出科技创新思维的实践要求,即深刻认识创新对象、紧贴创新目标要求、重视创新实践探索、建构积淀创新知识、忠于坚守创新追求。 相似文献
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董生 《武警工程学院学报》2010,(1):19-21
在最新颁布实施的《中华人民共和国人民武装警察法》中,共有3条6处规定了武警部队在执行国内安全保卫任务时对其他机关的“协助”,但是这些协助性任务的性质并不是很明确。本文通过对行政协助构成关键点的剖析,探究该法律中的“协助”是否是真正意义上的行政协助。 相似文献
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魏志远 《兵团教育学院学报》2002,12(3):1-3
西北边疆地区综合型大学在科技发展中存在着一些问题,师资结构不合理,基础设施、研究条件相对落后.构建良好的科研体系,强化科技计划管理,为高校科技创新和发展提供动力. 相似文献
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用直流磁控溅射方法制备了SmCo薄膜,通过正交设计实验考察了工艺因素对薄膜沉积速率的影响规律。研究结果表明,影响薄膜沉积速率的主要因素是溅射功率,其次为靶基距,在0.5~2.0Pa的压强范围内,Ar气压强的大小对溅射速率的影响很小。X-射线衍射结果表明:制备态的SmCo薄膜为非晶结构,500℃真空热处理后,薄膜中出现少量的微晶SmCo5化合物。磁性能测试表明:制备态SmCo薄膜的矫顽力随薄膜厚度的增加而显著下降;真空热处理过程中,薄膜结构缺陷及成分起伏减少,薄膜的矫顽力和饱和磁场强度显著下降,初始磁导率和饱和磁化强度显著增加。 相似文献
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石油科技成果经济效益评价方法研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
依据石油科技成果的类型、专业类别、经济效益体现形式,计算其经济效益便可形成成千上万个计算公式,这给成果经济效益计算带来较大困难,为此提出了计算石油科技成果经济效益的增量思想、黑箱思想和分解叠加思想,并建立了石油科技成果经济效益计算指标体系,包括4个统计型和4个预测型效益指标,探讨了计算其经济效益的通用数学公式。以及经济效益预测的新模型。经过应用检验。说明文中提出的方法完全可以解决应用型石油科技成果经济效益的计算问题。 相似文献
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Although soft power is now seen as an indispensable foreign policy tool, its efficacy has rarely been put to a rigorous empirical test. Using data from HARMONIOUS MISSIONs 2010, 2011 and 2013, this article seeks to examine the degree to which the soft power engagement missions of the Chinese hospital ship, the Peace Ark, has advanced Chinese interests. Although any conclusions drawn must be considered preliminary, as so little time has passed between the ship's visits and the current analysis, this research indicates that these missions’ impact on advancing Chinese interests was at best limited. Although observations from a single set of cases are unlikely to settle the debate between soft power advocates and detractors, it is hoped that this research will serve as a catalyst to further empirically based research on this topic. 相似文献