传热对水边界层流动的影响

本文评述了壁面传热对水边界层流体流动及其阻力的影响,同时分析了加热减阻的应用及其影响因素。传热不仅对层流流动、层流向湍流的转捩以及湍流流动有明显的影响,而且对流动分离以及由分离引起的空化也有显著影响。以热脉冲加热的主动式加热方式既可用来产生和消除边界层的T-S波,也能用来控制边界层的分离。因此,热控制技术可望在控制边界层转捩和分离,减小流动阻力等方面得到应用。     

基于模糊模式识别的战场目标识别

分析战场目标的结构、材料、征候、特征及辐射原理等存在的差异,运用模糊模式识别方法,建立了战场目标识别的数学模型,给出了目标识别的详细步骤和方法:选取目标特征量、构造标准模糊集合、构造待识别模糊集合、应用择近原则进行目标识别,并通过算例,得到一些有价值的结论。模型和方法可供C3I系统快速准确的识别战场目标。     

基于"姿态矩阵"量测的机载导弹传递对准技术

"速度+姿态"量测匹配方案是目前比较理想的机载导弹传递对准技术.采用"姿态"量测时存在矩阵计算量大等缺点,在具体工程应用时更会受到计算机速度的限制,尤其是需要快速进行卡尔曼滤波计算时.引入了一种与"姿态"量测具有相同特点的"姿态矩阵"量测方案,设计了快速对准卡尔曼滤波器,并进行了仿真分析.结果表明是一种具有工程意义的实用快速传递对准技术.     

某高炮火控系统滤波器设计

对目前高炮火力控制系统目标滤波与预测进行了分析与研究。在此基础上结合工程实际设计了一种α-β滤波器,该滤波器的原理是把在连续系统中频率域的要求和在离散系统中Z域的要求转换成时域中在典型信号激励下的时间响应的特征值的要求,从而在时间域中以特征值的要求进行综合,再把综合的结果转换回Z域中,最终得到所确定的α-β滤波器,给出了α-β滤波器的Z传递函数、分析了α-β滤波器参数的确定,对α-β滤波器的静态误差进行了研究,对设计方案进行了计算机仿真和实际应用。     

Conflict dynamics and costs in the Greek Civil War 1946–1949

Using a new set of data from Greek Army sources, US military archives, and Communist Party documents, the paper provides a quantitative analysis of the armed confrontation that took place in Greece during 1946–1949. A dynamic Lotka–Volterra model is estimated, pointing to the existence of a conflict trap that explains the prolongation of the civil war and its dire consequences for the country. A regional analysis finds that the mobilization of guerrilla forces was crucially affected by morphology and the local persecutions of political rivals. Using neoclassical growth-accounting, the economic cost of the conflict is estimated to surpass an annual GDP, in line with similar findings in contemporary civil wars. The same framework is employed to assess the outcome in counterfactual situations discussed in this paper.     

Ambulance location for maximum survival

This article proposes new location models for emergency medical service stations. The models are generated by incorporating a survival function into existing covering models. A survival function is a monotonically decreasing function of the response time of an emergency medical service (EMS) vehicle to a patient that returns the probability of survival for the patient. The survival function allows for the calculation of tangible outcome measures—the expected number of survivors in case of cardiac arrests. The survival‐maximizing location models are better suited for EMS location than the covering models which do not adequately differentiate between consequences of different response times. We demonstrate empirically the superiority of the survival‐maximizing models using data from the Edmonton EMS system. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

Threshold optimization for weighted voting classifiers

Weighted voting classifiers considered in this paper consist of N units each providing individual classification decisions. The entire system output is based on tallying the weighted votes for each decision and choosing the one which has total support weight exceeding a certain threshold. Each individual unit may abstain from voting. The entire system may also abstain from voting if no decision support weight exceeds the threshold. Existing methods of evaluating the reliability of weighted voting systems can be applied to limited special cases of these systems and impose some restrictions on their parameters. In this paper a universal generating function method is suggested which allows the reliability of weighted voting classifiers to be exactly evaluated without imposing constraints on unit weights. Based on this method, the classifier reliability is determined as a function of a threshold factor, and a procedure is suggested for finding the threshold which minimizes the cost of damage caused by classifier failures (misclassification and abstention may have different price.) Dynamic and static threshold voting rules are considered and compared. A method of analyzing the influence of units' availability on the entire classifier reliability is suggested, and illustrative examples are presented. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 50: 322–344, 2003.     

水下仿生推进器阀控液压摆动关节建模与动态特性分析

采用液压驱动的模拟鱼柔性长背鳍波动运动的水下仿生推进器,当改变液压系统的流量和阀的控制参数时,其运动学参数能够迅速地做相应调整,实现平稳、流畅、连续的仿生运动。建立了阀控液压摆动关节的动力学模型,根据动力学模型得到系统传递函数,并绘制了Bode图。根据传递函数分析了阀控液压摆动关节的稳定特性、动态位置刚度特性和动态响应特性。结果表明阀控液压摆动关节具有一定的自稳定性,其工作频率与影响位置刚度的负载变化频率重叠,动态响应速度可以通过优化结构参数来调整。     

运动液滴蒸发时传热传质过程的理论分析

对突然置入气体环境中的运动液滴的非稳态蒸发过程进行了传热传质过程的理论分析,建立了初始瞬间液滴非稳态蒸发的数学模型,并对模型进行数值求解.结果表明,在一定情况下,运动液滴突然置于气体环境中的初始瞬间,由于气液界面上与周围环境之间存在较大的浓度差,使得液滴在初始瞬间的蒸发速率很大,将会使气液界面的温度有所下降,这一温度的下降范围与液滴的初始温度、环境的初始温度以及液滴的运动速度有关.     

基于Copula方法的含交易方违约的信用违约互换定价

本文讨论了含交易方违约的信用违约互换定价问题，应用无套利原理得到了模型的价格，文章采用蒙特卡洛方法对模型进行了数值模拟，讨论了模型的价格与合约期限以及公司违约相关系数的关系。