ON RATIONAL CHOICE THEORY AND THE STUDY OF TERRORISM

When rational choice theory is applied to the study of terrorism, it is important that attention be given to the derived principles of constrained utility maximization. Particularly useful is the Slutsky equation, which rigorously analyzes the quantity response in one activity to a price change in another. By directing attention to assumptions and/or information about compensated cross price elasticities, expenditure shares, and income elasticities, the Slutsky equation can provide critical guidance in both theoretical and empirical analysis.     

Defence expenditures and economic growth: The externality effect

In a series of articles published in the Fall 1990 issue of Defence Economics Alexander (1990), Atesoglu and Mueller (1990) and Huang and Mintz (1990) have all specified and empirically estimated defence‐growth models based on a neoclassical production function. We now isolate the externality component in our model, re‐estimate its coefficients using data on the U.S. economy 1952–88 and compare specifications and results with Atesoglu and Mueller (1990) and Alexander (1990).     

正弦波对无线电引信耦合通道及作用机理

现代战场复杂电磁环境严重威胁无线电引信战技性能的发挥.为了提出复杂电磁环境中降低无线电引信意外发火概率的防护对策,在简要介绍了实验装置与方法的基础上,研究了无线电引信的等幅正弦波辐照效应.确定了天线及弹体是造成引信意外发火的主要能量耦合通道,引信意外发火及作用机理是:引信天线及弹体接收正弦波信号,使引信高频电路工作状态发生变化,引信检波电压波动,最终导致引信意外发火.     

陆军信息对抗行动效果评估研究

信息对抗行动是陆军作战的重要行动之一,对陆军作战进程和结局影响重大。通过对信息进攻、信息防御和信息保障等主要内容的定性与定量分析,建立评估指标体系、评估数学模型,得出综合评估结果,为指挥员和指挥机关筹划后续行动提供可靠依据,使效果评估工作更加合理准确。     

水下航行体热尾流数值预报方法研究

研究了水下航行体红外隐身性等问题,提出了一种可对水下航行体热尾流进行数值预报的方法。在已建立了水下热尾流数学模型及海面热尾流红外辐射大气传输模型的基础上,采用几何投影的方法,确定机载红外成像器件焦平面上各个探测像元所对应的海面辐射区域,进而计算出探测器焦平面上每个探测像元所接收到的红外辐射能量,最后根据每个探测像元所接收到的红外辐射能量绘制伪彩色红外图像。按此方法在WindowXP平台上选用VC 6.0结合FLUENT及MODTRAN等专业软件,建立数据库,编写了仿真程序,可以对水下航行体的热尾流进行数值预报。     

基于FMECA的某型雷达系统故障分析

故障模式、影响及危害性分析 (简称FMECA)是提高系统可靠性的一种有效的工具。在雷达系统故障分析中运用FMECA方法 ,通过计算机辅助程序实现了故障分析的预测分析和定量分析。与传统的故障分析方法相比 ,该方法能够避免分析中的盲目性和主观性 ,可以获得更为准确的分析结果     

Multivariate meta analysis with potentially correlated marketing study results

A univariate meta analysis is often used to summarize various study results on the same research hypothesis concerning an effect of interest. When several marketing studies produce sets of more than one effect, multivariate meta analysis can be conducted. Problems one might have with such a multivariate meta analysis are: (1) Several effects estimated in one model could be correlated to each other but their correlation is seldom published and (2) an estimated effect in one model could be correlated to the corresponding effect in the other model due to similar model specification or the data set partly shared, but their correlation is not known. Situations like (2) happen often in military recruiting studies. We employ a Monte‐Carlo simulation to evaluate how neglecting such potential correlation affects the result of a multivariate meta analysis in terms of Type I, Type II errors, and MSE. Simulation results indicate that such effect is not significant. What matters is rather the size of the variance component due to random error in multivariate effects. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 500–510, 2000.     

由电击武器对人体的生理效应谈其开发和应用

目前非致命电击武器越来越普及，而关于该类武器生理效应方面的研究还比较缺乏。结合现有电击武器的电镖动能和电击对人体的作用进行分析研究，得出相应的非致伤范围，对新型电击武器的开发和应用具有一定的指导作用。     

Great-power Responsibility,Side-effect Harms and American Drone Strikes in Pakistan

In International Relations (IR), the actions of great powers are usually assessed through their direct effects. Great powers are generally considered to be responsible for the consequences of their actions if they intentionally caused them. Although there is discussion on “double-effects” and “side-effect harms” in the realms of philosophy and political sociology, these largely remain absent from the field of IR. This article bridges that gap by clarifying a set of yardsticks through which side-effect harms of great powers’ actions can be evaluated, including “capacity”, “historical precedent”, “voluntarism” and “unintentional causality”. These yardsticks are deduced through the Theory of Special Responsibilities, which combines elements of Constructivism and the English School. The theoretical framework presented is then applied to the case of American drone strikes in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) of Pakistan. A number of terrorists in FATA have relocated elsewhere within Pakistan to escape these strikes, subsequently harming individuals in new locations. The article asks: who bears responsibility for the harm brought to civilians by these dislocated terrorists? Analysis from the perspective of the theoretical framework, constructed and applied here, suggests that even if the US may claim not to have directly intended such an outcome, it still shares some responsibility for the harm to innocent civilians.     

静电放电模拟器辐照效应实验研究

对模拟器ESS - 2 0 0AX与NSG435的静电放电 (ESD)电流波形及其辐照效应实验进行了研究。实验结果表明 ,虽然两模拟器的放电电流波形均符合国际电工委员会IEC6 10 0 0 - 4- 2静电放电抗扰度实验标准 ,但进行辐照效应实验时 ,二者的测试结果并不一致。这主要是因为IEC标准只规定了放电电流的波形 ,而对模拟器放电枪的结构和外形未做出规定 ,使静电放电电磁场尤其是近区电磁场存在差异。要解决不同模拟器间测量结果的不一致性 ,IEC的相关标准除了规定放电电流的波形外 ,还应对放电电流的导数波形和相关的电磁场做出规定 ,尽量对放电枪的形状和结构给出统一的标准。