基于SCAS的防空反导装备体系作战能力指标设计

指标设计是进行武器装备体系发展论证和作战效能与作战能力评估分析的基础。着眼体系作战效能与作战能力评估分析需求,基于传感器（ Sensor）、控制器（ Controller）、执行器（ Actuator）、支持器（ Supporter）的柔性建模方法,对防空反导装备体系作战能力指标进行了设计,构建了其侦察预警能力、指挥控制能力、拦截打击能力、综合保障能力评估指标体系,并利用结构方程模型（ SEM）对指标之间的影响作用关系进行了分析,可为防空反导装备体系建设与运用提供重要借鉴。     

高功率微波对YBCO超导材料的改性

用固相反应法制备了123相YBCO超导块材。利用超导电性（Tc）测量、扫描电镜（SEM）等方法研究了高功率微波加载及退火处理对YBCO样品的影响。电阻－温度关系曲线表明,处理后的样品在超导起始转变温度Tco≈90K处由半导体型向超导转变,超导转变宽度△T增大。SEM结果显示,晶粒大大细化。作者认为,由于高功率微波对样品的瞬时高压作用,在样品中引入了阻碍磁通蠕动的钉扎中心,同时,退火处理改善了晶粒之间的弱连接,为提高临界电流密度Jc创造了条件。     

Defence spending and economic growth in South Africa: A supply and demand model*

This paper provides a contribution to the growing corpus of knowledge and understanding of the interaction between economic growth and defence spending in South Africa by specifying a Keynesian simultaneous equation model and estimating the system for the period 1961 to 1997. The model contains a growth equation, a savings equation, a trade balance equation and a military burden equation and when estimated by single equation and systems estimation methods is relatively well specified. There is evidence of an overall negative effect of military spending on the economy over this period, though the significance of individual coefficients is low. There is certainly no evidence of any positive impact, suggesting that cuts in military spending do present an opportunity for improved macroeconomic performance.     

基于SEM的装甲车辆驾驶作业疲劳主要影响因素识别研究

在对装甲车辆驾驶作业疲劳影响因素调查研究的基础上,利用AMOS5.0建立了装甲车辆驾驶作业疲劳影响因素结构方程模型,并检验了其合理性,对作业疲劳主要影响因素进行了识别和分析,分析结果可为改善装甲车辆驾驶作业环境、科学训练、驾驶员选拔以及降低作业疲劳程度的研究提供借鉴和参考。     

Research on the intermediate phase of 40CrMnSiB steel shell under different heat treatments

In this study, 40CrMnSiB steel cylindrical shells were tempered at 350, 500 and 600 ℃ to study the effect of tempering temperature on the dynamic process of expansion and fracture of the metal shell. A mid-explosion recovery experiment for the metal cylinder under internal explosive loading was designed, and the wreckage of the casings at the intermediate phase was obtained. The effects of different tempering temperatures on the macroscopic and microscopic fracture characteristics of 40CrMnSiB steel were studied. The influence of tempering temperatures on the fracture characteristic parameters of the recovered wreckage were measured and analyzed, including the circumferential divide size, the thick-ness and the number of the circumferential divisions. The results show that as the tempering temper-ature was increased from 350 to 600 ℃, at first, the degree of fragmentation and the fracture characteristic parameters of the recovered wreckage changed significantly and then became essentially consistent. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed flow-like structure characteristics caused by adiabatic shear on different fracture surfaces. At the detonation initiation end of the casing, fracturing was formed by tearing along the crack, which existed a distance from the initiation end and propagated along the axis direction. In contrast, the fracturing near the middle position consists of a plurality of radial shear fracture units. The amount of alloy carbide that was precipitated during the tempering process increased continuously with tempering temperature, leading to an increasing number of spherical carbide particles scattered around the fracture surface.     

高中生成就动机和一般自我效能感及其关系的研究

本文采用《一般自我效能感量表》(GSES)和《成就动机量表》(AMS)对253名高中生进行了测量,以探讨高中生成就动机与一般自我效能感之间的关系。其结果为:1.高中生成就动机性别差异与年级差异均不显著(P>0.05);2.高中生一般自我效能感的性别差异与年级差异也不显著(P>0.05)。     

Investigation on the process parameters of TIG-welded aluminum alloy through mechanical and microstructural characterization

Multi-pass TIG welding was conducted on plates (15×300×180 mm3) of aluminum alloy Al-5083 that usually serves as the component material in structural applications such as cryogenics and chemical processing industries. Porosity formation and solidification cracking are the most common defects when TIG welding Al-5083 alloy, which is sensitive to the welding heat input. In the experiment, the heat input was varied from 0.89 kJ/mm to 5 kJ/mm designed by the combination of welding torch travel speed and welding current. Tensile, micro-Vicker hardness and Charpy impact tests were executed to witness the impetus response of heat input on the mechanical properties of the joints. Radiographic inspection was performed to assess the joint's quality and welding defects. The results show that all the specimens displayed inferior mechanical properties as compared to the base alloy. It was established that porosity was progressively abridged by the increase of heat input. The results also clinched that the use of me-dium heat input (1-2 kJ/mm) offered the best mechanical properties by eradicating welding defects, in which only about 18.26% of strength was lost. The yield strength of all the welded specimens remained unaffected indicated no influence of heat input. Partially melted zone (PMZ) width also affected by heat input, which became widened with the increase of heat input. The grain size of PMZ was found to be coarser than the respective grain size in the fusion zone. Charpy impact testing revealed that the absorbed energy by low heat input specimen (welded at high speed) was greater than that of high heat input (welded at low speed) because of low porosity and the formation of equiaxed grains which induce better impact toughness. Cryogenic (-196 C) impact testing was also performed and the results corroborate that impact properties under the cryogenic environment revealed no appreciable change after welding at designated heat input. Finally, Macro and micro fractured surfaces of tensile and impact specimens were analyzed using Stereo and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), which have supported the experimental findings.     

微小曲率半径的图像处理测量方法

通过Quanta200型扫描电子显微镜获取待测物体表面数字图像,运用灰质化、图像增强、图像平滑、图像分割及边缘检测等技术提取研究对象的轮廓边缘。用Photoshop软件中测量图像标尺在水平方向的像素数目,绘制不同尺寸的标准圆与边缘轮廓线条内切,反复操作后确定最大内切圆。统计该内切圆直径像素个数,利用指定表达式计算其半径。以该法测量单颗金刚石磨粒尖端曲率半径,结果表明：基于图像处理的微小曲率半径测量技术在不具备复杂、精密的测试仪器时,具有可靠的测量准确度和可操作性。     

纤维织物复合材料组分材料体分比的显微CT实验测定法

针对纤维织物复合材料的组分材料体分比测定问题,提出一种基于显微CT图像的测定方法。该方法可以通过不同尺度的显微CT图像分别测定全局纤维体分比、局部纤维体分比和纤维束体分比参数,还可以为难以用常规物理实验测定体分比的复合材料组分材料体积分数测定提供解决方案。以E-Glass/Epoxy纤维织物复合材料为研究对象,对比ASTM D3171 Procedure G、扫描电镜实验和显微CT实验三种测定法的测量值,结果证明了显微CT实验测定法的可行性和合理性。针对扫描电镜图像和显微CT图像,分别给出了相应的图像处理方法,为获得正确的组分材料分割结果提供了技术保证。显微CT实验测定方法可以广泛应用于复合材料组分材料体分比的测定。     

富 BaCO3对YBCO超导样品的超导性能的影响

为提高123相高温超导材料的临界电流密度Jc,本文从改变样品的用料配方、革新制备工艺等方面做了一些尝试和研究.在生成约 10 g123相超导样品正常配比的基础上,分别多加了5mg到100mg不等的BaCO3,采用固相反应法制备了超导体块材.通过比较各样品的超导转变温度Tc、超导转变宽度ΔT、临界电流密度Jc、扫描电镜照片和X-Ray衍射谱图,可以得出:富BaCO3123相超导体的超导转变温度Tc均大于90K;ΔT=1～3K;20mg的富BaCO3有利于123相的形成;一定量富BaCO3的加入对提高123相超导材料的临界电流密度Jc很有利.