机动发射条件下助推滑翔导弹射击诸元快速解算

针对机动发射条件下助推滑翔导弹对全程弹道快速生成的迫切需求,在弹道设计中选取7个关键性控制量参数作为全程弹道射击诸元,并提出与之相对应的诸元解算算法。将全程弹道分为助推段、初始下降段、滑翔段和俯冲攻击段,在统一化运动模型描述的基础上,运用参数化迭代的思路,依次对不同飞行阶段诸元进行了快速求解,满足多种复杂约束条件。在全程诸元迭代解算模式的基础上,提出助推段沿用中心弹道诸元,仅对其他射击诸元进行重计算的部分诸元迭代解算模式。仿真结果表明:采用所提助推滑翔导弹射击诸元快速解算方法,可在大范围机动条件下对远距离地面固定目标进行快速精确打击。     

Russia and Strategic Conventional Weapons:

ABSTRACT

Russian political leaders and military strategists are growing increasingly concerned about “strategic conventional weapons”—a broad category that appears to include all non-nuclear, high-precision, standoff weapons—and about long-range, hypersonic weapons, in particular. These concerns are complex and multifaceted (and, in some cases, contradictory), but chief among them are the beliefs that strategic conventional weapons could prove decisive in a major conflict and that Russia is lagging behind in their development. US programs to develop and acquire such weapons—namely, the Conventional Prompt Global Strike program—are of great concern to Russian strategists, who argue both that the United States seeks such weapons for potential use against Russia—its nuclear forces, in particular—and because strategic conventional weapons are more “usable” than nuclear weapons. Asymmetric responses by Russia include increased reliance on tactical nuclear weapons, efforts to enhance the survivability of its nuclear forces, and investments in air and missile defenses. There is also strong—but not completely conclusive evidence—that Russia is responding symmetrically by attempting to develop a long-range, conventionally armed boost-glide weapon.     

Boost-glide Weapons and US-China Strategic Stability

ABSTRACT

The United States and China are testing boost-glide weapons, long-range strike systems capable of flying at Mach 5 or faster through the upper atmosphere. For the United States, these systems would provide a conventional prompt global strike capability, which, together with US ballistic missile defense programs, Chinese experts regard as a threat to China's ability to conduct nuclear retaliation. This perception is encouraging the Chinese military to modify its nuclear posture in ways that tend to create greater risks for both sides. If China's own boost-glide systems are meant to carry nuclear payloads only, their deployment would not fundamentally alter the current situation between the two states. However, if they were conventionally armed or dual-purpose, or if the United States could not determine the payloads they carried, the deployment of Chinese boost-glide systems could compound problems of strategic stability created by the introduction of ballistic missile defense, antisatellite, and antiship ballistic missile capabilities. If the technical hurdles can be overcome, it may be difficult for the two sides to refrain from these deployments in the absence of strong mutual trust or an established arms-control relationship. New confidence-building measures and expanded mutual transparency are warranted to avoid creating new dangers.     

助推—滑翔式导弹中段弹道方案的初步分析

建立了助推—滑翔式弹道中段的无量纲运动方程。采用非线性规划方法实现弹道优化。首先求解不同初始速度、速度倾角和最大升阻比的最大射程弹道,然后考虑驻点热流、过载约束,求解总气动加热最小和射程最大的最优弹道。基于前者的计算结果分析了初始条件对最大射程弹道的影响。将考虑约束的再入滑翔弹道与弹道式再入的特征参数比较,表明再入滑翔弹道的峰值热流较小,而总气动加热增加,但再入滑翔飞行时间在一般锥形体再入机动飞行器的热防护系统可承受的时间范围内。     

助推-滑翔飞行器弹道分段优化研究

通过数值计算得到了升力体飞行器的气动参数,利用Radau伪谱法将助推-滑翔飞行器弹道优化问题转化为非线性规划问题,分别对主动段和滑翔段进行优化,通过仿真得到了飞行器从助推到滑翔的完整弹道,分析了主动段性能指标对飞行器最大射程的影响。研究结果表明,采用主动段关机点速度最大为性能指标的优化方案,其射程最大,且实现难度适中。