气液两相管流流型识别理论研究进展

综述了气液两相流流型识别理论及方法的研究进展。首先探讨了流型划分问题，然后针对水平管路、垂直管路及摇摆管路介绍了两相流流型转换机理及转换的边界条件；对于流型的在线识别，介绍了基于波动理论、神经网络和图像处理的流型识别方法。最后提出了气液两相管流流型识别中亟待开展的理论研究方向。     

An interactive approach to multicriteria sorting for quasiconcave value functions

In this article, we develop an interactive algorithm to place alternatives in ordered preference classes for a decision maker (DM) with an increasing quasiconcave value function. Such value functions are quite general in that they include linear and concave value functions. Our aim is to elicit sorting information from the DM as few times as possible; our algorithm places other alternatives using previous responses from the DM utilizing properties of quasiconcave value functions. As an application, we sort 81 global MBA programs into preference classes using criteria such as alumni career progress, idea generation, and diversity. We study the performance of our proposed algorithm, when we change the number of criteria, number of alternatives, and introduce response errors. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 447–457, 2014     

序列近似优化方法及其在火箭外形快速设计中的应用

针对序列近似优化方法在代理模型构造与采样策略等方面的不足,基于采样点局部密度,引入与局部密度成反比的样本点影响体积概念,通过优化总影响体积确定径向基函数最优核宽度,满足序列近似优化过程不同规模、非均匀样本条件下的函数近似需要;建立潜在可行域最大距离加点准则,并与潜在最优加点准则结合平衡算法的探索能力与开发能力;建立三步收敛判定准则;构建改进序列近似优化的算法流程。对于Golinski减速器的优化设计问题,算法在目标函数调用42次后便搜索到全局最优解,体现了其良好的全局寻优能力与搜索效率。以"天航二号"火箭为例,建立其外形优化问题数学模型,所提优化方法在调用原始计算模型165次之后便搜索到全局最优解,大大提高了设计效率,同时飞行试验也表明设计结果满足要求。     

Defining quantitative criteria for the physical protection system effectiveness of nuclear facilities

The article is devoted to problems of defining quantitative criteria for the physical protection system (PPS) effectiveness of nuclear facilities. The article briefly describes the scheme of the PPS development used in the nuclear industry in Russia, gives a review of existing approaches to defining the minimal acceptable value of the system's effectiveness, and reveals advantages and disadvantages of the approaches. The article describes in detail an approach based on facility categorization by potential losses and a technique of defining the minimal acceptable value of the PPS effectiveness developed on its base.     

On the median residual lifetime and its aging properties: A characterization theorem and applications

This paper is devoted to study several aspects of the median residual life function (MERLF). In reliability studies, it is well known that, although the MERLF have several advantages over the mean residual life function (MRLF), the MRLF has the good property of uniquely determine a life distribution whereas either the median residual life function (MERLF) or an α‐percentile residual life do not have such good property. We shall give a characterization result where knowledge of both the MERLF and the survival function on an interval does uniquely determine the distribution. Moreover, in order to apply this characterization in practical situations, we propose a method to estimate the necessary information of the survival function. Relationships between analytical properties of the survival function and its associated MERLF are also obtained. Bryson and Siddiqui [J Am Statist Assoc 64 (1969), 1472–1483] proved relationships among seven criteria for aging, out of which two contained the MRLF (decreasing MRLF and net decreasing MRLF). In this paper, we prove that the same pattern of relationships holds if the MRLF is replaced by the MERLF. We also examine the aging criteria corresponding to an increasing MERLF and show that there is no relation between the behavior (increasing or decreasing) of the MERLF and of the MRLF. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005     

Constructing a strict total order for alternatives characterized by multiple criteria: An extension

The problem of finding a strict total order for a finite set of multiple criteria alternatives is considered. Our research extends previous work by us, which considered finding a partial order for a finite set of alternatives. We merge the preference information extracted from the preference cones and corresponding polyhedral sets, with the information derived from pairwise comparisons of two alternatives, yielding a preference matrix. This preference matrix is used as input to an integer programming model to obtain a strict total order that provides a transitive ranking for the set of alternatives. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 155–163, 2014     

基于径向基代理模型的序列优化中自适应再采样策略

针对径向基插值代理模型样本点预测误差为零时无法获得误差函数进行序列再采样优化的问题,将样本点分布约束引入序列再采样过程,利用潜在最优解加速收敛性,提出一种适用于径向基插值代理模型序列优化的再采样策略,该策略兼顾仿真模型的输出响应特性与样本点的空间分布特性。仿真结果表明,使用该在采样策略后,算法寻优效率和精度均优于传统基于代理模型的优化方法,在对最优解进行有效预测的同时,能显著减少原始模型计算次数。     

潜射反舰导弹武器系统作战效能指标体系设计初探

根据潜射反舰导弹武器系统作战使用情况,在借鉴ＷＳＥＩＡＣ系统效能分析方法基础上,结合作战运用效能分析方法,初步探讨了该武器系统作战效能指标体系的设计过程。     

效能准则及其选取原则探讨

对武器系统效能分析中一个十分重要的步骤──效能准则及其选取原则进行了探讨,分析了效能准则的多种具体形式,并提出了选取效能准则的几个原则,为效能分析的定性化阶段提供一些有益启示。     

Reduction of global effects on vehicles after IED detonations

Global effects caused by the detonation of an IED near a military vehicle induce subsequent severe acceleration effects on the vehicle occupants. Two concepts to minimize these global effects were developed, with the help of a combined method based on a scaled experimental technology and numerical simulations. The first concept consists in the optimization of the vehicle shape to reduce the momentum transfer and thus the occupant loading. Three scaled V-shaped vehicles with different ground clearances were built and compared to a reference vehicle equipped with a flat floor. The second concept, called dynamic impulse compensation (DIC), is based on a momentum compensation technique. The principal possibility of this concept was demonstrated on a scaled vehicle. In addition, the numerical simulations have been performed with generic full size vehicles including dummy models, proving the capability of the DIC technology to reduce the occupant loading.