音圈电机驱动的快刀伺服系统性能测试

研发了一种新的音圈电机驱动的超精密快刀伺服系统,行程达到30mm,最大加速度为920m/s2。通过实验手段获得系统的运动模型,用于控制器的设计。针对一类典型的光学复杂结构曲面-微小透镜阵列进行加工,并对加工结果进行测试与分析。测试结果表明,所研发的快刀伺服系统达到了加工技术要求,为该系统在实际加工中更广泛的应用打下了基础。     

微槽结构单点金刚石飞切加工的切削力建模

超精密单点金刚石飞刀切削技术是一种比较新颖的微槽类结构加工方式。在飞切过程中,切削力是切削过程中重要的物理量,对加工后的表面质量、刀具磨损等有着直接影响。提出了一种基于直角微切削理论的动态微槽类结构飞切的力学模型,基于微切削理论,得到了前、后刀面切削力的理论模型。根据飞切的几何运动特征,建立了飞切过程中剪切角的计算模型,并根据单圈飞切实验得到了飞切过程中剪切面的变化规律。为了验证模型的正确性,采用不同切削参数进行了多圈重叠飞切实验,对切削力进行了测量和分析。实验得到的切削力大小和变化规律与理论模型计算得到的基本一致,证明了该切削力模型的有效性。     

音圈电机驱动的超精密快刀伺服系统的性能研究

基于快刀伺服系统的超精密金刚石车削加工技术是光学自由曲面高效率、高精密的加工手段。本文介绍了一种新的音圈电机驱动的超精密快刀伺服系统,行程达到30mm,最大加速度为920m/s₂。通过实验手段获得了系统的运动模型,来用于控制器的设计。针对一类典型的光学自由曲面-微透镜阵列进行了加工,并对加工结果进行了测试与分析。测试结果表明,所研制的快刀伺服系统达到了加工技术要求,为以后该系统在实际加工中更广泛的应用研究打下了基础。     

CYLINDRICITY ERROR COMPENSATION IN DIAMOND TURNING VIA P－INTEGRATOR REPETITIVE CONTROL

ＣＹＬＩＮＤＲＩＣＩＴＹＥＲＲＯＲＣＯＭＰＥＮＳＡＴＩＯＮＩＮＤＩＡＭＯＮＤＴＵＲＮＩＮＧＶＩＡＰ－ＩＮＴＥＧＲＡＴＯＲＲＥＰＥＴＩＴＩＶＥＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＬｉＳｈｅｎｇｙｉ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭｅｃｈａｎｔｒｏｎｉｃｓａｎｄＩｎｓｔｒｕｍｅｎｔ...     

界面热阻对金刚石/银复合材料导热率的影响

研究了金刚石／银复合材料的导热率与金刚石的含量、粒度等之间的关系,着重讨论了界面热阻对复合材料导热率的影响。并阐述了金刚石表面镀钛,能有效改善金刚石对银的润湿性,降低界面热阻,从而提高金刚石／银复合材料的导热率。     

THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO

The armed conflict in the DRC has been characterised by appalling, widespread and systematic human rights violations. It varies from civil war to a war between national armies. Much of the conflict falls between these two categories due to the involvement of foreign troops in civil strife, as well as foreign rebel groups fighting their home government's troops but on Congolese soil. The most pressing need is to cease hostilities and address the humanitarian situation in the country. Questions of justice and accountability, and issues relating to the rule of law will have to be addressed soon in order to achieve a durable peace in the country and in the region. Since there are links between different conflicts in the region, a broader solution should preferably be found. However, this would further complicate an already difficult proposition. Efforts limited to the DRC would be more feasible and could lead to similar measures in other conflict ridden countries in the region. This essay therefore discusses the available processes for justice.     

振动影响下金刚石车削表面的形貌仿真

超精密车削加工中,影响工件表面形貌的主要因素有刀具的几何形状、进给速度、主轴转速、刀具与工件的相对振动等,考虑这些因素,对超精密加工的三维表面形貌进行建模,并通过仿真分析刀具轮廓在工件径向截面内可能发生的剪切现象。验证结果表明,用该模型仿真超精密端面车削的工件表面能得到较好的效果。利用该模型可以模拟刀具切削运动的轨迹、预测工件表面三维微观形貌及二维截面轮廓形状等表面特征,并可将其作为实际切削加工中切削参数优化的理论指导。     

微小曲率半径的图像处理测量方法

通过Quanta200型扫描电子显微镜获取待测物体表面数字图像,运用灰质化、图像增强、图像平滑、图像分割及边缘检测等技术提取研究对象的轮廓边缘。用Photoshop软件中测量图像标尺在水平方向的像素数目,绘制不同尺寸的标准圆与边缘轮廓线条内切,反复操作后确定最大内切圆。统计该内切圆直径像素个数,利用指定表达式计算其半径。以该法测量单颗金刚石磨粒尖端曲率半径,结果表明：基于图像处理的微小曲率半径测量技术在不具备复杂、精密的测试仪器时,具有可靠的测量准确度和可操作性。     

The security sector and the plunder of Zimbabwe’s Chiadzwa alluvial diamonds: the ‘goat mentality’ in practice

While the human rights impact of the deployment of state security agencies in the Chiadzwa diamond fields has been explored, it is important to continue to expose the increasing tendency within the sector to take public resources that should be protected by the state and used for the benefit of the people and channel them for personal gain. The security sector stranglehold of President Robert Mugabe and the ruling political party, the Zimbabwe African National Union Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF), has facilitated the siphoning of Chiadzwa diamond revenue into the pockets of individual security personnel. The unfolding sociopolitical crisis in Zimbabwe has also meant that these security personnel have been deployed beyond conflict zones and into traditionally civilian domains, with dire consequences for the public purse. With this in mind, it is asserted that these issues have driven state security agencies to enrich themselves through what is termed in this article as a ‘goat mentality’. The article thus explores the ways in which state security agencies have been deployed and gone on to promote personal enrichment in the Chiadzwa diamond fields.     

光学阵列器件的慢刀伺服车削加工技术

慢刀伺服技术是相对于快刀伺服提出的方法.采用C轴、X轴、Z轴联动的方法在极坐标或圆柱坐标内进行加工.光学阵列如微透镜阵列、微反射镜阵列在高速数据、声音和视频信号传输中具有重要作用.将光学阵列看作一个自由曲面,使用慢刀伺服车削技术一次加工成形,可以解决传统加工中将光学阵列分块加工后拼装和调整的困难.但是由于光学阵列表面形状复杂,其表面法线的突变可能会使机床运动超出伺服轴执行能力.根据慢刀伺服加工技术的特点,建立了伺服轴执行能力限制曲线,研究了不同刀具半径补偿方式对加工的影响.实验结果表明,根据机床伺服轴执,厅能力合理选择刀具半径补偿方式可实现微光学阵列器件高精度加工.