中国传统文化世界化的翻译策略

我国传统文化走向世界需要通过翻译克服“语言的障碍”,翻译时却面临文化差异带来的理解上的困难。为解决这一问题,本文提出翻译的三大策略:求同策略,即使用详细的注释沟通文化差异;存异策略,即使用外语词汇组合或派生出合适的新词区别类似的概念;融合策略,即在外语中增加汉语的拼音词并加以注释,使汉语渗透到外语中去。     

In spite of reform: NATO HQ still in the grips of nations

Security Intergovernmental Organizations, here illustrated by NATO, persist in a “permitted interval” of internationalization, i.e. permitted by its member-states. On the one hand, they are seldom or never permitted to vanish due to member-states' vested interests in retaining them as tools of statecraft, even if their original purposes have become redundant. On the other hand, there is an internationalization ceiling that they must respect: they should not become too autonomous and thereby no longer be suitable as member-state tools. In spite of post-Cold War reform, interviews carried out at NATO Headquarters (HQ) in the late 1980s compared to interviews in 2012 display that a continuous pulling and hauling of forces of internationalization and renationalization have taken place around NATO HQ. The only instance of clear internationalization can be observed in the proactive diplomacy of Secretary General Fogh Rasmussen. There is stiff opposition to the internationalization of abolishing the Military Committee/International Military Staff among minor and South European states, and there is no waning in states' attempts to micro-manage the International Staff. Only external shocks can overcome resistance to internationalizing reform.     

影响汉语国际化的内在因素

汉语作为一种古老的语言,越来越受到各国人民的普遍关注,外国人学习汉语的热情空前高涨。随着我国综合国力的不断增强,国际地位的不断提高,与世界各国在政治、经济、科技文化等方面的广泛交流与合作,迫切要求汉语冲出国门,走向世界。但汉语作为表意文字,难写、难认、难记、难学。给现代信息文化的传播与交流,尤其是计算机输入与应用带来难以想像的困难。另一方面,大陆使用的简化字与港、澳、台使用的繁体字在国际上的并用,也给汉字的使用造成混乱,因此,汉语要走向世界,必须规范、统一、简化。