Interstate border disputes in Africa: Their resolution and implications for human rights and peace

Many researchers have focused on the role colonialism has played in causing interstate border disputes in Africa. Besides the colonial issue, this paper seeks to investigate what other factors fuel interstate border disputes in Africa and determine how effectively the disputes can be resolved. In recent decades, Africa has been tormented by and is still experiencing numerous interstate border disputes which have serious implications for the disputing states. Some of the disputes are resolved, but violations of human rights and instability still occur in these regions. By analysing the content of some relevant documents and with the use of interviews, this paper reveals that most disputing African states rely heavily on foreign intervention (especially by their erstwhile colonial masters) in the resolution of their disputes. It is argued that African leaders need to be more committed and exhibit better leadership in resolving their border disputes, and that they should always seek the expertise of African forums such as the African Union (AU) before calling for foreign intervention. It is suggested that African leaders and the AU understand the problems of Africans better than anyone else, and they are also the ones mostly greatly affected by these disputes. Thus, there needs to be more of a focus on addressing the root causes of disputes in order to avoid them resurfacing, rather than seeking to merely halt them.     

Explaining Cohesion in an Insurgent Organization: The Case of the Mizo National Front

Despite the prevalence of violent uprisings against the states, existing literature has produced a generalized explanation of the causes and onset of such uprisings ignoring crucial aspects of (non-state) armed group cohesion, such as their capabilities to manage intra-group tensions and rivalries. In this paper, I examine recent research in the field of civil conflict to understand the importance of investigating underlying constraints which can cause serious impediments to the capabilities of a state during the course of a war. The paper then focuses on the importance of internal strategic resources, such as pre-war and wartime sociopolitical networks in which insurgents mobilize, recruit new cadres and maintain intra-group cooperation, to suggest how it can contain the consequences of counterinsurgency operations and other state strategies on the internal cohesion of an insurgent group. A detailed case study of the Mizo National Front (MNF) in India demonstrates the argument’s plausibility.     

日本出入境管理中的反恐措施及其启示

依据《关于修正出入境管理及难民认定法部分内容的法律》,介绍并分析了日本出入境管理中反恐措施的出发点、由来、具体内容及对我国出入境管理、反恐立法与人权保障等方面的启示。     

部队环境对武警初级指挥警官成长的作用及启示

部队环境对武警初级指挥警官成长的作用是综合性的,影响因素是多方面的。从思想政治、军事训练、行政管理、遂行任务等方面,对部队对初级指挥警官成长的作用进行分析,并就如何创造良好的环境使初级指挥警官健康成长进行了探讨,以期对初级指挥警官的培养提供理论基础和现实依据。     

美国国防部指令5000.01重大变革分析及启示

美国国防采办系统是世界上最为庞大、复杂、严谨、运转稳定的采办系统,为维持美国的强大军事优势做出了突出贡献。近年来,为了确保军事技术优势的可持续发展,美国的国防采办系统在国防战略牵引下,也一直处于不断调整完善之中,并且有不断加速的趋势。2020年,美国国防部总结各项采办改革实践中的经验和教训,对国防部指令5000.01《国防采办系统》进行了重大变革调整。本文首先简要介绍了此次变革的背景;其次,从政策和职能两个方面分析了变革的内容,探究国防采办政策的新变化与新思路,管窥国防采办系统的发展动向;最后,在上述研究基础上,从法规政策、新科技运用等四个方面提出几点启示,以期为军队装备采购工作提供借鉴与参考。     

Unsolved murders and the investigative failures of the Nigerian police force: Security and sociopolitical implications

This article focuses on the systemic failures of the Nigerian police force to unravel the mysteries surrounding homicides in the country, along with the security, social and political implications of the ongoing trend. The article draws on documented pieces of evidence of high-profile murders, along with the causes of the upsurge in murder incidences and the inhibitive factors relating to the investigative procedures of the police. The suitability of the theory of subaltern realism and the concept of third-world security predicaments in explaining the peculiarities of Nigeria’s internal security challenges is examined, along with the problems of the legitimacy of political regimes and weak borders. There is a need for the National Assembly of Nigeria to exercise its constituted powers in reawakening and supervising investigations into dormant cases of murder through its committees on police affairs, public safety and national security. The police should check its organisational failures, which may be related to using the wrong investigative approaches, low levels of information, limited resources, corrupt practices, and pressure to obtain quick results.