The Obama administration's phased-adaptive architecture: technological,operational and political issues

In 2009, the Obama administration announced a new missile defense strategy, termed a phased-adaptive architecture (PAA) focused primarily on countering the growing threat from theater ballistic missiles. The success of this strategy is predicated on the rapid development and fielding of successive increments of defensive capability in a manner adapted to the specific requirements for missile defenses in different regions of the world. The administration is committed to building a European regional missile defense system, the European PAA or EPAA between now and 2020. The first elements of the EPAA were deployed in late 2011. However, much progress is still required in order to reach the goals set for the PAA. This article addresses the technological, operational and political issues confronting the Obama administration in its efforts to make the PAA a reality.     

非理想信道下测量零值无偏干扰抑制滤波器设计

现有的抗干扰滤波器在通道非理想特性下会导致接收机测量零值发生偏移,且偏移量与干扰参数相关,其已成为高精度测距接收机实现其精度提升的主要障碍。针对上述问题,从对称通道特性出发,给出一种无偏的时域抗干扰滤波器设计技术。解决了传统的时域抗干扰滤波器在非理想信道下测量零值偏移的问题,且工程实现简单。理论分析和仿真实验进一步验证了方法的有效性,采用该方法可以使测量零值偏移小于0.2 ns。     

确定相对体制雷达对不同飞机性能的检飞标准

如何在不同检飞机型的条件下,检验防空导弹武器系统制导雷达的性能,是工程上亟待解决的技术问题。将实践经验和理论分析充分结合,本着经济实用的原则,提出了"对比检飞、等信噪比和等概率"的指标转换方法,确定了不同检飞机型的评定标准。通过实际应用,证明确定的标准切合实际。     

自补偿液体静压精密转台轴承设计与实验

设计了一种用于精密转台的新型自补偿圆锥形液体静压轴承,并完成了轴承的制造与性能测试。采用流量平衡原理推导了轴承设计公式,得到了轴向和径向的最优刚度及其优化条件,计入制造误差对轴承承载性能进行了仿真,并测试了轴承的刚度和回转精度。结果表明:轴承刚度受到节流间隙与承载间隙的流阻比以及油腔间内流系数影响,流阻比存在最优值,而内流系数越小,对刚度越有利;计入制造误差的仿真模型能够有效预测轴承刚度范围。     

精确制导武器发展趋向

通过“科索沃战争”中精确制导武器使用情况的跟踪研究 ,结合近年来国外公开报道的有关资料 ,分析未来高技术条件下局部战争对精确制导武器的发展需求 ,提出在军事技术高速发展新形势下精确制导武器发展趋向。     

三维多站测向交叉定位算法及精度分析

在多站的测向交叉定位中,常把三维问题分解成二维和一维分别解算,这种方法虽简单易行,但定位精度有待进一步的提高。文中详细推算了这种算法的误差模型;然后给出一种用泰勒级数法结合最小二乘的思想进行定位的方法,并通过仿真计算证明了这种泰勒级数法的定位性能要优于前者。     

Actuator characterization of a man-portable precision maneuver concept

The US Army Research Laboratory is conducting research to explore technologies that may be suitable for maneuvering man-portable munitions. Current research is focused on the use of rotary actuators with spin-stabilized munitions. A rotary actuator holds the potential of providing a low-power solution for guidance of a spinning projectile. This is in contrast to a linear (reciprocating) actuator which would need to constantly change direction, resulting in large accelerations which in turn would require large forces, thereby driving up the actuator power. A rotational actuator would be operating at a fairly constant rotation rate once it is up to speed, resulting in much lower power requirements. Actuator experiments conducted over a variety of conditions validate the dynamic models of the actuator and supply the data necessary for model parameter estimation. Actuator performance metrics of spin rate response, friction, and power requirements were derived from the data. This study indicates that this class of maneuver concepts can be driven with these actuators. These results enable actuator design and multi-disciplinary simulation of refined maneuver concepts for a specific application.     

合作定位节点选择策略

合作定位是指接收机之间通过合作网络交换关键定位信息实现协同定位的新技术,接收机进行合作定位过程中可供使用的辅助节点包括可视卫星和已定位邻居接收机。接收机之间的合作增加定位过程中的可用辅助节点数量,进而增加位置估计的计算量和计算时间,在可用辅助节点较多时,定位实时性很难得到保证。提出改进次优节点选择算法,计算备选节点之间单位向量差作为节点价值,选择拥有最大价值的节点作为辅助节点。将新算法与4种典型的节点选择算法进行了对比,仿真实验证明该算法能够在较短时间内选择出接近最优算法得到的组合,综合性能优于现有节点选择算法。     

盟军行动特点及其启示

在简述盟军行动概况基础上,系统总结了北约军事行动打击过程的特点和南联盟防空系统作用,提出了引起思考的几个问题,最后探讨了盟军行动所带来的启示。     

An experiment evaluating how the tiny mass eccentricities in spin-stabilized projectiles affect the position of impact points

This study investigates and quantifies some possible sources affecting the position of impact points of small caliber spin-stabilized projectiles (such as 12.7 mm bullets). A comparative experiment utilizing the control variable method was designed to figure out the influence of tiny eccentric centroids on the projectiles. The study critically analyzes data obtained from characteristic parameter measurements and precision trials. It also combines Sobol's algorithm with an artificial intelligence algorithm—Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS)—in order to conduct global sensitivity analysis and determine which parameters were most influential. The results indicate that the impact points of projectiles with an entry angle of 0° deflected to the left to that of projectiles with an entry angle of 90°. The difference of the mean coordinates of impact points was about 12.61 cm at a target range of 200 m. Variance analysis indicated that the entry angle — i.e. the initial position of mass eccentricity — had a notable influence. After global sensitivity analysis, the significance of the effect of mass eccentricity was confirmed again and the most influential factors were determined to be the axial moment and transverse moment of inertia (Izz Iyy), the mass of a projectile (m), the distance between nose and center of mass along the symmetry axis for a projectile (Lm), and the eccentric distance of the centroid (Lr). The results imply that the control scheme by means of modifying mass center (moving mass or mass eccentricity) is promising for designing small-caliber spin-stabilized projectiles.