Protection of armoured vehicles against chemical,biological and radiological contamination

The article presents problems related to mechanical protection of vehicles with different add-on armours against chemical,biological and radiological contamination.This applies to vehicles with additional passive,reactive and hybrid protection in the form of cassettes against piercing with anti-tank pro-jectiles,piercing with their kinetic energy of impact,and as a result of chemical energy of shaped charges as well as explosively formed projectiles.It has been shown how increased ballistic protection of these vehicles at the same time reduces their decontaminability in various places of the vehicle due to the increased additional surface of the vehicle with cassettes.Prevention of contamination of these cassettes has been presented as a way of reducing hard to reach surface for decontamination and a method of insulating construction elements(stands),fixing these cassettes to the vehicle,from the environment to prevent contact with contaminated liquids and dusts.The selection of appropriate materials is shown,which may affect the improvement of the decontamination efficiency of the vehicle with such cassettes.This applies to the use of materials with low absorption of chemical warfare agents,which prevent the accumulation of large amounts of these agents on contaminated surfaces and improve the effectiveness of decontamination.It also shows how to ensure better access of the disinfectant to as much of the vehicle surface as possible,covered with cassettes that have been contaminated.It shows how a vehicle,in particular with such cassettes,can provide protection against radar detection when Radar Absorbent Material is used on vehicle cassettes.     

舰用主锅炉低负荷时升压运行对蒸汽净化的影响

分析了蒸汽压力变化对饱和蒸汽湿度和汽水分离的影响,并在模拟器上进行了定量计算,得出的结论为某型舰用主锅炉低负荷时升压运行提供了理论依据.     

等离子体技术在核化生洗消中的应用研究

等离子体技术是一种高效、快速的污染消除技术,在核化生洗消领域表现出良好的应用前景,国内外都在对其进行广泛而深入的研究。综述了近年来国内外等离子体技术在核化生洗消领域的研究情况,并提出了该技术应用于洗消领域尚需解决的问题和发展趋势。     

U.S. policy on preventive war and preemption

In the aftermath of September 11, 2001 and Hurricane Katrina, the United States government has spent tens of billions of dollars to improve the nation's ability to respond to a natural disaster or terrorist attack, but the emphasis on immediate first response has left many long-term environmental, political, and technological challenges unaddressed. Although a dirty bomb attack is unlikely to yield the same amount of physical devastation and death as caused by Katrina or a nuclear weapon, the social, psychological, and economic impact would be enormous. At present, however, the United States lacks the technology necessary to decontaminate a large, densely populated urban area under time, political, and economic constraints. This article reviews past cleanup experiences and current decontamination capabilities to consider the long-term implications of a dirty bomb, identifies weaknesses in America's existing response capabilities, notes possible areas of political friction, and considers the implications of the failure to adequately prepare. Having the appropriate decontamination techniques established and long-term plans in place before an incident occurs will significantly improve the government's ability to protect public and environmental security, establish a viable decontamination strategy, allow residents to return to their homes, and get the local economy back on its feet.     

脉冲电晕放电降解马拉硫磷染毒空气的实验研究

以马拉硫磷为毒剂模拟剂,采用脉冲电晕放电等离子体对其染毒空气进行洗消实验研究,考察了脉冲电压、脉冲频率和气体流量对洗消效果的影响。结果发现洗消率随着峰值电压和脉冲频率的增大而提高,随着气体流量的增大而减小。对不同浓度马拉硫磷的降解结果表明,随着初始浓度的增大洗消率降低,但绝对消除量增加。采用了GC-MS和化学方法对洗消产物进行定性分析．     

敌腐特灵皮肤碱烧伤应急处置对策

对敌腐特灵、硼酸和水应急冲洗家兔烧碱灼伤皮肤进行研究，结果表明，不管哪种洗消剂，洗消越及时、对创面愈合越有利；洗消荆冲洗创面时对创面温度影响不大，从用量和冲洗的效果上看敌腐特灵〉硼酸〉水。