The multiplicative representation for multiple objectives optimization with an application for arms procurement

Multiple Objectives Optimization is much seen in combination with linear functions and even with linear programming, together with an adding of the objectives by using weights. With distance functions, normalization instead of weights is used. It is also possible that together with an additive direct influence of the objectives on the utility function a mutual utility of the objectives exists under the form of a multiplicative representation. A critical comment is brought on some representations of this kind. A full‐multiplicative form may offer other opportunities, which will be discussed at length in an effort to exclude weights and normalization. This theoretical approach is followed by an application for arms procurement. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 327–340, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10014     

主客观组合赋权在舰载通信系统评估中的应用

为提高舰载通信系统效能评估的科学性,将主观和客观赋权法相结合,提出将基于标度扩展的AHP法和离差最大化法通过基于目标规划的组合方法进行结合,用于舰载通信系统效能评估中各指标权重的确定,从而融合了主客观方法的优点。评估结果表明了该方法的合理性。     

基于乘积偏好关系的专家模糊核聚类赋权方法

多属性、多目标性决策中,针对专家给出各方案偏好关系下的决策问题,提出一种基于乘积偏好关系的专家模糊核聚类赋权方法。该方法运用模糊核聚类的思想实现对决策专家的聚类,并通过放宽归一化约束条件,克服了传统模糊核聚类算法中离群点对聚类结果的影响。同时,在专家类内赋权过程中,运用CI-IOWG算子集结同类专家的意见,依据不同专家对于形成类别一致性意见的贡献程度来确定专家权重;克服了传统基于熵权或判断矩阵一致性的赋权方法的局限性。算例表明,该方法可行、有效。     

逼近理想点法在防空兵战斗部署方案排序中的应用

针对指挥员就多个防空兵战斗部署方案难以取舍的问题,运用逼近理想点法进行排序。在分析影响防空兵战斗部署方案因素的基础上确定影响方案优劣的几个重要指标。根据现有的防空兵战斗部署方案,假设不可能存在的一个正理想方案和一个负理想方案,运用逼近理想点法,计算各个方案到理想方案的相对贴近度,得到贴近度最大的为最佳方案。通过实例分析对该方法进行了检验,可为指挥员定下决心提供参考。     

基于粗糙集的飞机空地作战效能多指标综合评估模型

针对以往效能评估模型中权系数确定的主观性问题,应用粗糙集理论对对地攻击型飞机的各种指标数据进行挖掘,利用信息熵概念求得各指标的属性重要度,并归一化处理为各指标的权系数,克服了传统权系数确定方法的主观性.最后,建立了空地作战效能评估的多指标综合评价模型,通过实例计算验证了该模型的有效性.     

An Investigation of the Weights of Pattern 1907 Bayonets made in the UK around the First World War Period

The standard issue bayonet of the British Army immediately preceding and during the First World War was the Pattern 1907. This was manufactured at different times and in varying numbers during that period by one official body, the Royal Small Arms Factory at Enfield, and by five private contractors. These bayonets were made according to published official specifications issued by the War Department and based on a ‘pattern example’ provided by the Royal Small Arms Factory. The specifications indicate, inter alia, the quality of metal used in making the bayonets, methods of inspection and proofing, and the required maximum and minimum weight range of the completed bayonet. However, examination of a series of these bayonets in a private collection suggested that their weights varied considerably from the mid-point values of the allowed weight ranges in the original and amended specifications (16.5 oz. and 17 oz., respectively). To establish if this was a common feature among this class of bayonet as opposed to a chance factor, the weights of other surviving Pattern 1907 bayonets were determined and compared to establish the degree of variance from the official specifications as originally set out by the Royal Small Arms Factory. Seventy-six percent of the 142 bayonets surveyed were found to be above the mid-point of the allowed weight range given in the amended manufacturing specifications, with many being at the upper end of the allowed range. This is a statistically unusual result. It is speculated that the target weight may have been deliberately set higher by the individual manufacturers to eliminate the possibility of rejection of any underweight bayonets by the Royal Small Arms Factory inspectors and so a refusal of acceptance and payment for the work.     

改进型Voronoi图和动态权值A*算法的无人机航迹规划

针对实际作战环境中的不同威胁等级和不同威胁实体的威胁源,提出了改进型的Voronoi图,并建立了基于改进型Voronoi图的航迹规划空间;基于A*算法的估价函数在不同阶段对指标的敏感度不同,在传统的启发式A*搜索算法基础上提出了动态权值A*搜索算法,提高了航迹搜索的效率,实现了航迹搜索过程快速性和准确性的结合。最后通过Matlab仿真计算出由动态权值A*算法得到的最优航迹,并进行了航迹的平滑处理,仿真表明了该方法的可行性。     

基于灰熵方法的综合评估

以灰色系统理论中的灰靶技术为基础,在对原靶心度求解公式加以改进,给出了了一种系统效能的评定方法。首先用灰靶理论建立评定方法的数学模型,以能反映武器系统效能的战技性能指标构造各比较方案或模式的指标序列,进而求得各指标序列的标准模式。通过求各比较模式对标准模式的靶心度,并按大小排序,最终确定各比较方案效能的优劣。方法的计算过程为简单的代数运算,且不涉及传统方法中类似人工打分等带有一定主观性因素,所以,就同时满足可操作性和客观性而言,本方法较传统方法为优。     

基于偏差熵的专家聚类赋权方法

在群决策专家聚类赋权过程中,可能出现专家给出的判断矩阵一致性比率与排序向量信息熵都相等但专家意见不同,却被赋予了相同权重的情况。针对上述问题,提出一种基于偏差熵的专家聚类赋权方法。该方法采用聚类分析的思想,基于比例构建相似系数,实现对专家群的分类;引入专家判断矩阵的一致性权重,并综合类容量构建权重指标来反映类别间的差异,确定专家类间权重;最后,在各专家类中建立偏差熵模型,依据类中专家达成一致性意见的贡献程度确定专家的类内权重,并得到专家的总体权重。具体算例表明,该方法可行有效。