电子对抗仿真推演系统研究与应用

研究电子对抗仿真推演系统体系结构与开发技术。根据当前作战模拟系统特点与电子对抗仿真推演系统需求,设计了电子对抗仿真推演系统的体系结构。针对系统的可扩展性与可重用性需求,研究了组件开发技术。实现了基于HLA/CORBA混合模式的某机载雷达对抗仿真推演系统,该系统具备组件开发支撑工具。通过应用开发证明,研究的相关技术提高了系统的开发效率与交互能力。     

雷达有源干扰仿真系统设计与实现

利用系统仿真工具对雷达干扰系统建模与仿真,可以经济、高效、快捷地对它的性能及干扰效果进行全面客观与综合评判.对雷达有源干扰仿真系统进行了建模,并模拟雷达和雷达对抗装备的各个环节和功能模块,为研究雷达有源干扰提供了灵活的试验平台.提出了雷达有源干扰仿真系统的基本设计思路和方法,给出了部分仿真结果.     

基于FEDEP的相控阵雷达仿真系统开发

首先简要介绍了HLA联邦开发与运行过程.然后以导弹防御系统中的相控阵雷达为研究背景,重点讨论了导弹突防对抗仿真系统联邦的设计,主要包括对象类、交互类设计和联邦设计;最后给出了联邦开发实例,包括联邦想定、联邦成员仿真模型实例、联邦测试和联邦执行结果.联邦开发实践表明,该系统具有良好的可扩充性和可重用性,可以实现联邦目标.     

基于BOM的雷达对抗仿真系统设计*

雷达对抗仿真系统具有仿真实体繁多、交互关系复杂等特点,在分布式仿真系统开发过程中面临着联邦成员不易更改、模型开发规范缺乏以及模型重用性差等困难.为克服以上困难,按照BOM开发标准,构建了典型雷达对抗仿真系统的层次化框架结构,阐述了基本模型的插件设计方法和复合模型的组合设计方法,有效地提高了系统开发效率和模型的可重用性.该方法不仅适用于雷达对抗功能仿真系统的设计,也可以进一步应用于信号仿真系统设计.     

信息作战中组网雷达体系对抗仿真系统研究

体系对抗是信息化战争的显著特点。体系对抗仿真是进行信息化战争作战效能分析的重要手段之一。针对组网雷达对抗呈现的体系对抗特点,阐述了组网雷达体系对抗仿真的意义,着重讨论了组网雷达体系对抗仿真的物理域、信息域和认知域建模问题,设计了基于HLA技术体系的仿真系统框架。仿真系统的建立对于组网雷达体系对抗效能评估具有十分重要的价值。     

基于HLA的组网雷达体系对抗仿真系统设计

根据武器装备体系对抗仿真的特点,基于HLA技术讨论了组网雷达体系对抗仿真系统的设计问题。提出了仿真系统设计的总体要求,阐述了HLA的基本思想及联邦设计的模型,分析了仿真系统的体系结构和基本工作过程,突破了仿真系统设计的关键技术,完成了基于HLA的组网雷达体系对抗仿真系统的设计。与传统的实体功能仿真相比,该系统既支持纯数学仿真,又支持半实物注入式仿真,是一个较为通用的组网雷达对抗仿真环境。     

一种多分辨率雷达仿真平台的设计与实现

为满足雷达系统建模仿真的多分辨率应用需求,提出了一种多分辨率雷达仿真平台设计方法。对传统功能仿真与信号仿真的仿真思想进行了分析,结合两者的特点进行了改进,研究了一种多分辨率雷达仿真实现方法。在此基础上,进行了多分辨率仿真平台的分析与设计,主要研究了2个方面的关键技术,即可组合仿真模型的设计与可组合仿真系统的开发。最后,开发了多分辨率雷达仿真平台,可进行功能仿真与信号仿真的同步仿真与灵活切换,实现了雷达仿真系统的多分辨率运行。     

基于HLA的潜舰对抗模拟训练系统的设计与实现

针对水面舰艇与潜艇对抗模拟训练及其作战环境,提出了基于高层体系结构(HLA)的仿真系统设计方案,设计了由水面舰艇、潜艇、直升机、鱼雷等成员组成的潜舰对抗模拟训练系统,并给出了组成联邦的各成员功能和OMT的设计方法,最后分析了潜舰对抗模拟系统的仿真过程,利用VR-Link工具库给出了部分功能的实现代码。在潜舰对抗模拟训练系统的开发中证明该设计是可行的,并且本项研究对其他领域内基于HLA的仿真系统构建和开发具有参考价值。     

预警机雷达电子对抗系统作战效能仿真分析

搭建了由电磁环境仿真层、电磁效应分析层以及电子对抗系统作战效能评估层等构成的预警机雷达电子对抗系统作战效能仿真分析的技术框架。采用高层体系结构技术建立了预警机雷达电子对抗仿真联邦,主要包括预警机雷达对抗仿真成员的概念模型、预警机仿真成员的概念模型、预警机雷达对抗仿真数学模型以及预警机雷达对抗仿真联邦对象模型。最后通过2型4个雷达干扰站对预警机雷达电子对抗过程进行了仿真,验证了预警机雷达电子对抗系统作战效能仿真分析方法的有效性。     

HLA的地空导弹模拟训练系统雷达仿真邦元

针对地空导弹武器系统战勤操作训练的需求,将建模与仿真技术引入防空武器系统研究,首先提出了基于HLA(High Level Architecture)的地空导弹模拟训练系统,给出了系统的功能、组成和详细结构。然后基于高层体系结构的仿真框架和面向对象的程序设计思想,对地空导弹模拟训练系统雷达仿真邦员的开发过程进行了深入分析,设计了雷达仿真分系统的联邦架构以及联邦FOM/SOM,最后给出了雷达仿真邦员的仿真主流程。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.