基于声诱饵对抗的火箭助飞鱼雷命中概率仿真

针对舰艇使用火箭助飞鱼雷与潜艇对抗的典型样式,分别建立了潜艇自航式声诱饵对抗声自导鱼雷模型、火箭助飞鱼雷对目标提前位置射击参数解算模型、鱼雷运动模型、潜艇机动模型和命中概率计算模型,采用模拟法计算了火箭助飞鱼雷单雷射击和双雷齐射的命中概率,总结了射击距离和潜艇航速对火箭助飞鱼雷命中概率的影响,研究结论可为火箭助飞鱼雷作战使用提供理论指导。     

《关于目标相对鱼雷运动轨迹》的计算问题

一、引言;在研究自导鱼雷射击问题时,目标的相对移动线是很有用的。它的使用,可以简化鱼雷与日标之间相对位置的分析与计算。而鱼雷与目标的相对位置决定了目标被自导装置发现与否。在鱼雷与目标均做等速直航的情况下,相对移动线的求取用简单的作图就可以解决。而在目标作等速直航的情况下,追线(即鱼雷的运动方程)微分方程已经解决,然而在一般情况下,也就是目标以非匀速的曲线运动,而鱼雷也以非匀速的曲线运动时,相对移动线又是一种怎样的轨迹呢?文献中指出,在任意曲线运动下,鱼雷和目标的相对轨迹可由公式     

潜艇鱼雷武器多通道射击控制研究

在论述潜艇武器系统演变到武器通道的客观必然和技术特点的基础上,分析了反鱼雷技术在海上攻防对抗过程中给潜艇鱼雷攻击带来的困难。为了弥补鱼雷同一种自导方式齐射在对抗阶段存在的不足,提出了潜艇鱼雷武器多通道射击控制(或多自导方式鱼雷混合齐射)的概念。研究了实现鱼雷混合自导方式齐射所涉及的技术环节,给出了解决齐射各雷相互干扰、射击参数解算等问题的相应方法和模型。     

目标运动要素误差对尾流自导鱼雷自导开机距离的影响

尾流自导鱼雷自导开机距离设置直接影响到鱼雷是否能可靠捕获尾流,开机距离的设置通常考虑尾流自导装置自适应调整及目标运动要素误差的影响,射击态势的影响因素不容忽视但未引起足够重视。通过分析计算不同射击态势下目标运动要素误差对尾流自导鱼雷直航段航程的影响,得出了射击态势对尾流自导鱼雷自导装置开机距离影响的程度及规律。     

目标运动要素误差对尾流自导鱼雷自导 开机距离的影响*

尾流自导鱼雷自导开机距离设置直接影响到鱼雷是否能可靠捕获尾流，开机距离的设置通常考虑尾流自导装置自适应调整及目标运动要素误差的影响，射击态势的影响因素不容忽视但未引起足够重视。通过分析计算不同射击态势下目标运动要素误差对尾流自导鱼雷直航段航程的影响，得出了射击态势对尾流自导鱼雷自导装置开机距离影响的程度及规律。     

CUDA全方位鱼雷直航射击概率图的实时计算

直航射击是经典的鱼雷攻击方式,射击命中概率分布图是指挥员进行鱼雷攻击的重要决策依据,在考虑各观测量误差的情形下,给出了计算直航鱼雷射击命中概率的解析公式,并将该公式移植到CUDA中并行计算完成,得到了全方位实时鱼雷直航射击概率图,为指挥员现场战术决策提供重要依据.     

预定相遇态势的潜射鱼雷射击及其技术方法

为发挥鱼雷的作战效能,提出潜射鱼雷有利相遇态势的概念,指出当一次转角射击不能满足鱼雷以有利相遇态势接近并发现目标时,各种自导方式的鱼雷均需要二次转角射击。在给出二次转角射击时机、解算模型的基础上,着重对预定相遇态势射击的关键----二次转向点的选择问题进行了系统研究,引入基于鱼雷自导探测距离的二次转向点与预定相遇点之间距离的选择方法,使得二次转向点的选择更具合理性和针对性,且适用于包括直航鱼雷在内的各种鱼雷。     

双速制声自导鱼雷主动开机时机研究

鱼雷主动声自导寻的信号是潜艇探测来袭鱼雷的主要信息源之一,主动声自导开机时机是鱼雷发射时需要设定的重要参数,它直接影响鱼雷攻击的隐蔽性。通过分析双速制鱼雷辐射噪声对潜艇鱼雷报警距离的影响,提出了一种双速制鱼雷直航搜索阶段的变速策略,在此基础上建立了鱼雷主动声自导开机时机解算模型,仿真结果表明,此方法简单高效,结论详实可信,对双速制鱼雷发射诸元解算具有一定的实用价值。     

鱼雷轨迹雷速修正法

针对传统通过观测鱼雷轨迹判断鱼雷命中目标位置的方法存在较大误差的问题,采用几何分析法,首先剖析了传统观测鱼雷轨迹法的数学原理,然后建立了直航鱼雷转角射击的数学模型,最后研究了由鱼雷与目标相遇转换为鱼雷轨迹首端与目标相遇的修正原理,建立了鱼雷速度修正量解算模型,并对修正过程可能导致的误差进行了分析。最后实例验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

声自导鱼雷一次转角射击参数的优化

为了提高声自导鱼雷一次转角射击的发现概率,建立了一次转角射击的解析模型,并将射击参数的优化归结为一个带约束的优化问题。使用了一种改进的粒子群算法解决了上述问题,优化了自导扇面相遇点系数和出管直航距离两个射击参数。实验结果表明,使用优化后的射击参数显著提高了鱼雷的发现概率。     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.