水面舰艇编队反潜战攻防决策CGF建模

反潜作战是水面舰艇编队的主要作战任务之一,其计算机生成兵力(CGF)研究有着十分广阔的应用前景。采用CGF技术,可以自动化生成水面舰艇编队及其舰载反潜直升机,并可仿真其在执行各种作战任务过程中的所有战术动作,包括机动、探测、攻击、防御和协同等。重点研究水面舰艇编队及其舰载反潜直升机反潜作战过程中的攻防决策CGF建模与仿真问题,建立了水面舰艇编队攻防决策模型和反潜直升机探测与攻击决策模型。     

分布式水面舰艇编队防潜仿真系统设计

为了实现在攻防对抗条件下水面舰艇编队防潜作战过程的仿真,通过对分布式水面舰艇编队防潜仿真系统功能、组成、仿真流程和仿真模型的研究,提出了分布式水面舰艇编队防潜仿真系统的设计方案。分布式水面舰艇编队防潜仿真系统可用于研究防潜作战战法,验证新型武器系统的作战性能,论证各种反潜武器装备的作战需求。     

基于Agent的分布式海上编队防空作战仿真体系

现代海战中,对空防御已经成为水面舰艇编队防御的主要内容.针对舰艇在整个编队防空体系中的角色,开发了自治/半自治CGF兵力,提高了战场对象描述的智能化水平和逼真度,在应用中将聚合级CGF作为一个联邦成员加入到平台级作战仿真应用中,整个仿真系统采用开放型设计,可以方便地嵌入各种算法和数据融合.研究表明:所开发的CGF联邦成员提高了海上编队防空作战仿真的通用性和建模工作的效率.     

水面舰艇编队防空反导作战效能

为分析水面舰艇编队的防空反导作战效能,采用一种新方法,即按照防御层次进行分析的方法,对远层防御圈、中层防御圈、近层防御圈以及末端防御圈等四个防御圈在舰艇防空反导作战中的作用进行了研究,建立了新的舰艇编队防空反导作战效能模型.通过对模型的实例仿真,得到了几条符合防空作战理论的结论.     

水面舰艇编队对敌舰艇反导防御观察组织

针对反导防御对海观察组织的特点和水面舰艇编队在反导防御观察系统中的作战任务,运用定性定量分析法,得到了对敌水面舰艇编队反导防御观察区域与观察系统工作时间的计算模型。结合该模型与舰艇编队战术使用理论,探讨了海上对敌编队反导防御观察的组织方法,为水面舰艇的综合反导防御作战提供有价值的理论依据。     

水面舰艇编队巡逻搜索时的组织与战术计算

在现代海上作战中,潜艇是打击目标的重要兵力之一,因而反潜作战更是现代海战的重要样式之一。主要研究了巡逻搜索的各种方法的使用条件,在对四种不同的巡逻搜索方法进行了相关战术计算的基础上,给出了水面舰艇编队进行巡逻搜索时的组织方法。对在巡逻搜索中水面舰艇编队组织和指挥具有一定的借鉴作用。     

基于AHP和灰色评估法的水面舰艇编队作战效能评估

水面舰艇编队的作战效能是衡量水面舰艇编队完成各种战斗任务能力的基本依据。为定量评估水面舰艇编队的作战效能,建立了评估水面舰艇编队作战效能的指标体系,并对其中较为重要的指标进行了分析。首先采用层次分析法确定各因素的权重,然后运用灰色评估法对水面舰艇编队作战效能进行综合评价,主要用于对水面舰艇编队作战效能进行排序以及对水面舰艇编队进行编成优化,为水面舰艇编队指挥人员提供一定的量化分析和决策依据。     

反潜水面舰艇CGF的仿真决策支持

在大型仿真系统中,对一种计算机生成兵力不仅要求其能进行实体的智能行为决策,还要求其能响应人工干预和仿真中其他更高级兵力的干预,而目前研究多集中在实体的智能决策上,对CGF综合决策支持的研究还不多.从反潜水面舰艇CGF系统的决策需求出发,通过对系统决策进行分析,采用CXBR上下文推理技术构建CGF的实体行为决策模型,阐述了CXBR决策方法的思想及方法步骤,对水面舰艇反潜的战斗行为进行了合理划分,构造了系统兵力环境数据库、战术知识库和作战想定编辑器,建立了灵活、柔性的多级决策支持框架,满足了仿真系统决策要求.     

水面舰艇编队空中威胁扇面角预测模型

针对水面舰艇编队空中威胁扇面角的预测问题,分析了影响空中威胁扇面角大小的主要因素。以具有航路规划能力的远程反舰导弹为对象,从航空兵及远程反舰导弹的作战使用特点和装备性能限制着手,建立了计算威胁扇面角的数学模型。通过仿真分析,得出了主要参数对威胁扇面角的影响规律,为水面舰艇编队对空防御兵力的配置提供了依据。     

基于多Agent的舰艇编队反舰作战指挥模式研究

采用多Agent仿真方法对水面舰艇编队反舰作战中指挥模式问题进行了探讨。构建了基于多Agent的反舰作战仿真模型,着重考虑了通信可靠性对Agent之间信息共享的影响,在此基础上采用大样本仿真手段研究了不同条件下的编队指挥模式。研究结果确定了在不同的敌舰艇防空能力、不同的通信可靠性条件下,编队反舰作战的最佳指挥模式。研究方法为调整编队指挥控制结构、充分发挥编队作战效能提供了一种新手段。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.