考虑损伤的岩石本构关系的研究进展

对CT识别技术用于损伤测量及损伤理论分析进行了综述,对当前的考虑损伤的岩石本构模型（采场围岩破损过程的断裂损伤模型,节理岩体脆弹性断裂模型,岩石爆破损伤模型等）进行了简单评述,并提出进一步研究的设想。     

一种实现预置式均衡器的新方法

本文根据话密机采用的预置式均衡器的特点,提出了用数字频谱分析技术来确定音频转接段数的新方法。这种方法实现简单,效果良好。     

基于光纤光栅的复合材料结构损伤识别方法

为较好解决复合材料结构损伤难以有效识别问题,提出一种基于集合经验模式分解(EEMD)和核函数极限学习机(K-ELM)的复合材料结构损伤识别新方法。通过对试验件进行冲击及长时间疲劳试验,得到光纤光栅传感器网络募集试验件的原始损伤信息。采用集合经验模式分解方法对原始损伤信息进行自适应分解,提取奇异熵特征信息。采用奇异熵特征信息分别构建基于K-ELM的损伤识别模型和基于BP的损伤识别模型,通过试验数据对两种损伤识别模型的有效性进行了验证和对比。结果表明,基于K-ELM的损伤识别模型具有更好的工程应用价值。     

战场损伤分析过程研究及其应用

以某型火炮为例,详细介绍了利用基本功能项目分析、损伤模式及影响分析、损伤树分析及损伤定位分析等技术进行战场损伤分析的过程,阐述了各技术在分析过程中相互支持的关系,说明了它们在损伤评估系统中的应用,最后指出了分析过程中存在的一些问题。     

光纤陀螺随机漂移的ARMA模型

分析了传统时间序列分析法建立ARMA模型的不足,提出了一种利用模型阶数判断准则和长自回归法建模的新方法。对数据进行了预处理和模型识别,比较了不同模型阶数判断准则的特点,研究了用长自回归法估计模型参数的步骤和方法。最后对光纤陀螺随机漂移进行了建模实验,通过对模型残差的白噪声检验,证实了使用新方法建立的ARMA模型具有很好的适用性。     

Petri网技术在火控系统故障诊断中的应用

以Petri网技术为工具,分析了火控系统的故障特点,建立了系统Petri网故障诊断模型,提出了系统故障诊断层次的Petri网表示方法和故障混合Petri网模型建立的新方法.HPSim仿真表明该新方法比故障树等传统的方法具有方法简单、形象直观、建模简单等优点,并且该方法能方便地进行知识的表式、逻辑表达,对具有网络拓扑结构的分析尤为有效.     

玻璃纤维增强复合材料的损伤分析

本文对玻璃纤维增强复合材料层合板进行了拉、剪多向应力本构关系的实验研究,成功地用软x射线照相观察到材料内部微裂纹沿纤维方向近似均匀分布,并沿裂纹面扩展至破坏的损伤形貌,同时结合声发射技术等监测其扩展规律。在此基础上建立了基于微观机制的微裂纹损伤模型,预测材料的损伤非线性本构关系和破坏,以及实验观察到的一些复合材料特有的损伤现象,理论预测结果与实验值吻合。     

基于能量耗散的药柱粘弹性累积损伤

基于不可逆能量耗散的损伤变量定义方法和动态线粘弹性理论,建立了固体推进剂累积损伤模型,利用不同拉伸速率下的试验数据,拟合得到了推进剂破坏耗散能表达式,进而给出了推进剂在周期应力响应下的累积损伤计算式,并讨论了周期应力幅值和频率对累积损伤的影响,最后对某舰载发动机药柱进行了累积损伤及使用寿命分析。提出的累积损伤分析方法,为固体发动机贮存寿命预估提供了一条有益的技术途径。     

微结构连续损伤理论

本文从微结构理论出发,用相对变形描述微结构之间的微空隙和微裂纹引起的材料损伤的影响,得到用损伤张量描述的各向异性损伤的微结构连续损伤力学理论。该微结构损伤模型可化简为目前公认的几种主要损伤模型:如J.P. Cordebojs和F. Sidoroff的弹性各向异性损伤模型,D. Krajcino-vic和G.U.Fonseka的脆性材料平面裂纹损伤模型,J. Lemaitre的各向同性损伤理论及Kachanov的以面积减少为变量的损伤模型等。作者运用这一理论对混凝土材料的单向拉、压基本受载情形进行了数值分析,并与D. Krajcinovic的损伤模型计算结果及实验结果作了比较,所得结果与实验值比较吻合,特别是在失稳后阶段给出了较好描述,初步表明了本理论的有效性和实用性。     

一种基于DSP的桥式变换器偏磁校正方案研究

分析了桥式变换器发生偏磁现象的原因,指出了传统的串入耦合电容或者检测电流峰值方法的局限性,提出了直接对伏秒值进行校正以消除偏磁的新方法.在功率高达20kW的变换器中,用所提出的方法进行校正,取得了良好的效果.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.