弹丸飞行时间拟合误差对射击诸元误差的影响

分析了基本射表中弹丸飞行时间拟合误差对射击诸元误差的影响,给出了因时间拟合误差引起的射击误差的解析表达,并利用5条典型航路分析了飞行时间拟合误差对射角、射向误差的影响,得出了不同航捷、航高、斜距、目标速度下拟合误差对射击诸元误差的影响关系,从而为确定弹丸飞行时间拟合精度提供依据.     

高炮射击诸元离线式试验方法

为解决多射表防空武器在考核射击诸元时航架次膨胀的问题,通过将动飞试验实测得到的现在点数据和载体位置姿态数据注入火控计算机,对所得结果进行空间变换(基线修正)和时间变换,用同一条航路考核多种射表下的射击诸元精度,给出了一种射击诸元离线式试验方法.在某型火控雷达和某型牵引高炮设计定型试验中的应用表明,该方法可以将航架次数量降到传统方法的1/(射表数).     

武器系统对目标定位精度的要求分析

讨论了目标定位误差对武器射击效能的影响.先针对目标定位误差的特点,给出处理目标定位误差数学方法,然后通过计算实例,探讨了目标定位误差随武器射击精度变化而对射击效果带来的影响.     

不同射频对车载转管机枪射击精度的影响

为研究不同射频对车载转管机枪射击精度的影响,以某型车载转管机枪为对象,建立了该武器系统的刚柔耦合虚拟样机模型。通过仿真计算车体在制动状态时,机枪以不同射频进行射击的过程,得到了不同射频下车体、机枪架座和枪管的振动特性以及射弹散布。通过对不同射频下仿真曲线对比分析,可以得出射频对机枪射击精度的影响程度。仿真研究结果为该武器的研究与设计优化提供了理论支持。     

车载顶置武器站发展综述

为了提高车载自动武器的射击精度,缩短系统反应时间,解决操作手无装甲防护的问题,研制具备遥控操作功能的武器站成为世界各军事强国竞相发展的方向.介绍了车载顶置武器站的概念、特点与组成;从火力系统和火控系统2个方面综述了近年来国内外车载顶置武器站的研究进展,分析了未来车载顶置武器站的发展趋势.分析表明:进一步提高武器站态势感知能力、射击精度和模块化水平将成为车载顶置武器站研究的重要课题,并以此为研究主线提出了先进光电技术、伺服控制技术、模块化技术、智能化技术等技术实现途径,为国内车载顶置武器站的论证分析、研制设计以及改进升级等提供理论借鉴和技术参考.     

平台的稳定误差对高炮射击精度的影响

针对目标坐标测定器置于稳定平台上的工作特点,讨论了平台稳定误差对跟踪系统的精度、激光回波率以及武器射击精度的影响,通过计算机仿真给出平台稳定误差对射击诸元精度的影响。     

激光半主动制导炮弹的作战效能评估仿真

激光半主动制导炮弹是在无控弹道的基础上增加末端制导段,属于远程间瞄武器,射击时是有误差的,而且误差随射击距离显著增加.通过分析制导炮弹弹道误差特性,考察影响射击精度的主要因素,建立毁伤概率模型,通过蒙特卡洛法仿真激光制导炮弹对目标的射击效率.     

某型自行炮射击误差及精度指标分析

针对某型自行加榴炮武器系统的组成及工作特点,对其射击误差和射击精度指标进行了初步分析,供武器研究及试验人员参考.     

某型遥控武器站射击密集度仿真与优化

针对提高遥控武器站连发射击精度的问题,在综合考虑某型遥控武器站射击精度影响因素的基础上,通过引进柔性体建立了武器站的射击密集度模型,并通过与试验数据的对比验证了模型的可靠性。利用虚拟样机以缓冲簧刚度和平衡机刚度为设计变量对武器站射击时炮口振动位移进行了优化设计,并得出了最佳设计值,对提高遥控武器站射击密集度具有一定的指导作用。     

武装直升机无控武器射击误差源分析

探讨了影响武装直升机无控武器对地射击准确度的因素 ,建立了武装直升机对地射击瞄准方程 ,定量分析了主要误差源对射击准确度的影响 ,得出了必须修正直升机迎角、旋翼下洗气流和平均风对射击准确度影响的结论     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.