舰炮近炸引信预制破片弹在反导中的弹丸威力分析

舰炮使用近炸引信预制破片弹进行反导,是舰炮反导的一种重要方式,近炸引信预制破片弹弹丸威力是影响舰炮使用该弹种反导效能的一个重要因素,通过分析舰炮使用近炸引信预制破片弹的反导过程和毁伤机理,用弹丸毁伤破片数描述弹丸威力,对弹丸威力及毁伤破片进行了定义,建立了一套计算弹丸毁伤破片数的方法,得出了反导过程中弹丸威力随拦截距离的增加而变化,是一动态威力的重要结论。     

活性破片飞散特性及毁伤效应研究

为了掌握活性破片的空间飞散特性及毁伤效能,采用数值仿真与试验相结合的方法研究了某预制活性破片战斗部在爆炸作用下的飞散特性,得到了活性破片的空间分布和初始速度分布参数的有关数据,分析了活性破片对靶板的毁伤规律.结果表明:活性破片战斗部在起爆300 μs后,70％的活性破片速度分布在1 500～2 000 m/s;50％的...     

破片对反辐射导弹战斗部毁伤效能仿真

分析了“哈姆”反辐射导弹目标特性及破片对其毁伤模式,建立了破片对反辐射导弹战斗部毁伤效能模型,研究了不同质量破片对反辐射导弹战斗部的穿透能力和引爆能力。仿真及试验结果表明：单枚破片质量为15g,速度在1700m/s以上,就足以对反辐射导弹战斗部达到解体性毁伤,它为未来反导弹药战斗部设计提供了重要参考。     

破片对军用方舱的冲击毁伤效应研究

基于薄板的极限穿透速度及破片穿透薄板的余速理论,就破片对军用方舱的冲击毁伤效应进行深入分析．通过理论计算,得到圆柱形破片穿透方舱后的剩余速度．在AUTODYN中构建模型,对圆柱形破片穿透方舱的过程进行数值模拟,其结果表明,数值模拟结果与理论计算的误差较小,证明该模型的可靠性．     

钨合金(碳化钨)柱形预制破片战斗部对均质钢甲的毁伤效能分析

针对现代战争的需要,特别是对战场轻型装甲的攻击需要,基于预制破片技术,以柱形杆(钨合金)预制破片为对象建立物理模型,对其破片尺寸、装药形式及尺寸的相互关系进行分析,进而通过引入TBM战斗部设计的关系式对所建模型的破片进行速度预报,依照该速度按照侵彻理论推算其对均质钢甲的毁伤效能。结合分析结果指出了柱形杆(钨合金)预制破片战斗部在攻击均制钢甲方面的优点。     

地面火炮新型弹药动态毁伤效能研究

针对地面火炮新型弹药毁伤效能分析难的问题,提出综合运用终点效应理论、可视化建模、动力学仿真、数据挖掘等分析新型弹药实战条件下对典型目标动态毁伤效能的思想;运用该思想计算某型预制破片弹对轻型装甲目标的动态毁伤效能,分析了毁伤效能随射向偏差角、落角、距离偏差量、炸高等实战因素的变化规律,给出该型预制破片弹作战使用的合理建议.     

区域封锁弹药对机场运动目标的毁伤效能分析

基于区域封锁弹药战斗部破片场模型、机场运动目标易损性模型、区域封锁弹药作用方式、弹目交汇模型、坐标系转换关系,建立了单个区域封锁预制破片弹对机场运动目标的毁伤效能分析模型。以F-16飞机和装甲车辆为例进行了某区域封锁弹药毁伤效能的分析,可为区域封锁弹药的设计及毁伤效能分析提供参考。     

一种新型防空MEFP的设计与仿真

为提高MEFP对战机、导弹等空中目标的毁伤效能,综合锥形药型罩形成的球状弹丸和球缺形药型罩形成的杆状弹丸的优势,设计了一种复合型MEFP战斗部,仿真并分析了该型MEFP中各成型弹丸的形状、初速及对钢靶的毁伤效果.仿真结果表明,该复合型MEFP可以同时产生不同速度、不同形状的侵彻弹丸,从而增强了MEFP对空中目标的综合毁伤效能.     

某预制破片弹丸穿甲威力研究

介绍了战斗部预知破片弹丸所针对的目标,给出了高速运动弹丸对目标的穿甲作用理论以及理论计算方法,并给出了计算结果;同时通过有限元分析方法在有限元分析软件中建立了弹丸对靶板侵彻的仿真计算模型并进行了计算。计算结果表明：预制破片弹丸所具备的威力不但能够侵彻给定的装甲目标,对装甲目标内部设施具有二次毁伤的效果。     

某型火箭弹对巡航导弹毁伤概率仿真分析

通过对巡航导弹目标特性分析,论述了目标易损性和毁伤机理(包括破片战斗部对目标的击穿概率模型)。利用破片初速及存速计算模型,分析了战斗部爆破后破片速度衰减规律,并做了模拟仿真,为火箭弹战斗部设计及毁伤效能评估提供了理论依据。最后根据射弹散布规律及毁伤原理建立了毁伤模型,并以某型火箭弹为例,对毁伤概率模型进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明:该方法为火箭弹战斗部设计和提高对巡航导弹毁伤概率提供了参考。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.