圆柱形装药驱动轴向预制破片飞散特性

为了增强柱形战斗部轴向威力,在无壳柱形战斗部底面布置单层离散的预制破片。开展圆柱形TNT装药驱动轴向预制破片飞散试验,获得预制破片的最大初速、飞散角等特征参数;运用LS-DYNA软件对装药驱动预制破片过程进行数值模拟,阐述预制破片群飞散过程;对装药驱动整体平板理论计算公式进行改进,获得预制破片的最大初速。结果表明:破片初速理论计算结果、数值计算结果和试验结果吻合良好;随着与装药底部中心距离的加大,破片初速、径向飞散角分别近似呈“抛物线”减小、增大;试验实测、理论计算得到的破片最大初速值超过2500 m/s,试验实测的径向飞散角最大约为22°,而周向飞散角则普遍较小,均值在5°以内。     

活性破片飞散特性及毁伤效应研究

为了掌握活性破片的空间飞散特性及毁伤效能,采用数值仿真与试验相结合的方法研究了某预制活性破片战斗部在爆炸作用下的飞散特性,得到了活性破片的空间分布和初始速度分布参数的有关数据,分析了活性破片对靶板的毁伤规律.结果表明:活性破片战斗部在起爆300 μs后,70％的活性破片速度分布在1 500～2 000 m/s;50％的...     

装备战场损伤试验布局设计仿真研究

装备战场损伤试验存在实施难度大,试验效率低的问题。为提高试验效能,采用AUTODYN,建立预制破片战斗部有限元仿真模型,模拟了战斗部爆炸及预制破片飞散的过程,仿真结果同实弹试验所采集数据基本吻合,验证了所用模拟方法的有效性。通过分析破片侵彻靶板的损伤规律,建立了球形破片撞击靶板损伤相图,结合破片飞散规律,建立了试验布局参考相图。研究结果表明:预制破片战斗部的爆炸及对装备的打击过程,能够通过数值仿真方式准确的进行模拟,从而大大减少试验费用;所建立的试验布局参考相图,能够为试验布局的设计和优化提供一定的参考。     

某型火箭弹对巡航导弹毁伤概率仿真分析

通过对巡航导弹目标特性分析,论述了目标易损性和毁伤机理(包括破片战斗部对目标的击穿概率模型)。利用破片初速及存速计算模型,分析了战斗部爆破后破片速度衰减规律,并做了模拟仿真,为火箭弹战斗部设计及毁伤效能评估提供了理论依据。最后根据射弹散布规律及毁伤原理建立了毁伤模型,并以某型火箭弹为例,对毁伤概率模型进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明:该方法为火箭弹战斗部设计和提高对巡航导弹毁伤概率提供了参考。     

起爆方式对子母式战斗部破片速度影响的数值分析

为研究起爆方式对子母式战斗部破片速度分布及增益的影响,利用LS-DYNA软件对子母式战斗部的爆炸进行了数值模拟,并就不同起爆方式对破片速度分布及增益的变化进行了对比分析与研究.结果表明,两端同时偏心起爆的方式为最优起爆方式,破片速度增益最大;其次是偏心线起爆;最后是一端偏心起爆,可为战斗部设计提供参考.     

破片对反辐射导弹战斗部毁伤效能仿真

分析了“哈姆”反辐射导弹目标特性及破片对其毁伤模式,建立了破片对反辐射导弹战斗部毁伤效能模型,研究了不同质量破片对反辐射导弹战斗部的穿透能力和引爆能力。仿真及试验结果表明：单枚破片质量为15g,速度在1700m/s以上,就足以对反辐射导弹战斗部达到解体性毁伤,它为未来反导弹药战斗部设计提供了重要参考。     

美军钻地武器浅介

钻地武器是指携带钻地弹头(又称侵彻战斗部),用于对机场跑道、地面加固目标及地下设施进行攻击的对地攻击弹药,其一般由载体和侵彻战斗部组成。载体一般为巡航导弹弹体、航空炸弹弹体及火箭,甚至洲际弹道导弹等,其运载功能是使侵彻战斗部命中目标,并在末段达到足够的速度。侵彻战斗部由内侵彻弹头、高爆装药和引信组成,侵彻头一般为高强度钢或重金属合金材料,采用破片杀伤方式,引信通常为延时近炸引信或智能引信。侵彻战斗部一般采用大长径比,因武器携载能力限制,其直径一般不超过50厘米。此外,为进行精确打击,弹上还装有控制、导引系统。     

可变形定向破片战斗部模型试验和数值模拟研究

基于可变形定向破片战斗部的作用原理,设计了试验结构模型,并对其进行了静爆试验研究。根据试验结果,建立了有限元分析模型,利用LS-DYNA程序对可变形定向战斗部变形过程以及破片的飞散过程进行了数值模拟。结果表明,在目标方向破片密度和速度都有较大幅度增益,数值模拟与试验结果比较吻合。     

蒙特卡洛剖分投影法的爆震弹破片平均比动能评估

为了评估爆震弹封装壳体破片致死、致伤半径,并削弱其平均比动能,基于蒙特卡洛剖分投影法建立破片平均比动能计算模型。通过LS-DYNA及自编程联合仿真方法对爆震弹自然破片、半预制破片比动能计算模型进行仿真求解,获得了全破片全时域的质量分布、初始速度、垂直靶分布、平均比动能阈值及安全半径等指标。结果表明:在相同装药参数下,半预制破片相比于自然破片,质量分布、初始速度阈值更低且更集中;在小于等于2.5 m范围内半预制破片平均比动能阈值比自然破片更低,大于2.5 m后半预制破片平均比动能阈值比自然破片更高。相比于自然破片,采用半预制破片可显著减小爆震弹破片的致死半径,但并不能明显增大其安全半径。     

预制破片侵彻靶板临界跳飞角变化规律

为研究预制破片侵彻靶板的临界跳飞角变化规律,采用数值仿真的方法对预制破片侵彻靶板的临界跳飞角变化规律进行分析.利用LS-DYNA有限元仿真软件,建立了不同形状预制破片侵彻靶板的仿真模型,通过与试验结果相对比的方式验证了模型的可信性.分析了破片形状、破片形状比例系数、破片入射速度和靶板厚度对临界跳飞角的影响规律.分析结果表明:在相同条件下,破片临界跳飞角按照圆柱形、方形和球形预制破片的顺序依次减小,随着破片入射速度和破片形状比例系数的增大而增大,并在一定范围内随着靶板厚度的增加而减小.     

陶瓷基复合装甲防12.7mm穿甲燃烧弹的靶试研究（Ⅱ）

基于对材料特性和防弹机理的认识,设计了由（SiC＋Si）陶瓷、616装甲钢和高强PE材料构成的陶瓷基复合靶板,靶板防护面密度为118 kg/m2,尺寸为500 mm×500 mm×25 mm。利用现役12.7 mm穿甲燃烧弹考核靶板在6发弹打击下的防护能力,检验靶板设计思路。结果表明：靶板结构是可行的,可防住V25为818 m/s的现役12.7 mm穿甲燃烧弹。     

Fuzzy recognition of missile borne multi-line array infrared detection based on size calculating

In order to improve the infrared detection and discrimination ability of the smart munition to the dy-namic armor target under the complex background, the multi-line array infrared detection system is established based on the combination of the single unit infrared detector. The surface dimension features of ground armored targets are identified by size calculating solution algorithm. The signal response value and the value of size calculating are identified by the method of fuzzy recognition to make the fuzzy classification judgment for armored target. According to the characteristics of the target signal, a custom threshold de-noising function is proposed to solve the problem of signal preprocessing. The multi-line array infrared detection can complete the scanning detection in a large area in a short time with the characteristics of smart munition in the steady-state scanning stage. The method solves the disadvan-tages of wide scanning interval and low detection probability of single unit infrared detection. By reducing the scanning interval, the number of random rendezvous in the infrared feature area of the upper surface is increased, the accuracy of the size calculating is guaranteed. The experiments results show that in the fuzzy recognition method, the size calculating is introduced as the feature operator, which can improve the recognition ability of the ground armor target with different shape size.     

Real-time calculation of fragment velocity for cylindrical warheads

To simulate explosion fragments, it is necessary to predict many variables such as fragment velocity, size distribution and projection angle. For active protection systems these predictions need to be made very quickly, before the weapon hits the target. Fast predictions also need to be made in real time simulations when the impact of many different computer models need to be assessed. The research presented in this paper focuses on creating a fast and accurate estimate of one of these variables - the initial fragment velocity. The Gurney equation was the first equation to calculate initial fragment velocity. This equation, sometimes with modifications, is still used today where finite element analysis or complex mathematical approaches are considered too computationally expensive. This paper enhances and improves Breech’s two-dimensional Gurney equation using available empirical data and the principals of conservation of momentum and energy. The results are computationally quick, providing improved accuracy for estimating initial fragment velocity. This will allow the developed model to be available for real-time simulation and fast computation, with improved accuracy when compared to existing approaches.     

防半穿甲导弹战斗部动能穿甲模拟试验研究

根据半穿甲导弹破坏机理和穿甲力学中的相似理论 ,以目前世界上典型的半穿甲导弹战斗部为模拟对象 ,设计出试验装置、弹丸和 3个系列共十几种结构形式的靶板 .通过对试验结果的分析比较 ,得出各种装甲结构形式抗半穿甲导弹动能穿甲特性 .     

Determination of penetration depth at high velocity impact using finite element method and artificial neural network tools

Determination of ballistic performance of an armor solution is a complicated task and evolved significantly with the application of finite element methods(FEM) in this research field.The traditional armor design studies performed with FEM requires sophisticated procedures and intensive computational effort,therefore simpler and accurate numerical approaches are always worthwhile to decrease armor development time.This study aims to apply a hybrid method using FEM simulation and artificial neural network(ANN) analysis to approximate ballistic limit thickness for armor steels.To achieve this objective,a predictive model based on the artificial neural networks is developed to determine ballistic resistance of high hardness armor steels against 7.62 mm armor piercing ammunition.In this methodology,the FEM simulations are used to create training cases for Multilayer Perceptron(MLP) three layer networks.In order to validate FE simulation methodology,ballistic shot tests on 20 mm thickness target were performed according to standard Stanag 4569.Afterwards,the successfully trained ANN(s) is used to predict the ballistic limit thickness of 500 HB high hardness steel armor.Results show that even with limited number of data,FEM-ANN approach can be used to predict ballistic penetration depth with adequate accuracy.     

碳化硼基3DMC材料抗弹性能的初步探讨

通过7.62穿甲燃烧弹的射击考核,分析了碳化硼基3DMC材料的抗弹性能,发现其综合抗弹性能优于等厚度的某型号装甲钢,并具有抗击连续打击的能力,认为该材料可以独立用于装甲防护。     

陶瓷基复合装甲防12.7mm穿甲燃烧弹的靶试研究（Ⅰ）

基于对材料特性和防弹机理的认识,设计了由Al2O3陶瓷、616装甲钢和高强PE材料构成的陶瓷基复合装甲板,并用现役127.mm穿甲燃烧弹进行靶试考核,检验靶板设计思路,结果表明：防护面密度为128 kg/m2的靶板可防住该弹。     

金属射流欧姆加热效应的影响因素分析

为探究影响金属射流欧姆加热效应的因素,在被动电磁装甲系统等效电路模型的基础上,根据虚拟源点理论建立金属射流的作用时间模型,进一步明确金属射流在侵彻被动电磁装甲过程中每部分射流微元的作用时间;结合金属射流的比作用量模型,利用Matlab软件对金属射流的电流和比作用量波形随被动电磁装甲系统的电感、电容、电阻和充电电压的变化规律进行数值分析．仿真结果表明：随着系统电感的减小、电阻的减小、电容的增大和充电电压的增大,金属射流比作用量的峰值增大,有利于射流发生电爆炸．     

穿甲弹对自行火炮易损性分析与计算

分析了自行火炮在穿甲弹作用下的易损性,建立了自行火炮易损性计算模型,并以某型自行火炮为例,分别计算了该炮在120mm穿甲弹正面命中与侧面命中时的毁伤概率。     

A numerical study on the disturbance of explosive reactive armors to jet penetration

The disturbance of flat and V-shaped sandwich reactive armor configurations to shaped-charge jet is studied by a numerical approach. The disturbing and cutting effects of the two reactive armor configurations to the jet are successfully captured. The predicted disturbance characteristics and patterns are in fairly good agreement with the X-ray photographic observations. The residual depth of penetration into a semi-infinitive homogeneous steel target behind the reactive armor is computed for a series of jet/armor parameters. For the flat configuration, it is demonstrated that the residual penetration depth is not significantly reduced for a normal impact while it is reduced up to 75% for an oblique impact. In comparison, the V-shaped configuration reduces the penetration depth of the jet to 90%, and it is observed that the penetration depth is not sensitive to the V-shaped angle.