一种新型模糊神经网络及其在故障诊断中的应用

提出了一种基于模块化模糊神经网络的非线性系统故障诊断新方法.该方法先使用模糊c-均值聚类算法(FCM)实现测量空间的模决分割以决定模糊规则的个数,再使用模糊IF-THEN规则对分割后的各区域分别采用局部BP模型去进行逼近,最后再通过离线学习以获得不同区域故障输出与测量输入的非线性动力学特性.应用表明,提出的模糊神经网络结构、原理及实现方法是合理可行的,经过离线学习后的网络可实现对非线性系统的在线实时状态跟踪和诊断,可提高故障检测的正确率和快速性,并具有较好的泛化性能.     

旋转运动模糊的盲复原

摘 要:旋转运动模糊图像的盲复原是一个挑战性的课题.提出了一种新颖的模糊参数的估计方法:首先将旋转运动模糊图像分割成子图块,并将各子图块的运动模糊近似为直线模糊,运用基于Hough变换方法和微分自相关方法估算出各子图块的模糊尺度和方向,构成整图的离散旋转运动场.然后利用所得到离散运动场,用最小二乘技术估算出整图的旋转...     

方差全局灵敏度求解的空间分割结合无迹变换方法

为有效计算基于方差的全局灵敏度指标尤其是非线性程度较高的响应函数的,将积分空间的可加性以及无迹变换结合起来,利用函数在子空间内非线性程度会降低以及无迹变换方法在概率空间内对低非线性函数性质具有强捕捉能力的特点,提出计算基于方差的全局灵敏度指标的高效方法。该方法只需产生一组无迹变换样本就可以近似求得各阶灵敏度指标,并且该近似解随空间分割个数的增加而收敛于真值。通过非线性程度较高的验证算例及工程算例验证了所提方法在处理非线性功能函数上的高效性和准确性。     

随动系统模拟电路模块化故障诊断研究

针对人工神经网络在对装备电路进行故障诊断时出现的网络结构庞大，而影响网络诊断速度的问题，提出了模块化诊断思想。首先根据电路的功能特点以及系统电路分割的原则，将装备电路分割成具有独立功能的模块及子模块，然后建立起混联、串联2种模型，分别对其提出逻辑思想、模糊信息融合的诊断方法，从而将电路故障快速、有效地定位在模块级别，如需进一步诊断元器件故障，只需对故障子模块建立规模较小的诊断网络，从而有效避免诊断大规模电路时诊断网络结构庞大的问题。     

基于改进OTSU算法的红外图像分割

红外图像分割是红外目标检测与识别领域研究中的一项重要内容。针对经典OTSU阈值分割算法无法适应目标模糊、对比度低的红外图像的缺陷,提出了一种改进的OTSU红外图像分割算法。该算法首先对红外图像进行预处理操作,再利用非线性平均灰度值的权重计算方法,克服了因目标靶面面积过小造成的阈值偏移。实验表明该改进方法较传统OTSU算法有更好的分割效果。     

一种色噪声下的自适应Kalman跟踪滤波器

有色噪声干扰情况下非线性系统的状态估计是许多实际工程需要解决的问题.该文章针对传统Kalman滤波器噪声统计特性未知时,受色噪声的影响精度严重降低,甚至出现发散等现象,设计了一种基于神经模糊网络的自适应的Kalman滤波跟踪器.该滤波器通过利用神经模糊网络作为误差估计器,估计出Kalman滤波器的估计误差,从而对Kal...     

一种基于磁偶极子模型的潜艇信号检测方法

针对航空磁探中目标矢量信号受到污染严重的情况.提出了远场磁性目标偶极子标量模型,将目标信号表示为三个非线性函数的线性叠加,给出了具体数学表达式,为了克服噪声影响,提高目标信号的检测概率,提出了一种基于信号子空间信号检测和参数估计新方法.该方法把实测信号向各个信号子空间投影,利用投影长度大小检测目标信号.最后,进行了计算...     

PCNN图像分割新方法

为了解决脉冲耦合神经网络(PCNN)难以确定最优分割结果以及脉冲产生门限由非线性方法计算得到的问题,提出了一种基于PCNN的图像分割新方法.该算法采用线性方式动态调整脉冲门限,采用二维最大相关准则确定PCNN网络的循环迭代次数,并引用中值滤波的思想对PCNN的接收部分进行了改良,以克服噪声对分割过程的影响.实验结果表明该方法能获得视觉效果较好的分割结果并具有较强的普适性.     

SAR图像阴影区域分割技术及其评估准则

提出了一种阈值化技术与形态学方法相结合的SAR图像阴影区分割方法.该方法首先通过寻找图像平均强度最小的子区域对阴影区域进行初始分割,之后进行图像翻转、阚值化处理,最后利用形态学处理消除虚假像素,进行简单的连通性滤波,实现阴影区的自动分割.给出了3种图像分割评价准则,并基于计算机仿真和图像分割评价准则验证了该阴影区分割方法的有效性.     

模糊规则集在发动机故障诊断中的应用

基于模糊规则集度量,提出了一种故障诊断系统。提取模糊规则分两步实现：（1）由训练样本自适应形成超球子空间,可望解决高维空间的识别问题：（2）计算每个子空间上模糊规则的信任度。对模糊规则的概念进行了拓展,以便解决模糊规则之间的矛盾。仿真研究表明：模糊规则集度量可以用于液体火箭发动机的故障诊断。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.