基于Hurst指数的油罐声发射信号分析

由油罐声发射检测直接得出油罐底板状态等级的评价研究工作有待完善。提出一种基于Hurst指数理论分析声发射信号幅值最大值分布的评价方法。从Hurst指数分形理论出发,结合声发射信号参数处理方法,给出研究条件假设,分析现场油罐声发射信号结果,并与开罐检测的底板状况加以对比分析。研究发现,相同检测条件,同种类型油罐底板状态等级与Hurst指数呈相反的关系。     

基于信号处理的齿轮箱状态监测与故障诊断

针对工程上齿轮箱实时监测和故障诊断的需要,对JZQ 250型齿轮箱展开研究,提出了状态监测特征值和故障特征向量相结合的分级诊断方法。通过时域参数分析提取监测特征值作为一级诊断,利用能量比重谱的方法,提取故障特征向量作为神经网络的输入向量进行故障诊断为二级诊断。实验结果表明,该方法不仅满足工程上实时在线诊断的要求,而且能够准确进行齿轮箱故障定位。     

模拟罐声发射试验研究

为验证常压储罐声发射的基本规律,并获得罐底缺陷声发射信号数据,在模拟罐进行声发射试验。原始状态的模拟罐底部存在沉淀,通过原始状态与清洗罐底后声发射试验结果对比,得出罐底沉淀物会产生部分声发射信号并影响声发射检测,以及涂层对声发射检测影响较小的结论。凹坑和通孔是罐底常见腐蚀缺陷,通过设计和预制3种罐底缺陷状态,分别对各种缺陷状态的罐底进行声发射试验,分析缺陷的声发射信号特征,得到缺陷在升压和保压检测中的声发射信号数据,为声发射检测数据分析提供参考。     

支持向量机和声发射技术在齿轮裂纹故障诊断中的应用

为了解决齿根疲劳裂纹故障难以识别的问题,对齿轮箱正常和裂纹故障状态的声发射信号进行时间序列分析,利用AR模型的自回归系数作为齿轮箱不同状态时的特征向量,形成支持向量机的训练样本对支持向量机进行网络训练,实现对齿轮箱正常、轻微裂纹和严重裂纹故障状态的识别与诊断。实验结果表明:基于支持向量机和声发射技术的齿轮箱故障诊断系统能够准确地识别与诊断齿轮箱的裂纹故障状态,它对于齿轮裂纹故障检测是一种有效的诊断手段。     

基于类别可分性准则的金属磁记忆信号小波能量谱特征提取研究

为了解决金属磁记忆信号小波能量谱特征存在的相关性和冗余性问题,利用类别可分性准则,在提取金属磁记忆信号小波能量谱的基础上,将能量谱特征进行变换提取最优特征向量。将能量谱特征向量、最优特征向量和低频特征向量作为支持向量机的特征输入量分别对不同检测区域的金属磁记忆信号进行识别。实验结果表明：最优特征向量能够减小小波能量谱特征的相关性和冗余性,有效提高支持向量机识别的准确率。     

一种自导鱼雷发现概率变化趋势预测方法

针对自导鱼雷发射前预知鱼雷发现概率随发射态势变化趋势的需求,提出了一种自导鱼雷发现概率变化趋势预测方法。根据现时刻攻击态势构建鱼雷发射态势预测模型,生成后续鱼雷发射态势序列;基于正态分布原理进行目标散布处理,并分别提出面积比值法和长度比值法计算声自导和尾流自导鱼雷单个发射点发现概率计算方法;综合以上处理方法,计算自导鱼雷未来一段时间内连续发射态势点的发现概率,生成变化趋势。最后,采用典型的发射态势对自导鱼雷发现概率变化趋势预测结果进行了测试验证。     

基于Wigner-Ville分布及局部奇异值分解的磁记忆信号特征提取与识别

针对磁记忆检测中缺陷信号持续时间短且频率范围小的特点,为提取磁记忆信号的有效特征,根据矩阵奇异值的特点,提出一种基于Wigner-Ville分布及局部奇异值分解的磁记忆信号特征提取方法．通过将时频分布矩阵从时间轴和频率轴分别划分为不同局部矩阵,提取出各矩阵的奇异值来构造特征向量．然后,将构造的特征向量作为支持向量机的输入向量对不同检测区域的金属磁记忆信号进行识别．实验结果表明：基于Wigner—Ville分布及局部奇异值分解算法构造的特征向量能有效提取磁记忆信号的特征信息,提高支持向量机的识别精度．     

独立分量分析在MIMO OFDM系统信道盲估计中的应用

研究了MIMO—OFDM系统基于独立分量分析（Independent Component Analysis）的盲信道估计算法，提出了改进的ICA—only算法。该算法将ICA算法应用到各个子载波，将ICA算法所固有的排列和幅值上的模糊性通过发射端的线性编码来消除，实验结果表明，该算法能很好地估计出信道参数。     

Contourlet变换域下的目标特征提取与识别

利用Contourlet变换对于高维信号的表示能力,在Contourlet变换下提取不变矩特征以及局部Contourlet二值模式特征,通过特征组合,提出了一种在多种外界变化条件下都具有较好稳定性的目标特征提取技术。对于Contourlet分解的低频分量,计算多尺度自卷积矩不变特征;对于Contourlet分解的高频分量,计算其局部Contourlet二值模式(LCBP),并利用两状态HMT描述LCBP系数,得到LCBP-HMT模型,提取模型参数作为特征向量;最后将提取出的低频特征以及高频统计特征组合成特征向量,从而结合了MSA的全局不变性以及LCBP的多尺度、多方向局部描述特性。最后分别对目标的二值图像和灰度图像进行实验,证明了算法在各种变化条件下均具有较好的识别效果。     

脉冲光声检测化学反应

本文描述了时间可分辨的脉冲光声检测化学反应的原理和方法,分别用园片和园管状ＰＺＴ作为换能器进行光声信号的检测,定量给出了化学溶液非辐射失活过程的动力学信息。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.