基于遗传算法的弹炮混编防空群火力分配

近期局部战争中的防空作战经验表明:实施弹炮混编可以大大提高防空武器系统的作战效能,而如何实施有效的火力分配又是其中的一个重要环节.针对陆军弹炮混编防空群射击指挥中的火力分配问题,简要分析了防空导弹和高炮武器系统射击的不同特点,提出了弹炮混编防空群的火力分配方法,并建立了优化火力分配方案的数学模型.在此基础上,采用遗传算法对此模型求解.结果表明,遗传算法为弹炮混编防空群的火力优化分配问题提供了一条有效途径.     

地空导弹兵混编群兵力编组问题

地空导弹兵混编群兵力编组问题是研究地面防空武器混编作战问题的重点,科学的兵力编组是提高混编作战效能的关键.首先讨论了计算异型武器系统战斗效能的方法,然后建立红蓝双方空地对抗系统动力学模型,通过该模型确定兵力需求规模,使用线性规划方法优化兵力编组结构,可为决策层确定兵力编组结构提供科学依据.最后举例说明.     

改进的防空导弹武器系统作战效能评估模型北大核心

针对当前防空导弹武器系统作战效能评估模型的局限性,运用排队论基本原理,基于目标有限等待和差错服务,构建了改进的作战效能评估模型,并应用该模型进行了验证计算。结果表明,防空导弹的飞行速度、杀伤区远界和每次射击击毁概率是影响防空导弹武器系统作战效能的主要因素,对于优化防空兵力部署、改进武器系统性能具有一定的参考价值。     

改进的防空导弹武器系统作战效能评估模型

针对当前防空导弹武器系统作战效能评估模型的局限性,运用排队论基本原理,基于目标有限等待和差错服务,构建了改进的作战效能评估模型,并应用该模型进行了验证计算。结果表明,防空导弹的飞行速度、杀伤区远界和每次射击击毁概率是影响防空导弹武器系统作战效能的主要因素,对于优化防空兵力部署、改进武器系统性能具有一定的参考价值。     

防空导弹兵力规划模型

借助兵力交换的思想,从宏观层次上研究不同类型的防空导弹火力单元对空中目标的优化分配问题;分析在最优目标分配策略下区域防空中各类型防空导弹火力单元的火力分配问题,并建立了递阶优化的求解模型.该模型可为区域防空部署的决策与分析提供科学依据.     

混编防空导弹火力群目标分配模型仿真

针对混合配置和部属不同类型的防空导弹武器构成全空域的防空系统中多目标的优化分配问题,介绍了混编防空导弹系统的关键要素和武器系统目标分配方法的现状,研究了防空自动化指挥系统中作战单元的的目标分配的原则、要素和约束条件,根据实际的防空导弹的数据处理特点,设计了一种实用可行的目标分配优化算法,并用VB进行了模型的作战仿真。     

混合部署防空导弹距离量化分析

防空导弹混合部署对提高防空武器系统的整体作战效能有着重要意义,分析了重点防卫目标的选择原则,分析了防空火力单元与保卫目标的距离关系、以及火力单元间配置距离关系,在理论分析的基础上给出了导弹单元与保卫目标的配置距离计算模型,及其导弹单元在水平与垂直方向上围绕保卫目标的配置距离计算模型,根据目标飞行特性以及上述计算模型,可有效进行防空导弹的布防。     

防空作战兵力区分问题的非线性规划模型

兵力区分是防空作战部署的一个重要环节。现代防空作战,参战兵力种类多,数量大,兵力区分问题更为复杂,需要对防空兵力作出科学合理的区分。针对由歼击航空兵、地空导弹部队和高炮部队等多个兵种构成的防空兵力,在根据武器系统抗击性能按不同歼敌地带和歼敌区段进行混合部署的情况下,建立了兵力区分的非线性规划模型,并给出了算例分析,该模型可以为防空作战指挥员确定兵力区分方案提供定量分析的方法。     

防空导弹末段反导作战部署模型

防空导弹末段拦截弹道导弹的作战效能与防空导弹火力单元的部署位置密切相关,合理的战斗部署是成功反导的前提和关键.分析了防空导弹末段反导的条件和反导防御区,在此基础上探讨了防空导弹反导杀伤区纵深和相关射击诸元的算法.然后,使用末段低层和末段高层反导火力单元组成双层防御系统,对防御从一个方向和从扇区来袭弹道导弹的反导火力单元部署位置确定模型进行了研究.研究成果对防空导弹末段反导的作战使用具有参考价值.     

野战防空导弹武器系统攻防对抗作战效能仿真研究

考虑了攻防双方兵力部署和交战过程中的随机因素,建立了野战防空导弹武器系统攻防对抗作战效能模型。基于典型作战想定进行了仿真,分析了关键战技指标对作战效能的影响,为武器系统的研制提供了一定的参考。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.