基于维纳过程金属化膜电容器的可靠性评估

金属化膜电容器作为惯性约束聚变(ICF)激光装置的重要元器件,其可靠性直接影响着系统的性能。为此,很多研究者对电容器的可靠性进行了评估,然而这些评估方法得到的只是电容器的总体特性,无法给出单个电容器的可靠性水平。鉴于此,提出了融合单个电容器性能退化数据与先验性能退化数据信息的可靠性分析方法,首先采用W inner过程对其性能退化过程进行建模;其次基于B ayes方法对单个电容器的可靠性进行实时评估;最后通过一个实例表明了其研究意义和实用价值。     

Wiener过程的金属化膜脉冲电容器步降应力退化建模

由于强激光装置中金属化膜脉冲电容器高可靠长寿命的特点,导致退化试验的时间长效率低,传统的退化试验统计分析方法复杂,对先验信息依赖性大,针对这些问题提出了基于Wiener过程的金属化膜脉冲电容器步降应力加速退化建模和参数估计的方法。首先,用Wiener过程刻画电容器的退化过程,然后结合随机过程的特性采用MCMC方法进行参数估计,大大简化了统计分析过程。最后通过对电容器的仿真实验,将步降应力下的评估结果与恒定应力、步进应力的情况相对比,说明了步降应力对改善退化试验的试验效率的有效性。     

考虑非线性退化与随机失效阈值的剩余寿命预测

针对广泛存在的非线性退化设备,现有方法尚未考虑随机失效阈值对剩余寿命预测结果的影响。因此,通过对设备性能退化过程进行分析,提出了一种综合考虑非线性退化与随机失效阈值的剩余寿命预测方法。基于Wiener过程构建了考虑个体差异与测量误差的非线性退化模型;基于卡尔曼滤波算法建立状态空间模型以实现对退化状态的在线更新;基于极大似然法估计失效阈值分布系数估计方法,得到随机失效阈值的概率分布;基于随机失效阈值推导出剩余寿命的概率分布,实现对剩余寿命的在线预测。算例研究表明,所提方法可以有效地提升剩余寿命预测的准确性,具备一定工程应用价值。     

考虑有损伤测量条件下的设备剩余寿命的建模分析

在有损测量的情况下,仅从退化数据本身出发所建的模型不能反映设备的真实退化过程.尤其在测量导致的设备性能退化量不可忽略时,不考虑测量耗损量将不能有效进行预测和评估.为解决这个问题,首先基于维纳过程建立有损测量的设备退化过程,进一步给出了相应模型的参数估计方法和基于贝叶斯理论的设备剩余寿命的实时更新方法,最后通过一个仿真示...     

基于加窗线性卡尔曼滤波模型的设备剩余使用寿命预测方法

提出了基于加窗线性卡尔曼滤波模型的设备剩余使用寿命预测新方法,明确了应用加窗线性卡尔曼滤波模型进行剩余使用寿命预测的过程。应用试验数据验证了方法的有效性,案例分析结果表明:对于退化指标在前期平稳、后期突变的齿轮箱全寿命试验数据,剩余使用寿命的预测值与实际值在齿轮箱运行的前期相差较大,而在后期则较为相近;通过对退化指标值进行拟合处理,可以明显消除退化指标值波动对剩余使用寿命预测值的影响。     

燃气轮机结垢性能退化特征提取和剩余寿命预测

为研究燃气轮机结垢性能退化问题,首先针对某三轴燃气轮机建立了数学模型,结合实际运行数据计算了热损失指标,并提取出燃气轮机结垢等导致的性能退化特征并进行了分析;然后,提出了清洗策略和剩余寿命预测方法并进行了实验。实验分析表明:所提出的热损失指标能够反映燃气轮机性能退化趋势,清洗策略和寿命预测方法可用于指导燃气轮机的健康管理和维修使用。     

机载燃油泵性能退化试验研究

为了获取刻画燃油泵退化规律的退化数据,提出机载燃油泵性能退化试验研究。基于失效机理分析制定燃油泵性能退化试验方案。搭建燃油泵在电应力载荷下的性能退化试验平台,可模拟飞机燃油泵注油循环过程,施加电应力载荷,采集出口压力信号。建立Holt指数平滑退化模型用于剩余寿命预测。结果表明该退化模型表征了燃油泵的退化规律,验证了该试验方案和平台的有效性和可行性。     

基于退化速率跟踪粒子滤波的剩余使用寿命预测框架

毋庸置疑,剩余使用寿命预测对于设备的健康管理越来越重要。近年来粒子滤波方法被越来越多地应用到设备寿命预测技术当中,这是因为粒子滤波方法能更好的解决非线性非高斯系统滤波问题,而且能够获得不确定度信息。但该方法的预测性能却过度依赖于预测模型,并且对于模型参数的初始分布也比较敏感,这在一定程度上限制了粒子滤波预测方法的进一步发展。本文针对基本粒子滤波预测方法的不足,提出了一种基于退化速率跟踪粒子滤波的通用预测框架,以历史观测数据的退化速率统计规律作为指导来跟踪目标数据的退化速率,实现对粒子滤波预测方法的简化。并将该方法用于轴承和锂离子电池的剩余使用寿命预测,验证了方法的有效性。     

退化速率跟踪粒子滤波在剩余使用寿命预测中的应用

毋庸置疑,剩余使用寿命预测对于设备的健康管理越来越重要。近年来粒子滤波方法被越来越多地应用到设备寿命预测技术当中,这是因为粒子滤波方法能更好地解决非线性非高斯系统滤波问题,而且能够获得不确定度信息。但该方法的预测性能却过度依赖于预测模型,并且对于模型参数的初始分布也比较敏感,这在一定程度上限制了粒子滤波预测方法的进一步发展。针对基本粒子滤波预测方法的不足,提出了一种基于退化速率跟踪粒子滤波的通用预测框架,以历史观测数据的退化速率统计规律作为指导来跟踪目标数据的退化速率,实现对粒子滤波预测方法的简化,并将该方法用于轴承和锂离子电池的剩余使用寿命预测,验证了方法的有效性。     

基于多指标相似性的T/R组件剩余寿命融合预测方法

为实现对T/R组件剩余寿命的准确预测，及时掌握装备当前健康状态和提高装备维修保障水平，分析T/R组件的故障特点，筛选出反映T/R组件状态退化过程的状态监测指标，通过计算每个指标对应的剩余寿命信息和权重，得到T/R组件的剩余寿命预测结果。通过算例分析与比较，验证了预测方法的实用性与有效性。研究结果可为电子装备剩余寿命预测提供理论指导，对合理计划维修资源和提高装备战斗力具有重要意义。     

Determination of burn‐in parameters and residual life for highly reliable products

Today, many products are designed and manufactured to function for a long period of time before they fail. Determining product reliability is a great challenge to manufacturers of highly reliable products with only a relatively short period of time available for internal life testing. In particular, it may be difficult to determine optimal burn‐in parameters and characterize the residual life distribution. A promising alternative is to use data on a quality characteristic (QC) whose degradation over time can be related to product failure. Typically, product failure corresponds to the first passage time of the degradation path beyond a critical value. If degradation paths can be modeled properly, one can predict failure time and determine the life distribution without actually observing failures. In this paper, we first use a Wiener process to describe the continuous degradation path of the quality characteristic of the product. A Wiener process allows nonconstant variance and nonzero correlation among data collected at different time points. We propose a decision rule for classifying a unit as normal or weak, and give an economic model for determining the optimal termination time and other parameters of a burn‐in test. Next, we propose a method for assessing the product's lifetime distribution of the passed units. The proposed methodologies are all based only on the product's initial observed degradation data. Finally, an example of an electronic product, namely contact image scanner (CIS), is used to illustrate the proposed procedure. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2003     

高压大容量脉冲电容器保压过程中电压跌落的定量分析

针对金属化膜脉冲电容器在实际使用中由于充电结束以后较长的保压时间而产生电压跌落和能量损失，并最终导致脉冲功率电源系统的实际有效储能和储能密度下降这一实际问题，基于一种高压大容量脉冲电容器电压跌落的实验数据，分别从电导特性、自愈特性、极化特性及其与能量损失的相关性出发，推导了介质薄膜电导率与电压跌落的定量关系并进行了电导率测量实验，推导了自愈能量与电压跌落的定量关系并进行了寿命实验，阐述了松弛极化与电压跌落的定量关系并进行了仿真。结果表明，介质泄漏、自愈以及松弛极化在电压跌落中所占比例分别为29.64%、11.75%及58.35%，导致所研究电容器电压跌落的主要因素是松弛极化。     

基于贝叶斯模型的装备剩余寿命预测研究

为了解决武器装备日益复杂及维修工作日趋繁重的问题,运用贝叶斯模型预测装备修理后的剩余寿命,为合理安排其修理计划提供依据。替代传统的指数分布,用威布尔分布描述系统寿命特征,并运用极大似然方法和贝叶斯方法估计威布尔分布的两个未知参数,给出其置信区间。在此基础上,对先验样本和后验样本两种不同情况,分别运用贝叶斯模型预测装备修理后的剩余寿命,并给出实例。结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

Properties of a mean residual life function arising from renewal theory

The present article discusses the properties of the mean residual life function in a renewal process. We examine the relationship this function has with the failure rate function and the conventional mean, variance and coefficient of variation of residual life. We also discuss some monotonicity properties of the mean residual life function. A partial order based on the renewal mean residual function is introduced along with its interrelationship with some existing stochastic orders. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

Priori information analysis of optocoupler accelerated degradation experiment based on failure mechanism verification test

The optocoupler is a weak link in the inertial navigation platform of a kind of guided munitions. It is necessary to use accelerated storage test to verify the storage life of long storage products. Especially for small sample products, it is very important to obtain prior information for the design and implementation of accelerated degradation test. In this paper, the optocoupler failure mechanism verification test is designed and the experimental results are analyzed and the prior information is obtained. The results show that optocouplers have two failure modes, one is sudden failure and the other is degradation failure; the maximum temperature stress of optocoupler can't exceed 140 °C; the increase of leakage current of optocoupler is caused by movable ions contaminating the LED chip. The surface leakage current is proportional to the adsorption amount. The increase of leakage current makes p-n junction tunneling effect occur which LEDs the failure of the optocoupler. The lifetime distribution model of the optocoupler is determined by the failure physics. The lifetime of the optocoupler is subject to the lognormal distribution. The degeneracy orbit of the optocoupler leakage current is described by a power law model. The estimated values of the orbital parameters are initially calculated and the parameters of its life distribution function are deduced. The above information lays a good foundation for the optimization design and data processing of the accelerated degradation experiment.     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的坦克炮身管剩余寿命预测方法

针对高膛压坦克炮身管剩余寿命预测的难题,结合坦克实弹射击试验数据量少和非线性的特点,基于最小二乘支持向量机构建了坦克炮身管剩余寿命预测模型,给出了模型参数的选取方法,并以某型坦克炮射击试验为基础,对坦克炮身管剩余寿命预测模型进行了验证。结果表明:该模型预测坦克炮身管剩余寿命效果良好。     

基于半马氏决策过程的电容器维修策略优化

针对电容器随机劣化失效的特点,采用半马氏决策过程解决其预防性维修方案设计和维修策略优化问题.在电容器随机劣化的Gaussian-Poisson模型基础上,以检测周期为优化变量,同时考虑预防性维修次数阈值的影响,建立电容器长期运行费用率优化模型.分析表明,对该型号电容器来说,预防性维修相比于事后修理更加有利于节省部件长期运行的费用率.     

Optimization of reluctance accelerator efficiency by an improved discharging circuit

In this paper, an improved discharging circuit was proposed to quicken the decay of the current in the drive coil in a reluctance accelerator when the armature reaches the center of the coil. The aim of this is to prevent the suck-back effect caused by the residual current in drive coil. The method is adding a reverse charging branch with a small capacitor in the traditional pulsed discharging circuit. The results under the traditional circuit and the improved circuit were compared in a simulation. The experiment then verified the simulations and they had good agreement. Simulation and experiment both demonstrated the improved circuit can effectively prevent the suck-back effect and increase the efficiency. At the voltage of 800 V, an efficiency increase of 36.34% was obtained.